大学生基督教信仰的动机和影响

基督教信仰已成为在校大学生多元文化的组成部分之一,基督教的广泛传播和信仰对大学生的人生观、价值观和身心成长产生一定影响。继承家庭信仰传统是大部分大学生信仰基督教的主要动机,很多大学生在信教之后,对社会体现出乐观、包容的态度,在意志力和自制力方面有所进展。但有的学生信徒因过分倚重教义,在人生观上产生了宿命论思想,把社会进步的希望寄托于宗教的传播,对社会问题的看法片面、简单等。因此,高校的思想政治教育要坚持尊重、关怀与管理并进的原则,依法加强对大学生宗教事务的管理。     

不纯正不作为犯等价性考量的具体标准研究

等价性理论是为解决处罚不纯正不作为犯和罪刑法定原则之间的冲突而提出来。等价性是犯罪可罚的等价性,是对行为人进行处罚的根据,而不是决定行为人正犯的等价性。判断不纯正不作为犯成立在思维逻辑层面有三个步骤。等价性判断的内容是社会危害性的严重程度、犯罪性质等。等价性考量的具体标准是:(1)特别行为要素;(2)保证人地位;(3)行为人对法益侵害具有排他的支配力;(4)法益面临现实、紧迫的危险。     

基于“权力清单”、“权利清单”和“负面清单”的简政放权模式分析

简政放权是深化政府改革、加快政府职能转变的关键之举,是深化改革的总开关.选择通过“权力清单”、“权利清单”和“负面清单”实行新简政放权模式,已成为行政体制机制改革寻求新突破,进而推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的一种全新尝试.由三张“清单”夯实的简政放权模式,体现了中国特色的法治精神,也将深刻影响法治中国的整体性建设.     

基于价格影响的期货市场操纵规制理论:反思与重构

在基于价格影响的期货市场操纵规制理论中,操纵被定义为故意制造人为价格的行为。人为价格的判断依赖于替代的价格标准,即执法实践中经常采用的参照系比较方法。这种判断方法不仅证明困难,且在行政处罚听证会或法庭辩论中容易受到质疑,导致期货市场操纵问题上的监管无力。要改变此种状况,首先,在判断操纵行为是否造成人为价格时,所关注的重点应当是影响市场价格的力量和因素,而非操纵行为造成的价格是否偏离了正常供求力量下应有的价格水平。其次,应当将意图作为操纵的核心要件,运用价格影响测试的分析框架,以行为人的不正当行为和其他直接或间接证据为支撑,并辅以经济或经验分析等方法进行综合判断。最后,当行为人的操纵行为未造成或未能证明造成人为价格时,引入试图操纵进行规制。     

城市汽车保有量增长过快的影响分析

2011年,我国小汽车产销量已位居世界第一,并且还在快速增长。随着我国经济的快速发展,城市汽车保有量的增长迅速,导致城市交通状况不断恶化。文章在对我国城市汽车保有量增长过快原因分析的基础上,评估汽车保有量增长过快对人们生活带来的具体影响。     

两岸之间的文化冲突

两岸文化冲突,不仅发生在一些重大冲突事件中,而且在日常交流交往中也经常出现。本文列举两岸文化冲突在各个方面的具体表现及其对两岸关系的负面影响,指出这是两岸关系发展中的一个不可忽视的问题,希望引起双方的重视。并且指出,两岸文化冲突也有其正效应,两岸应当尊重文化的多元性,共同推动两岸文化的进步与繁荣。     

GENDER,FRIENDSHIP NETWORKS,AND DELINQUENCY: A DYNAMIC NETWORK APPROACH

Researchers have examined selection and influence processes in shaping delinquency similarity among friends, but little is known about the role of gender in moderating these relationships. Our objective is to examine differences between adolescent boys and girls regarding delinquency‐based selection and influence processes. Using longitudinal network data from adolescents attending two large schools in AddHealth (N = 1,857) and stochastic actor‐oriented models, we evaluate whether girls are influenced to a greater degree by friends’ violence or delinquency than boys (influence hypothesis) and whether girls are more likely to select friends based on violent or delinquent behavior than boys (selection hypothesis). The results indicate that girls are more likely than boys to be influenced by their friends’ involvement in violence. Although a similar pattern emerges for nonviolent delinquency, the gender differences are not significant. Some evidence shows that boys are influenced toward increasing their violence or delinquency when exposed to more delinquent or violent friends but are immune to reducing their violence or delinquency when associating with less violent or delinquent friends. In terms of selection dynamics, although both boys and girls have a tendency to select friends based on friends’ behavior, girls have a stronger tendency to do so, suggesting that among girls, friends’ involvement in violence or delinquency is an especially decisive factor for determining friendship ties.     

The influence of EU officials in European Security and Defence

Abstract

European Union (EU) foreign policy has long been considered the domaine réservé of the member states. This article challenges such conventional state-centered wisdom by analyzing the influence of the Brussels-based EU officials in the Common Security and Defence Policy. Using four case studies and data from 105 semi-structured interviews, it shows that EU officials are most influential in the agenda-setting phase and more influential in civilian than in military operations. Their prominence in agenda-setting can be explained by their central position in the policy process. This allows them to get early involved in the operations. The absence of strong control mechanisms and doctrine in civilian crisis management gives them opportunities to affect civilian missions. Finally, EU officials direct civilian operations from Brussels, whereas the command of military operations is with the member states and NATO.     

浅析泰缅边境的缅甸难民问题：缘起、现状及影响

泰缅边境的缅甸难民问题,透过内战的表象,缅甸长期的民族政治纷争与民生凋敝才是其根源所在。大量缅甸难民长期滞留在泰国境内,对泰国造成巨大负面影响的同时,却为泰北地方经济的发展贡献不菲。虽然缅甸的民主转型为缅甸的难民问题的解决带来了希望,但难民问题已经发展到了不再是单纯的缅甸内政问题,难民问题的影响已经扩散至周边国家和地区,难民问题的最终解决仍需时日。     

Going Negative

SUMMARY

In this paper we explore the relationship between candidate attack messages and news coverage during the earliest stages of the presidential nomination process. How effective are attack messages in generating media coverage? Are certain types of negative content more likely to gain coverage? Using data from the 1996 Republican presidential nomination campaign, we examine the candidate press releases that issued an attack on an opponent and the subsequent news coverage linked to it. We find that while candidates are more than willing to go negative even during the early stages of the campaign, these negative messages are no more or no less likely to generate press coverage during the early months of the presidential nomination campaign than are other types of candidate messages.