完善我国诉讼收费规则配套制度的若干思考

本文探讨了现行诉讼收费规则下如何协调诉讼收费与保障民事诉讼目的之间关系的难题,认为解决问题的关键在于建立和完善相关的配套制度:进一步完善现行诉讼费的缓、减、免制度;进一步完善法律援助制度;逐步建立律师费有限转付制度;有效引进西方诉讼保险制度。     

The Impact of EU Membership on UK Economic Performance

The relatively deep level of economic integration achieved by the European Union (EU) has been highly successful in increasing trade for its members. Larger trade volumes have had positive effects on productivity levels. In the case of the United Kingdom the gain from joining the EU was probably around 10 per cent of GDP and this far exceeded any costs of membership, possibly by a ratio of seven to one. A major reason for this outcome was a significant increase in competition as protectionism was abandoned. The economic implications of Brexit are much less clear because there are many permutations of what it would entail. Future trade barriers rather than budgetary transfers are the main issue. Brexit could be quite costly if the UK left the single market and used its new policy space badly. Ironically, while Brexit clearly appeals to free traders, it could end up empowering protectionists.     

新一轮减税降费促进民营企业发展研究

民营企业是我国市场经济的主体,激发民营企业的积极性和创造性有利于推动供给侧结构性改革、夯实实体经济基础、推动经济转向高质量发展.改革开放以来,我国实施了多次减税降费政策,对降低企业成本、减轻企业负担、增强企业竞争力发挥了重要作用.2019年以来,我国实施的新一轮减税降费政策的规模和强度都是空前的,全方位、多层次地支持民营企业发展,有力提振了民营企业发展的信心,极大提升了民营企业科技创新能力,大大增强了民营企业参与国际市场竞争底气,有效地巩固了民营企业市场主体地位.未来我国减税降费政策将更加注重引导民营企业把减税降费红利投向技术创新领域,加强对减税降费政策的评估和动态调整,着力克服伴随的负面影响以及做好配套改革等,使减税降费从扶持性政策向制度化长效机制转变.     

知识产权侵权惩罚性赔偿数额的司法确定问题研究

《中华人民共和国民法典》第1185条以一般规则的形式宣示我国知识产权侵权惩罚性赔偿制度的全面确立。抓紧落实惩罚性赔偿是知识产权司法面临的重大课题,惩罚性赔偿数额的确定是其中的主要问题。基数难以确定,倍数的确定缺乏统一标准,法定赔偿滥用,惩罚性赔偿、法定赔偿、酌定赔偿适用混乱,地方性裁判指南规定的数额标准不一致导致"类案不同判"等,都是当前损害赔偿数额确定中的问题。为解决上述问题,建议以权利人的实际损失为准确定惩罚性赔偿的基数,侵权获利或者许可使用费倍数作为对权利人实际损失的推定;明确实际损失的构成,在损失计算方法上适当借鉴域外经验;统一侵权获利的确定标准,同时考虑技术分摊问题;明确许可使用费的合理倍数可以作为惩罚性赔偿的基数,明确许可使用费确定时的考量因素;惩罚性赔偿的基数不应包括权利人制止侵权所支付的合理开支;酌定赔偿可以作为惩罚性赔偿的基数;满足一定条件情况下的法定赔偿可以作为惩罚性赔偿的基数。综合考虑刑事罚金、行政罚款、惩罚性赔偿的关系。出台司法解释、发布指导性案例,规范地方法院裁判惩罚性赔偿案件数额标准不一致的情形。     

Paying to Be Punished: A Statutory Analysis of Sex Offender Registration Fees

Over the last 20 years, sex offender policies, specifically in terms of community corrections, have increased in scope. One of the most controversial and pervasive sex offender policies is that of registration. In response to the consumption of already limited resources, jurisdictions have imposed increasingly higher community supervision fees onto the offenders, requiring them to pay for their own re-entry. However, to date no research study has examined the statutory language associated with registration fees collected post release from formal community sanctions. Using a statutory analysis within the United States, this research finds and quantifies the imposition of a registration fee on offenders who are legally compelled to pay these registration costs, regardless of whether they are still currently under community supervision. Results show that more than half of U.S. states (n?=?28) incorporate statutory language authorizing registration fees, ranging anywhere from $5 per registration to up to $250 per year. These findings, as well as suggestions for future research and policy recommendations, are discussed.     

浅议医疗挂号费的法律属性

在我国医疗单位使用多年的挂号费 ,其法律属性直接关系到医患之间的关系和医疗服务的性质。文章将挂号费分为普通挂号费和特殊挂号费 ,并从挂号费的意义出发来说明二种挂号费的法律属性在不同的历史阶段有不同的性质。在市场经济条件下 ,挂号费理应是证约定金和等价交换的手段。     

我国国家赔偿费用管理制度的完善

本文在介绍当前我国国家赔偿费用管理制度的基础上,针对我国国家赔偿费用管理制度存在的问题提出自己的看法和建议。     

“水土流失治理费”制度探析

本文考察了水土保持领域“水土流失治理费”制度的法律渊源、法律依据的合理性与正当性，分析了该制度在地方立法和实践中存在的种种问题，论证了在立法上完善该制度的迫切性和必要性，并提出了对策性建议。     

超市收取通道费滥用市场支配地位浅析

超市通道费是近年来热议的“新名词”，零售商收取通道费是否属于滥用市场支配地位争议颇多。文章从通道费收取的现行制度规定入手，探讨了通道费收取对于市场竞争的作用，随后对通道费收取是否构成滥用市场支配地位进行界定与分析，并指出我国立法之不足。     

基于成本导向视角下的非营利组织管理费用探讨

文章根据捐赠方偏好与非营利组织使命的契合程度、监管方对非营利组织控制程度，为管理费计提提供一个新的情境分类即依据非营利组织能力、监管方控制（问责）程度、捐赠方偏好、慈善项目难易度四种情境，分别计提不同的管理费用。管理费计提比例，究其实质是一个成本权衡的问题，依据不同情境选择最优计提比例，并将其限定在合理范同内，对非营利组织构建其公信力，拓宽善款渠道，以及组织的良性发展皆有重要的指导意义。