胺端基型CdS／PAMAM潜在显现指印的应用

目的探索一种新型纳米荧光材料的制备方法及其在潜在指印显现方面的应用前景。方法以聚酰胺-胺（PAMAM）树形分子为模板，原位合成CdS纳米簇。并使用荧光光谱法对产物进行表征：应用这种新型荧光材料对多种客体表面、不同陈旧程度的潜在指印进行显现．并将显现结果与传统荧光染料进行比对。结果该荧光材料在365nm紫外光激发下可以发出很强的可见荧光：与传统的荧光染料相比。-NH2端基型CdS／PA—MAM可以同指印残留物进行靶向结合．其荧光强度高、背景干扰小，指印纹线与客体反差大。结论-NH2端基型CdS／PAMAM可以有效地显出非渗透性客体表面的潜在指EP。     

关于指纹特征价值研究

对2000人的20000枚指纹各指位不同纹型组合,各指位不同区域细节特征分布进行观察统计分析,发现其出现率明显不同.以此为据,计算出现概率,是全面判定指纹特征价值的依据.     

非渗透性客体上手印程序化显现方法研究

作者选取了碘熏显现法、粉末显现法、烟熏显现法、“502”胶熏显现法和小颗粒悬浮液法五种常规显现方法，针对非渗透性客体上的汗潜手印的程序化显现进行了实验研究，总结出了碘熏显现法、粉末显现法、“502”胶熏显法、小颗粒悬浮液法、烟熏显现法：或碘熏显现法、小颗粒悬浮液法、“502”胶熏显法、粉末显现法、烟熏显现法等两种推荐使用的显现顺序。该结论为提高现场手印的显出率和利用率提供了可靠的依据。     

氧化锌悬浮液显现手印的研究

本文从小颗粒悬浮液显现手印的原理出发，选用氧化锌作为小颗粒，对其最佳配方及该配方对不同客体、不同手印物质、不同遗留时间的手印的适用性进行了实验研究，为氧化锌悬浮液应用于现场手印的显现提供了可靠的程序依据。     

利用乳胶技术从腐败尸体上提取指纹的新方法

从腐败尸体上，尤其是从皱缩和碳化的干尸上提取指纹是一个难题。文章提出了一种创新的技术，即利用乳胶液提取指纹。乳胶技术容易操作，可迅速应用于无需截肢的尸体上（肌肉萎缩的烧焦尸体除外）。通过这种方式，可以更好地、长久地复制指纹，用于捺印和照相。乳胶拷贝片可捺印多次，对于疑难尸体的法庭鉴定，这个程序是至关重要的。     

Visualization of latent fingerprint corrosion of metallic surfaces

Abstract:  Chemical reactions between latent fingerprints and a variety of metal surfaces are investigated by heating the metal up to temperatures of ∼600°C after deposition of the fingerprint. Ionic salts present in the fingerprint residue corrode the metal surface to produce an image of the fingerprint that is both durable and resistant to cleaning of the metal. The degree of fingerprint enhancement appears independent of the elapsed time between deposition and heating but is very dependent on both the composition of the metal and the level of salt secretion by the fingerprint donor. Results are presented that show practical applications for the enhancement to fingerprints deposited in arson crime scenes, contaminated by spray painting, or deposited on brass cartridge cases prior to discharge. The corrosion of the metal surface is further exploited by the demonstration of a novel technique for fingerprint enhancement based on the electrostatic charging of the metal and then the preferential adherence of a metallic powder to the corroded part of the metal surface.     

Dual fingerprint reagents with enhanced sensitivity: 5-methoxy- and 5-methylthioninhydrin

"Dual fingerprint reagents" are chemical formulations which produce with latent fingerprints in a single step, impressions that are both colored and fluorescent. Pre-mixed solutions of the two commercially available ninhydrin analogues, 5-methoxyninhydrin (MN) and 5-methylthioninhydrin (MTN) with zinc or cadmium salts, are true dual reagents. They are much more sensitive than the parent dual reagent, ninhydrin/ZnCl(2). The main advantage of the new formulations is that they can be used at room temperature, with no need to cool the sample to liquid nitrogen temperature. At 0.05% concentration, which is 10-fold lower than the common ninhydrin working solution, MTN/ZnCl(2) is as sensitive as DFO in the fluorescence mode and considerably more sensitive in the color mode. MTN is also slightly cheaper than DFO.     

Toward a quantitative typology of burglars: a latent profile analysis of career offenders

Burglary is a serious, costly, and prevalent crime but prior typologies of burglars are mostly speculative and based on qualitative data. Using a sample of 456 adult career criminals, the current study used latent profile analysis to construct a methodologically rigorous quantitative typology. Four classes of burglars emerged: young versatile, vagrant, drug-oriented, and sexual predators. All groups demonstrated significant involvement in varied forms of crime, but the sexual predator group was the most violent and had the most serious criminal careers. Connections to the criminal career literature are offered and suggestions for further empirical study of offender typologies are discussed.     

浅谈手印DNA技术

手印是犯罪现场上重要而又常见的痕迹物证之一,素有“证据之首”之美称。随着生物DNA技术的不断发展．从现场手印中提取到DNA已成为可能。但目前的手印DNA技术仍然面临着很多困难和挑战,在一定程度上阻碍了其发展。随着DNA的提取和分型扩增技长以及计算机信息技拳的不断发展,手印DNA技术将会给招纹学带来前所未有的飞跃。     

Visualization of Latent Fingerprint Corrosion on a Discharged Brass Shell Casing

Abstract:  Latent fingerprint visualization on discharged shell casings can provide good forensic evidence, particularly if the casing is recovered at the scene of a crime where a firearm has been discharged. Unfortunately, visualization of such latent fingerprints when they were deposited prior to discharge of the firearm is problematic as both increased temperature and abrasive friction can inhibit fingerprint visualization with conventional techniques. We present a case study that demonstrates latent fingerprint visualization on a discharged shell casing recovered 14 years ago from the scene of a homicide. Previous cyanoacrylate fuming of the casing had failed to reveal any fingerprints. We use a visualization technique in which a conducting carbon powder adheres preferentially to latent fingerprint corrosion of the casing surface, following the application of a potential of 2.5 kV to the casing. This technique presents opportunities for the review of old cases and for consideration of its use in current cases.