斡旋受贿之职务关系刍议

斡旋受贿与普通受贿是并列关系 ,“利用职务上的便利”与“利用本人职权或者地位形成的便利条件”是不同的两个概念。斡旋受贿中的职务关系的判断 ,关键在于认定行为人利用自己的职权、地位对被斡旋人产生了一定的影响 ,从而使后者接受斡旋     

论抗战文化及其对中国社会之影响

抗战文化在中国文化史上有着非常重要的意义:一是坚持以团结抗日,救亡图存的爱国精神作为它的发展主流;二是在它的发展过程中诞生了一部具有划时代意义的纲领性文献——《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话;》三是它对中国社会产生了极大的影响。     

A Mixture Model for the Number of Gunshot Residues Found on Suspects' Hands

Quantifying the strength of gunshot residue (GSR) evidence requires scientific knowledge about the number of particles expected to be found on individuals who were or were not involved in a shooting. However, controlled experiments demand expensive resources in terms of microscope time and labor, which restricts the data of most studies to only a small group of individuals. We suggest a novel method that exploits data collected routinely on suspects during the daily work of forensic laboratories. These observational data relate to both persons who were involved in a shooting and innocent individuals. We suggest a mixture approach with different models for the number of gunshot residue particles in each group and develop an iterative algorithm to estimate the probabilities of observing the evidence under the defense proposition that the suspect is innocent and under the prosecution assumption that he is not. The method is applied to data of more than 500 suspects collected by the Israel National Police Division of Identification and Forensic Science. The analysis shows that the probability of finding three or more GSR particles on the hands of innocent suspects is very small, less than 1.5 in 1000 cases. Our new method enables researchers to use data on real cases, possibly supplemented by experimental data, in order to estimate the probabilities of a given GSR finding under the defense and prosecution propositions.     

When Do Low Roll Rates Indicate Party Influence? Evidence from Counterfactual Roll Rates

A simulation-based counterfactual is one way to solve the observational equivalence challenge that seemingly “partisan” majority-party roll rates can be observed in the absence of any actual party influence. We simulate no-partisan-agenda-control counterfactual roll rates and apply them across sessions of the US House of Representatives and 86 state legislative chambers to evaluate the extent to which observed roll rates provide evidence for party influence on the legislative agenda. After assessing and controlling for the baseline risk of majority-party rolls, there is significant evidence of party influence on roll rates in some state legislatures, particularly those with rules that grant parties more agenda power, and in the post-Reed’s-rules House of Representatives. Institutional rules interact with the (simulated) risk of a majority roll to shape observed roll rates across chambers and across time.     

警惕网络对青少年的负面影响

随着网络的不断发展,人们与网络的联系越来越密切,网络对人们思想意识等方面的影响也越来越大。青少年是上网的主力,他们好奇心重,探究欲强,而人生观、价值观等都没有完全定型,所以网络既能促进青少年的素质的发展,却也不可避免地会带来消极的负面影响。     

论中国"入世"对工会工作的影响与挑战

中国加入WTO,有利于深化改革和对外开放,同时,将面临一系列挑战.工会作为代表和维护职工利益的组织,也将面临许多新情况和新问题,需要正确处理好八个关系.     

转型期中国弱势群体问题的理论剖析

弱势群体是由于社会结构急剧转型和社会失调或由于一部分社会成员自身的某些原因,而造成的对社会现实的不适应,并且出现了生活障碍和生活困难的人群共同体。弱势群体的产生已经成为当前社会的一个热点问题。解决弱势群体问题刻不容缓。     

关于毛泽东思想的几个问题

毛泽东思想的主要内容是新民主主义论和社会主义论,其形成过程中王稼祥起过十分重要的作用。从其意义来说,为邓小平理论的提出奠定了基础,并将为我们继往开来提供理论启示。     

对明代文词派传奇的再认识

明代成化、万历时期,在传奇剧坛占主导地位的是文词派.然而长期以来,文词派倍受批评,这实在有失公正.宣扬伦理以正风俗的<香囊记>,以渊博的学识、淳雅的语言奠定了文词派的基础;渗透着强烈现实批判精神的<玉玦记>,以"使事稳贴"、曲词雅丽、宾白通俗赢得了观众和读者的青睐,确立了文词派在剧坛的主导地位;沦入佛道的<昙花记>头绪纷繁、典雅缛丽,标志着文词派脱离观众、走向衰落.而衰落的文词派,却孕育了临川派和吴江派的胚胎.由此可见,文词派影响了整个明清两代传奇的风格.<琵琶记>是文词派的源头,八股科举制和文字避忌促成了文词派的诞生,诗文复古运动对文词派的发展推波助澜,这是文词派产生、发展、壮大的原因.     

新《合同法》与中国《海商法》

新合同法对我国原有的合同法体系作出了重大变更 ,对海商法也必将产生重要的影响。本文分析了新合同法将对海商法带来什么样的影响 ?新合同法与海商法如何融合 ?海商法施行以来遇到的一些问题如何在新合同法中获得解决等几个问题。