A Semi-Parametric Spatial Regression Approach to Post-War Human Security: Cambodia, 2002–2004

Human security in post-war societies depends on incentives to forego violence in local interactions. The government of Cambodia monitors domestic violence, land conflicts and serious crime in over 13,000 villages and urban neighbourhoods. We use three annual data collections to estimate the response of these conflicts to the legacy of the war, poverty and resource competition, urbanity as well as governance quality. Bayesian spatial regressions help identify socio-economic thresholds beyond which conflicts expand or contract significantly. We find numerous non-linearities in the propensities for violence. Notably, predicted rates decrease in response to quality of governance only at a high level of service provision, which, realistically, most communities may not soon achieve. This may justify dedicated programmes addressing particular types of conflicts. We propose alternative analytic approaches, including some that would make the problem of endogeneity more tractable once updated poverty estimates become available. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The political economy of local government financialization and the role of policy diffusion

By analyzing why English local governments have made extensive use of long-term market loans with embedded derivatives, this paper seeks to contribute to the growing literature on local government financialization. Using an original, large-N panel dataset for the period from 1998 to 2014, we show that the configuration of the local political economy is an important driver of financialization processes: a Labour Party majority as well as fiscal and economic stress make it more likely that councils adopt risky financial instruments. As the use of financial innovations has also diffused geographically, policy diffusion impacts local governments as well. Highlighting the conditional effect of finance sector power, which only increases the use of financial innovations in very large councils, as well as the temporal dimension of fiscal and economic stress, we create ample avenues for further research.     

论地方环境立法公正和效率价值的平衡

我国地域辽阔,域内自然环境差别较大,其决定了地方环境立法居于不可或缺的地位。地方环境立法应兼顾公正和效率价值平衡,并坚持"效率优先、实现公正"的立法价值取向。地方政府应当对当地新生环境问题结合当地经济、技术、自然实际情况及环境保护的需要及时立法,并对不适时的地方法规进行及时修改,实现地方环境法制系统公正和效率价值的最大化追求。     

论和谐社会背景下平安监狱的创建

创建平安监狱,是构建和谐社会的必要组成部分,是新时期确保监管安全的新思路、新方 法、新举措。在构建和谐社会的进程中,必须大力创建平安监狱。创建平安监狱必须完善基础设 施,加强基础管理,强调以人为本,确保和谐平安。     

法治社会中的法官独立

法官独立是司法独立的关键,法官在审判时不受任何干涉是法官独立的本质要求。尽管我国“司法改革”的口号已喊了多年,至今却不见有大的制度性安排。如果我们要想真正地树立司法权威,根治司法腐败,就必须从制度上让法官从种种束缚下解脱出来。     

试论公安机关社会稳定预警系统建设的必要性

社会稳定是社会发展的根本保障。维护社会稳定是公安机关的首要任务,建设社会稳定预警系统是公安机关维护社会稳定的重要措施。各级公安机关要从讲政治的高度,大力加强社会稳定预警系统建设,以切实发挥维护社会稳定的职能作用。     

Against the Current: Social Pathways and the Pursuit of Enduring Change

Radical innovations and practices frequentlyfind themselves in an inhospitable environment,struggling against the gravitational force ofdominant norms, practices and relations. Thispaper explores the problems radical changeconfronts in its attempts to become sustainable.Against the postmodern valorisation of thetransient and ephemeral, the paper argues forthe importance of routinisation and repetitionin the process of creating and sustainingchange. A metaphor of social pathways isdeveloped to explore how new routines arecreated through de jure (governance) andde facto (usage) means. The paper arguesthat, in contrast to governance, the emergentdurability generated by usage enables routinesto outlive their conditions of existence.At the same time, routines at odds with theirsocial and institutional environment tend overtime to disappear. The second half of the paperdraws on four British attempts to introduce newpathways: lesbian and gay local governmentinitiatives, Conservative education reforms,Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp and LocalExchange Trading Systems (LETS). Through theseexamples, the paper reflects on attempts tocreate more conducive environments, and some ofthe difficulties this generates.     

转型时期地方政府决策行为分析

转型时期,地方政府的决策行为在不同领域具有不同特点,影响因素主要来自职能与角色定位、法律与政策、利益与官员素质、任期与资历、信息与监督等方面,为此,必须通过界定地方政府的决策权力边界,规范决策程序,公开决策过程,加强决策监督,让地方政府在决策时正确地做事,做正确的事。     

不同地域痹证中医药治疗特色

痹证是因风、寒、湿、热等外邪侵袭人体,闭阻经络而导致气血运行不畅的病证。痹证的发生与体质的盛衰以及气候条件、生活环境密切相关。西北方之人患痹证,宜用疏通重剂、温热之药;东南方之人患痹证,宜用疏通轻剂、清凉之品;中部之人患痹证,当因地制宜。以中医理论为指导,结合痹证的现代研究,基于中医地域医学特色,探讨不同地域痹证的辨证及治疗特色具有重要意义。     

论刑事政策的演进与和谐社会刑事政策构建

刑事政策是在不断发展变化之中的。社会主义和谐社会刑事政策的价值取向是追求社会和谐和科学发展,指导思想是以人为本,关注人性,重视个性。主要内容包括宽严相济、保护人权、恢复性司法,实施主体包括国家及其司法机关、社会组织。和谐社会刑事政策需要在刑事立法、刑事司法、刑事预防各个层面加以深入贯彻。