高校工会与学校民主管理机制的网络调研——以陕西省六所高校为例

对西安交通大学、西北工业大学、西北大学、陕西师范大学、长安大学、西安理工大学等六所高校的工会与学校民主管理机制的网络调研表明,上述高校在"双代会"及提案工作机制、二级民主管理机制、"三公开"工作机制、理论研讨与对外交流机制等方面的建设做得比较好,且各具特色。并可在工会工作及学校民主管理方面学习和引进清华大学、北京大学等高校的先进成果和理念。中国高校在民主化管理中要形成长效机制,要把制度的建设、落实与创新统一起来,走出一条具有中国特色的高校工会与学校民主管理的发展道路。     

The Effects of Childhood Physical Abuse or Childhood Sexual Abuse in Battered Women's Coping Mechanisms: Obsessive-Compulsive Tendencies and Severe Depression

What role does childhood abuse have on the coping choices made by a battered woman? Ancillary to a depression study (Bailey, 1996) in 79 battered women from a Houston area women's shelter were compared for past abuse experiences and how the women were coping with abuse in adulthood. This study compared coping styles between two groups of battered women: those who experienced childhood physically abuse (CPA) (n=35), and those who did not experience childhood physically abuse (NCPA) in childhood (n=44). All of the women filled out a battery of questionnaires including The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), and a scale for learned helplessness. A t-test conducted on obsessive-compulsive tendencies (OCT) scale of the BSI found that women who were NPPA had significantly lower BSI-OCT scores t(77)=−2.05, p < .05 than women who were PPA. No statistically significant differences were found between groups for learned helplessness. Out of the 35 battered women who reported physical abuse in childhood were more likely to report sexual abuse as girls than battered women who were not physically abused, t(77)=−3.40, p < .001. Battered women who had been physically and sexually abused in childhood were more severely depressed. Battered women who were not abused in childhood had more obsessive compulsive tendencies. The ramifications of these findings for therapeutic treatment are discussed.     

旅游产业集群形成的动力机制研究——以杭州国际旅游综合体为例

旅游产业集群形成动力主要包括内源性、外源性动力两种。旅游产业集群形成的内源性动力是一种自发的内在力量,主要通过旅游集群能获取旅游产业规模经济、外部经济促进旅游产业集群形成;通过旅游产业集群能形成完善的旅游价值链,促进旅游产业集群的形成与成长;旅游产业集群使旅游交易成本降低、能产生知识溢出效应等促进旅游产业集群形成。旅游产业集群外源性动力主要源于政府旅游产业集群动机、政策、资金扶持及政绩驱动;旅游企业之间、旅游城市之间竞争及塑造旅游形象及品牌提升旅游竞争力等方面的力量促进旅游产业集群发展。     

未成年人犯罪为何于法不惧

未成年人犯罪率居高不下已成为不争的事实,但涉案少年于法不惧的行为表现则更令人深思。究其原因何在?又应如何应对?是笔者意欲探讨的问题。     

制度生成视角下环境侵权法律救济机制研究

制度生成视角下推进环境侵权法律救济机制建设应该坚持保守的态度,选择渐进的思路。司法层面应选择环境公益诉讼作为适当的救济途径,结合能动司法理念、尝试性司法实践有序推进环境公益诉讼;立法层面应谨慎选择环境公益诉讼的立法模式,并从类型化角度选定环境公益诉讼的原告资格和举证责任分配机制。     

中国与东盟自由贸易区建设中的环境法律机制构建——基于区域合作中国际环境资源法律机制构建的视角

以对当前中国—东盟自由贸易区建设中的环境问题与环境法律机制问题进行实证分析为前提,对北美自由贸易协定对环境与贸易问题的协调及其启示加以有益的借鉴,倡导在确认成员国有确定本国环境保护水平的自由裁量权的基础上,建立独立的区域环境贸易争端解决机制,进而尝试在协调区域内成员国间环境标准及协调区域贸易协定与多边环境协定间的关系等方面构建一个全新的模式。     

经济犯罪案件侦查的原则与管理体制

经济犯罪案件的特殊性决定了它的侦查原则与管理体制有别于一般刑事案件，具有独特的内容。     

完善仲裁司法监督制度的现实价值评析——以构建多元化纠纷解决机制为视角

多元化纠纷解决机制强调各种纠纷解决方式相互促进,协调发展,而仲裁作为ADR中制度化最强的方式,它与诉讼的关系成为多元化纠纷解决机制中的一大亮点。因此,理顺仲裁与司法的关系,完善仲裁司法监督制度,对构建多元化纠纷解决机制的意义重大。     

Megaesophagus and Possible Mechanisms of Sudden Death

Abstract:  Achalasia is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by esophageal dysmotility and megaesophagus. Two cases are reported that demonstrate unexpected deaths associated with previously unsuspected achalasia. Case 1: A 66-year-old woman was found dead at her home. At autopsy significant stenosing coronary artery atherosclerosis was found with cardiac failure. In addition, a striking finding was narrowing of the distal esophagus with marked proximal dilatation. The esophagus was completely filled with a large amount of soft masticated food and was bulging anteriorly, compressing the left atrium. Death was attributed to ischemic heart disease complicated by previously unsuspected achalasia. Case 2: An 84-year-old man collapsed and suffered a respiratory arrest while eating. Internal examination revealed narrowing of the cardioesophageal junction with marked proximal dilatation of the esophagus that contained approximately 50 mL of soft semi-fluid masticated yellow food paste. Fragments of yellow masticated food remnants were present in upper and lower airways but not within the stomach. There was a history of dementia with symmetrical cerebral ventricular dilatation found at autopsy. Death was attributed to food asphyxia complicating previously unsuspected achalasia with dementia. Megaesophagus may, therefore, be a significant finding at autopsy that may either be a primary cause of unexpected death or else may exacerbate or compound the effects of pre-existing underlying disease.     

Restricting the import of ‘emission credits’ in the EU: a power struggle between states and institutions

This article examines the development of a cap on the use of so-called ‘project credits’ in the EU emissions trading scheme. It investigates how the issue of such a limit was addressed in the negotiations of the Linking Directive, and how it has been dealt with in the later implementation of this directive. The article applies two explanatory approaches: one based on intergovernmentalist theory, assuming that the cap reflected the preferences of the EU Member States; and one based on the multi-level governance model, assuming that the cap expressed the preferences of EU institutions rather than Member States. What is found is a two-stage development: during the negotiations of the Linking Directive, Member States managed to secure a no-cap solution allowing extensive use of the project credits. In the later implementation phase, however, when the emissions trading scheme was up and running and a certain legitimacy for the system had been established, the Commission managed to ‘regain control’ by bringing back a cap. Thus, the project credit cap—and by that, the very nature of the EU emissions trading scheme—has been the subject of a continuing power struggle within the EU—and different theoretical perspectives explain different stages of this process.