职业教育教师评价体系存在的问题及对策研究简

在教育改革的进程中,教师教育评价体系尚未呈现出应有的规模化.职业教育评价应以高职教育目标为导向,提升高校对人优秀品格塑造之教育理念,以并非所有的教育活动都适宜评价为逻辑前提构建现代职业教育教师评价体系.突出奖励,不放弃惩罚,将有利于引导与鼓励教师,通过建立教师自我评价机制有助于最大限度地发挥教师的主观能动性.此外,区分原则与多元主体参与评价等原则的提出,对解决现今评价体系中存在的问题,都前景乐观.     

协商民主监督在民主监督环节中的作用与方法探析

以协商为基本方式,通过提出意见、批评和建议而进行的协商民主监督,在民主监督环节中发挥着对执政党和国家机构实施政治监督的作用。但是,当前协商民主监督,却存在内容空泛、方法固化、作用松软三大缺陷。增强协商民主监督在民主监督环节中的作用,要从监督的主体、方式和机制三方面着力,努力提高监督质量,不断强化监督力度,切实增强监督成效。     

关于加强工会理论研究的几点意见

工会的理论和政策研究不要封闭地搞 ,要放开眼界 ,并提出工会的对策和社会主张 ;依法调整劳动关系 ,要切实贯彻落实“两个机制” ,同时要加强对“两个机制”的研究 ;国有企业全心全意依靠工人阶级 ,要通过职代会实现职工的参与 ,私营企业、外资企业也应该按照这样的精神实现职工参与 ;建立现代企业制度 ,实行科学管理 ,要包括职工的民主管理 ,没有职工的民主管理 ,就不是现代企业制度 ;工会要把困难职工群体作为维护工作的重点 ,搞好社会保障工作。     

Intensive psychological treatment of high-risk violent offenders: Outcomes and pre-release mechanisms

Research on correlates of intervention programmes that reduce expected reconviction rates (‘what works’ literature, Risk–Need–Responsivity model) has been highly influential in criminal justice systems throughout much of the western world. But while this psychological research has been acquiring widespread recognition, a deeper understanding of how programmes work and of mechanisms for desistance more generally, has still to develop. This research reports results of a quasi-experimental recidivism outcome study for a series of prison units that provide intensive psychological treatment to high-risk, persistently violent prisoners. Four outcomes were examined over the first 12 months following release on parole: parole violations, new convictions, new convictions for violence, and imprisonment sentences resulting from new convictions. Alongside these results, we conducted preliminary analyses of two potential pre-release mechanisms for surviving the first 12 months on parole without reconviction: lower dynamic risk for violence, and greater release readiness. We found that dynamic violence risk fully accounted for differences between treatment completers and comparison prisoners in proportions reconvicted for violence. However, in all other cases, the proposed mechanisms did not significantly explain treatment-related differences. We close by considering possible explanations for these unexpected results, and reiterating the importance to our field of more sophisticated treatment outcome research.     

Market Darwinism vs. Market Creationism: Adaptability and Fairness in the Design of Greenhouse Gas Trading Mechanisms

International rule-making and compliance routines with respect to the Kyoto Protocol are evolving rapidly. This paper examines potential designs of emissions-trading programs by comparing the emissions credit trading (ECT) and cap-and-trade models for achieving cost-effective reductions in atmospheric greenhouse-gas (GHG) loading in terms of their adaptability and fairness. Adaptability is a valuable attribute when markets and their governing institutions are evolving rapidly or when regulated entities do not yet have well-established and predictable compliance routines. Fairness in both procedures and outcomes is central to efforts to establish and maintain institutions of international governance. The key difference concerns the awarding of tradable emission rights, which occurs at the launch of a cap-and-trade program but following when firms reduce emissions below baselines in an ECT scheme. Implications of this difference are explored in terms of institutional adaptability and fairness during program-design stages. By not locking in emission rights at the outset, and by being amenable to incremental roll-out, ECT appears to have superior adaptive and fairness qualities during periods of rapid institutional evolution.     

公共管理责任机制与我国责任型政府的构建

公共管理责任机制作为一种约束政府行为的有效机制,把政府与公民联系起来,并促使政府最终对公民负责。迄今为止,公共管理产生了两种责任机制,即传统责任机制与管理主义责任机制。基于对传统责任机制和管理主义责任机制的比较与分析,我国责任型政府的构建,应着重从以下几个方面进行:转变政府职能,建立有限政府;创新施政理念,建立人本政府;坚持依法行政,建立法治政府;完善监督机制,建立透明政府;加强行政伦理,自觉履行责任。     

由“问责风暴”谈公务员行政法律责任的完善

一段时间以来,国内安全事故频频见诸报端,有不少官员被依法追究行政法律责任,其影响之大被媒体形容为中国掀起"问责风暴"。这种现象应当引起我们对公务员行政法律责任完善的思考,问责应当形成常态机制,而不能是运动式的追责效果,在这方面可以借鉴香港地区的"廉政公署"制度,健全公务员行政问责机制。     

建立健全科学的权力结构和运行机制

腐败的本质是权钱交易,加强对公共权力的制约监督,防止权力越界和失控,是反腐败的核心问题。遏制腐败的治本之策是科学配置权力。通过适当分解决策权、执行权、监督权,使决策职能、执行职能、监督职能由不同部门相对独立行使,形成既相互制约、相互把关,又分工负责、相互协调的权力结构,才能使决策更加科学,执行更加高效,监督更加有力,从而保证权力依法运行,最大限度地防止权力滥用现象的发生。建立健全科学的权力结构,离不开运行机制的保证。完善权力的运行机制,一是要"切实把防治腐败的要求落实到权力结构和运行机制的各个环节,最大程度地减少权力‘寻租’的机会";二是要用覆盖全过程的责任制度来保证;三是要"以加强对领导干部特别是主要领导干部监督为重点,推进权力运行程序化和公开透明"。     

Mechanisms of environmental policy change in a federal system: The case of open federalism and the 2006–15 Harper government

Between 2006 and 2011, the Canadian Conservative government advocated the concept of ‘open federalism’ which sought to minimize the role of the federal government in areas falling under provincial jurisdiction. Environmental policy-making was particularly impacted with the passage of the highly contentious 2012 omnibus Jobs, Growth and Long-term Prosperity Act, commonly known as Bill C-38. This paper argues that environmental policy needs to ‘bring back federalism’ into their analysis. In order to do so, a mechanisms approach is employed and focuses on the role of both macro and meso level historical institutionalism mechanisms in explaining policy layering and policy dismantling during this period.     

充分发挥乡镇（街道）工会重要作用——关于石狮市乡镇（街道）工会建设的调查

乡镇工会在工会组织体系中是“承上启下”的一个环节,作用十分重要.石狮市作为福建省最早步入改革开放的县级市,是泉州地区经济社会发展的重要窗口.石狮市总工会紧跟改革开放步伐,把乡镇总工会建设作为服务城乡经济社会发展的关键环节来抓,在加强乡镇工会的地位和作用、完善乡镇工会的组织体制和运行机制、改善工会工作的环境和条件等三个方面,进行了积极的实践和探索,为全省乃至全国乡镇工会工作提供了许多可资借鉴的经验.