开展土地承包经营权抵押的法律建议

土地承包经营权抵押是农村产权流转改革的必要组成部分,具有现实需求与可行性。但目前我国法律对其有着相当程度的限制．实践试点中也集中反映出目前法律制度对土地承包经营权抵押支持不足的问题。建议在立法上修改不必要的限制,同时通过修改相关法律规定、建立农村土地承包经营权流转服务中心、引进专业中介机构服务、出台金融扶持政策等多种渠道完善相关法律制度,切实保障农民的合法权益。     

进口押汇业务中的担保法律问题研究--兼对《物权法(草案)》担保物权编的修改建议

信用证项下的进口押汇业务是已经一项普遍开展的国际贸易融资业务,也是我国商业银行国际业务中非常重要的一个品种,但是关于该业务中担保法律问题,在我国实务界、司法界和学术界都还没有统一科学的界定,这使得该业务在实际操作和司法实践中出现了很多问题,对商业银行的合法权益造成了直接损害。通过比较分析其他国家和地区的法律实践,认为台湾地区的动产抵押制度与德日判例法中让与担保制度能够较好地防范商业银行的法律风险,保护押汇银行的债权。故建议对台湾地区和德日的实践经验予以完善,在物权法立法中设立动产抵押制度或让与担保制度。     

让与担保与抵押权的比较分析——兼评《民法典草案“物权编”》第26章

<中华人民共和国民法典<草案>>已于2002年12月底提交全国人大常委会审议,其第二编"物权法"第二十六章规定了让与担保制度,与传统的典型担保如抵押、质押相并列.本文通过与抵押权制度相比较的方法,从三个方面来分析该制度的优越性,即从让与担保与抵押权的标的范围、公示方法、实行方式,论证了该制度积极的社会功能.     

美国房地产抵押贷款证券化法律制度及其对我国的启示

房地产抵押贷款证券化是美国资产证券化的最主要形式 ,其制定了一系列相关的成文法规 ,但房地产抵押贷款证券化的运作主要是通过其发达的证券市场和中介机构来实现 ,采用契约自由、信息披露、市场监管、司法救济的法律控制模式。我国房地产抵押贷款证券化有其客观需要 ,但目前存在许多障碍 ;应借鉴国外立法经验 ,通过建立健全住房金融法规、制定资产证券化专门性法律等措施来推动其发展。     

浅论用益物权形态的完备

在物权法律制度中 ,用益物权制度居于重要地位。它作为调整人们在对物的使用过程中所形成的社会关系的法律规范 ,促进了社会资源的有效、有序利用。要重塑我国用益物权的体系 ,须完备用益物权的具体形态 ,宜将使用权、地役权、典权纳入用益物权体系。     

对我国动产抵押登记制度的思考

中小企业融资动产抵押面临着现存的法律冲突,但从中小企业融资实践的角度来看,确实有必要规定动产抵押规则,以缓和中小企业困境。动产抵押作为一项担保制度,民法学者已经对其有充分的研究,并且物权法通过之后扩大了动产抵押的范围。建立健全完备的动产抵押登记制度有利于解决中小企业动产抵押融资困境。     

美国次贷危机的原因及影响

美国次贷危机的爆发,直接原因是美国住房市场降温、货币政策调整、金融衍生产品过度创新、信用过度膨胀、金融监管放松等因素造成的结果：次贷危机对美国及全球金融和实体经济都产生了重大影响,经济出现衰退。分析美国次贷危机产生的原因及影响,对我们了解和认识发达市场经济国家的宏观经济现状、矛盾及发展变化规律很有必要。     

美国次贷危机的再思考

本文以美国次贷危机为大背景,深入探讨其产生的原因及其后果,认为美元为主导的浮动汇率制是导致资产泡沫产生的土壤,以债权衍生品为主导的扩张是系统性风险的直接传递者,而相应监管的缺失导致危机蔓延,其结果必然导致美元危机。依据危机所带来的必然趋势,相应提出了我国应对危机转变增长方式的策略思考。     

Spatializing the future: financial expectations,EU convergence and the Eastern European Forex mortgage crisis

Existing accounts of failure to predict the financial crisis focus on the complexity of the financial system, and are less useful for understanding crises in non-securitized markets. We examine the roots of optimism leading up to the Eastern European mortgage crisis through the case of Hungary, and use recent theories of expectations, which understand them as both pragmatic and fictional practices that commonly incorporate narratives. Based on archival research and interviews with bankers, regulators and legislators, we demonstrate how the EU convergence narrative was central in forming optimistic expectations. Fusing the underspecified convergence process with an orientalist geographical imaginary, this narrative and its associated measures translated growing indebtedness as ‘catching up’ with Europe, de-emphasized exchange rate risk through a belief in European convergence and precluded crisis scenarios originating in the European Union. Our findings contribute to theories of how economic expectations are formed, stabilized and maintained by developing the concept of ‘spatializing the future’, denoting practices that handle uncertainty by charting the future as movement in concrete geographical or abstract space, along externally verifiable pathways.     

Collateral Damage: The Impact of Mortgage Debt on U.S. Savings

This article contributes to the literature on saving by empirically investigating the determinants of the saving rate in the United States, with a special focus on the role of mortgage debt. Using data from 1987 to 2013, we find that mortgage payments have a substantial negative impact on both personal and private saving rates in the United States. An increase of 10 percentage points in mortgage payments leads to a 9.1-percentage-point drop in the personal saving rate and a 12.4-percentage-point drop in the private saving rate. In addition, including mortgage debt as an explanatory variable leads to significant changes in the impact of other variables, which further reinforces our claim that mortgage debt is important for the analysis of the saving rate. Comparing mortgage payments with nonmortgage consumer debt payments, we find that mortgage payments have a larger impact on the private saving rate whereas nonmortgage consumer debt payments have a larger impact on the personal saving rate. We also find a partial but robust crowding-out effect of public saving rate on the two saving rates. Our results have implications for monetary policy and government policies that encourage mortgage borrowing.