未成年犯社区矫正分析

社区矫正在预防和控制未成年人犯罪方面具有十分重要的地位和作用,符合未成年犯的心理特征,有利于克服监禁刑的弊端,有利于和发达国家的刑罚模式接轨。我国社会主义的刑事政策、社会主义的法律体系以及日趋完善的社区和健全的司法行政体系资源为未成年犯罪人适用社区矫正提供了现实可能性。针对我国未成年犯社区矫正工作中存在的问题,笔者认为,更新行刑观念、对社区矫正进行科学定位、建立专门的社区矫正机构、配备专业的矫正人员、建立适合未成年人特点的社区矫正项目以及建立未成年犯社区矫正制度的评估体系是对未成年犯社区矫正制度完善的重要举措。     

The More the Merrier? Hungarian and Romany Minorities in Slovakia

This article discusses some important aspects of thetreatment of minorities in the Republic of Slovakia.It discusses the 1992 Constitution and subsequentdevelopments such as the State language law 1995, therestriction of political rights of Hungarians,educational policies, the setback of EU entry talks,the September 1998 general elections, the Dzurindagovernment's ``De-Meciarization', the 1999 MinorityLanguage Law, and recent electoral legislation. Thespecial condition of the Romany is considered. Theeffectiveness of international mechanisms for theprotection of minority rights (the Organisation forSecurity and Cooperation in Europe, the InternationalCovenant for Civil and Political Rights, the EuropeanConvention of Human Rights, the Framework Conventionfor the Protection of National Minorities) isassessed, as is the involvement of the EU. Finally,the role of the judiciary is reflected upon.     

Sense of Belonging Among High School Students Representing 4 Ethnic Groups

The authors investigated the dimensions and mechanisms of belonging relevant to motivation and achievement among high school students representing 4 ethnic groups. Using survey data from 9th to 12th grade students (N = 5,494) attending 7 ethnically-diverse high schools, structural equation modeling was employed to explore, independently for each ethnic group, the relationships between students’ perceptions of their belonging (encompassing relationships with teachers and peers, extracurricular involvement, and perceived ethnic-based discrimination), motivation (efficacy beliefs and valuing school activities), and academic success. All 4 measures of belonging were significant for European-American and Latino students. However, friendship nominations were not significant for all groups, suggesting potential variability in perspectives across ethnic groups. The strength of the structural model postulating belonging as a mediator, including statistically significant indirect paths, supported the hypothesis that the belonging construct accounted for much of the relationship between student motivation and success across groups.Beverly Faircloth is a doctoral candidate of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Her research interests include the developmental and motivational processes that support adolescent school engagement in ethnically diverse settings.Jill Hamm is an Assistant Professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1996. Her research interests are adolescents’ peer relations in ethnically diverse schools and classrooms.     

市场经济条件下社会福利的定位、改革与发展探究

在社会、宏观经济结构发生变动的情况下,我国社会福利制度面临结构性调整,目标、性质、功能、内容有待重新定位,“社区福利”、“混合福利”已经显现。作者在文中提出了社会福利层次论,现实的选择应在中观层次推行福利制度建设、实现制度整合,寻求政府行为与市场行为的均衡点,建立“两权分离、管办分开、法人办理、竞争经营”的新福利事业体制。     

社区教育初探

随着社会的发展,社区教育越来越受到人们的重视.社区教育具有教育目标多重性、教育对象的全面性、教育内容的广泛性、教育方式的灵活性等特点;社区教育能促进社区发展,要有效开展社区教育,必须加强政府的重视,充分利用各种教育资源,合理开发教育课程,建立高水平的社区教育工作者队伍.     

东北亚区域旅游合作的新态势与新构想

近年来东北亚地区旅游业迅速发展,旅游合作也出现了新的特点,并引起了人们越来越多的关注。东北亚区域旅游合作也出现了新态势,因此,提出构建东北亚区域旅游共同体,推动东北亚区域旅游一体化日显重要。建议打造一条龙式的旅游路线,推动东北亚区域旅游产品的一体化;制定统一的旅游服务标准,促进区域旅游标准一体化;以东北亚区域旅游一体化为突破口,带动东北亚区域经济一体化。     

论我国少数民族地区犯罪社会控制中的习惯法——以法律人类学为视角

我国复杂的民族状况决定了在我国少数民族地区实施犯罪控制的特殊性及难度,少数民族习惯法作为一种“地方性知识”应当在我国民族地区发挥预防犯罪的社会控制作用。在少数民族地区犯罪的社会控制中,民族习惯法应当成为少数民族地区和谐社会法治构建中的重要资源。     

论我国未成年人社区矫正体系的构建——以刑事一体化为视角

我国目前的社区矫正只适用于被法院判定有罪的人。基于未成年人的主体特征,对于未成年犯的社区矫正体系不应仅仅局限于法院审判阶段的监禁刑替代措施和审判后的非监禁刑罚执行,还应将审判前的侦查及起诉阶段纳入到社区矫正的适用范围,即以刑事一体化为视角构建未成年犯的社区矫正体系。     

社区戒毒模式及其运作机制研究

目前，国家颁布的《禁毒法》，对戒毒模式进行了重构，除将强制戒毒与劳教戒毒合并为强制隔离戒毒模式外，还明确提出了社区戒毒模式。社区戒毒在国外有了较为成功的模式和经验，其矫治效果获得了肯定，但在我国目前还处于民间探索阶段。尽管国内某些地方也不乏社区戒毒的成功范例，但并非法律意义上的社区戒毒模式。对社区戒毒模式的建立原则、实践价值及具体运作机制等方面进行深入研究，并提出相应的策略，保障社区戒毒运作的合法性、规范性和有效性，是矫治工作者无法推卸的责任。     

体制外监督与警民和谐

在警务监督中，体制外监督既是对体制内监督的有益补充，又是国家权力社会化的逻辑结论和社会进步的客观要求。顺应社会发展趋势。强调体制外监督及其主客体双方的义务和责任，能够完善警务监督体系，增进警民相互理解和相互尊重，促进警民和谐，并对社会和谐产生积极的推动作用。