从排队秩序到宪法秩序——麦考密克的制度法律理论核心命题

使得规范成为规范的并不是规范本身,而是在规范之外的共同信念。这种信念是包括宪法秩序在内的所有秩序得以成立的基础。这就是英国学者麦考密克在他的《法律的制度》一书中阐释的内容,他用排队这个通俗易懂、每个人都有的实际经验阐明了不依赖于明确表述的规范的社会实践和社会秩序的存在,并分离出了不同于规范的事务,即实践者之间相互的行为期待。而正是这种信念才是秩序的最终来源,而正式规则和权威等概念同样建立在这种秩序之上。     

Experimental results on data analysis algorithms for extracting and interpreting edge feature data for duct tape and textile physical fit examinations

A physical fit is an important observation that can result from the forensic analysis of trace evidence as it conveys a high degree of association between two items. However, physical fit examinations can be time-consuming, and potential bias from analysts may affect judgment. To overcome these shortcomings, a data analysis algorithm using mutual information and a decision tree has been developed to support practitioners in interpreting the evidence. We created these tools using data obtained from physical fit examinations of duct tape and textiles analyzed in previous studies, along with the reasoning behind the analysts' decisions. The relative feature importance is described by material type, enhancing the knowledge base in this field. Compared with the human analysis, the algorithms provided accuracies above 90%, with an improved rate of true positives for most duct tape subsets. Conversely, false positives were observed in high-quality scissor cut (HQ-HT-S) duct tape and textiles. As such, it is advised to use these algorithms in tandem with human analysis. Furthermore, the study evaluated the accuracy of physical fits when only partial sample lengths are available. The results of this investigation indicated that acceptable accuracies for correctly identifying true fits and non-fits occurred when at least 35% of a sample length was present. However, lower accuracies were observed for samples prone to stretching or distortion. Therefore, the models described here can provide a valuable supplementary tool but should not be the sole means of evaluating samples.     

Creating a Commercia Civilization

正Business ties contribute to the development of a new type of Sino-U.S.great-power relationship By Patrick Mendis U.S.President Barack Obama’s vision for better relations with China is based on a time-tested commercial foundation.To enhance his Asia"pivot"strategy and the TransPacific Partnership(TPP)plan,then Secretary of State Hillary Clinton officially launched the"100,000 Strong"educational exchange initiative for American students to study in China.     

Laying Tracks for Peace

正Solution to the South China Sea issue is ready to work on August 8-10,the 47th ASEAN(Association of Southeast Asian Nations)Foreign Ministers Meeting(AMM)and its related gatherings brought together top diplomats from 27 nations,including 10 ASEAN member states and their Dialogue Partner countries,in Nay Pyi Taw,capital of Myanmar,to discuss political,security and development issues that have     

Breaking Barricades

正The current state of Sino-Japanese relations is strikingly worrisome.Particularly in the past year,conflicts have deepened between the two on issues concerning historical perception,territorial sovereignty and security.In a speech at a meeting of the 21st Century Committee for China-Japan Friendship,recently held in Nagasaki,Japan,Zhou Mingwei,a committee member,shared his thoughts on current Sino-Japanese relations.Excerpts as follows     

两岸互信的巩固与深化：理论视角与实现路径

信任是两岸交流交往活动得以实现及深入的核心机制。目前围绕两岸互信基础的解释,存在两大视角：一是以理性选择的计算为基础;二是以非理性的社会或关系选择为基础。两岸互信既可能来源于双方的理性选择,也可能来源于双方间的交往过程,甚至是来源于两岸制度化的合作等,当然还可能来源于前述几个＂信任源＂的不同组合。概括起来,巩固与深化两岸互信的动力来源体现在以下三个关键因素：对历史与现状的反思、相互依存的利益联结以及共同价值与规范的培育与形塑。而增进和深化两岸的相互信任,除了两岸基于理性选择增强双方的利益联结之外,还可从增进合作型信任关系、构建＂积极信任＂机制以及开展社会心理建设等入手。     

Sino-Indian Relations in the New Era

To have a clear understanding of the features of the Sino-Indian relations and its developing trend,it is necessary to take of the tinted spectacles and see the stark realities.     

文明自信的中国理念及其世界历史意义——论习近平关于文明交流互鉴的理念

当今世界,人类文明发展面临的风险与希望、挑战与愿景正呈现出前所未有的内在张力与外在表现,深刻揭示人类文明的本质及其互动与发展特征,成为当下必须直面的具有根本性、战略性、紧迫性的重大时代课题。党的十八大以来,立足于中国道路实现史诗般崛起的现实成就与文明品质,习近平深刻把握人类文明演进的基本规律,以文明交流互鉴为主题展开一系列重要论述,系统地阐发了“多彩、平等、包容”的文明本质论、“交流、互鉴、共存”的文明关系论和“共商、共建、共享”的文明发展论,从而为在21世纪推动构建人类命运共同体、实现人类历史进步与和平发展,提供了具有世界历史意义的文明自信理念。     

关于我国现行法律监督体制改革的探讨

我国现行的法律监督体制虽然体系完整,但实效不大,已不能完全适应社会主义市场经济发展的需要。因此,必须改变加强法制监督的思路,要在坚持共产党领导的前提之下,合理地配置国家权力,充分发挥各权力部门权相互监督、相互制约的和,以减层层设立监督机构耗费的社会成本,提高法律监督的实效,抑制权力腐败的滋生与蔓延。     

毛泽东对外经济交往思想探析

有人认为毛泽东自觉不自觉地实行了一套闭关锁国政策。本通过对毛泽东在三个历史时期对外经济交往思想的考察,得出了倡导对外开放,积极开展对外经济交往是毛泽东的一贯思想的结论。同时也扼要地指出了毛泽东对外开放和对外经济交往思想的某些局限性以及造成这些局限性的原因。邓小平突破了这些局限性,把我国的对外开放推向了一个新的阶段。