Estimating Individual Contributions to Complex DNA SNP Mixtures.,

High‐throughput sequencing (HTS) of large panels of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) provides an alternative or complimentary approach to short tandem repeats (STRs) panels for the analysis of complex DNA mixture forensic samples. For STRs, methods to estimate individual contribution concentrations compare capillary electrophoresis peak heights, peak areas, or HTS allele read counts within a mixture. This article introduces three approaches (mean, median, and slope methods) for estimating individual DNA contributions to forensic mixtures for HTS/massively parallel sequencing (MPS) SNP panels. For SNPs, the major:minor allele ratios or counts, unique to each contributor, were compared to estimate contributor proportion within the mixture using the mean, median, and slope intercept for these alleles. The estimates for these three methods were typically within 5% of planned experimental contributions for defined mixtures.     

Lecture Versus Simulation: Testing the Long-Term Effects

Abstract

Active learning techniques are being use with increasing frequency in the classroom and more time is being dedicated to designing and implementing them. However, the literature still suffers from a lack of rigorous empirical methods to test the effects of simulations. Most of the claimed benefits of utilizing simulations, and other active learning techniques, are improved soft skills and higher order thinking like empathy, confidence, public-speaking abilities, and interpersonal skills—all of which don’t lend themselves well to scientific measurement. This gap in the literature is especially troubling considering that time spent using simulations is time not spent using other methods. This article seeks to test the differing impacts of simulations versus traditional lectures over the long-term using a simple 30-minute simulation and rigorous experimental methods. The most important results show that students learn more initially from a lecture, but that students who were exposed to the simulation were better able to retain that information over the long-term.     

Applying behavioural science to the annual electoral canvass in England: Evidence from a large-scale randomised controlled trial

Local authorities in Great Britain are required to ensure that their electoral registers are as accurate and complete as possible. To this end, Household Enquiry Forms (HEFs) are mailed to all properties annually to collect updated details from residents, and any eligible unregistered residents will subsequently be invited to register to vote. Unfortunately, HEF nonresponse is pervasive and costly. Using insights from behavioural science, we modified letters and envelopes posted to households as part of the annual canvass, and evaluated their effects using a randomised controlled trial across two local authorities in England (N=226,528 properties). We find that modified materials – particularly redesigned envelopes – significantly increase initial response rates and savings. However, we find no effects on voter registration. While certain behavioural interventions can improve the efficiency of the annual canvass, other approaches or interventions may be needed to increase voter registration rates and update voter information.     

Enjoy their symptom: of woman,men and other interesting figures in Greek literary texts

Voela and Tamboukou use Slavoj ?i?ek’s notion of the symptom as a lens through which to look at representations of female figures in Greek literary texts of the early twentieth century by Gregorios Xenopoulos. In mapping the construction of the figure of the modern woman in the matrix of discourses, fantasies and power relations of fin-de-siècle Greece, they draw on psychoanalytic insights, interrupted by Foucauldian interventions. Following Judith Butler’s move of making trouble they attempt to open up a dialogic space between psychoanalytic and Foucauldian approaches to the female subject, contextualized in a specific social, historical and cultural milieu. It is in this context that they discuss, first, how feminine and masculine subjectivities are represented in man’s speech; second, how unintended excesses and interruptions occur in the problematic representation of women; and, third, how madness and ultimately death come to play a significant role in the power relations between the sexes.     

当代中国社会建设实践的基本特征

在中国特色社会主义事业的总体布局中,社会建设有着与经济建设、政治建设和文化建设截然不同的理论和实践特征,主要表现为:突出建设的社会性、强调治理的公共性、关注需求的日常性、关涉布局的综合性。这些在中国特色社会主义建设实践中日益凸显出来的基本特征表征着当代中国社会建设的专业化和自主化发展趋势,也体现了中国经济社会发展的全面性和科学性。     

以科学发展观为统领不断推进工会工作创新发展

中关村科技园区海淀园是中国第一个高新技术产业开发区，汇聚了15000多家高新技术企业。目前园区基层工会组织多是小而分散，工会会员呈高学历、高素质、高收入群体特点。工会工作按照传统的组织体系和工作方式难以有效运作。因此，园区各级工会必须适应形势，在基层建设和工作领域方面走向社会化、网络化和开放化，从实际出发，建立健全工会组织体系，以科学发展观为统领，以维权为重点，围绕园区的稳定和发展，发挥工会组织的积极作用。     

French Enlightenment: truth and life

This paper considers the relations of truth, life and norm in the work of Georges Canguilhem and Michel Foucault argued that in France it was in the philosophy of science that one finds the clearest formulations of the problems of rationality and the sovereignty of reason. This distintive confrontation can be termed French Modern. For Canguilhem, an ontological and existential pathos arose from the fact that living beings were fated to struggle in the face of circumstances. For Foucault, this ontology became historical and political. For both, the key question was the relationship between life itself and the understanding of life. The paper concludes by reflecting upon some implications of the ways in which the relation between life and lived experience is posed today.     

法益的体系性位置与功能

法益的体系性位置可以从法益与实定法的关系、讨论法益问题的领域两个角度来分析。在不同领域内讨论的法益,有不同的概念选择,发挥不同的功能。犯罪立法概念中的法益只能是宪法性法益,其功能在于为刑事立法者提供适当的刑事政策标准。犯罪司法概念中的法益,在入罪判断时只能是后刑法法益,可以指导解释刑法规定的行为构成;在出罪判断时只能是宪法性法益,通过法益价值的衡量,对符合行为构成的行为进行正当化处理。     

论中等收入群体发育的社会条件

我国当前中等收入群体发育的社会条件主要有：产业结构的变迁是中等收入群体发育的社会结构基础;以市场为取向的改革是中等收入群体发育的社会内在机理;现代教育,尤其是现代高等教育的发展是中等收入群体发育的直接“引擎”。     

试论中国近代期刊对外国美学的译介和传播

20世纪初,中国美学进入了从古典向现代的转型时期。促成美学的转型有政治、经济、文化等多种因素,其中传播手段的革命是至关重要的。近代期刊对外国美学的译介和传播,推动了中国美学的发展,改变了传统的审美机制,使美学从内容到形式都发生了根本性的变化,从而促成了中国美学的现代转型。