求双矩阵对策解的方法

双矩阵对策问题是一个尚未得到较一般求解方法的困难问题。该文给出了一个求双矩阵对策的解的一般方法。     

Social Utility in Ultimatum Bargaining

In this article we will provide an overview of factors that influence the weight that self-interest and equity related motives receive in ultimatum bargaining. These factors are grouped into three main categories: factors relating to the context of the game, factors relating to the parties involved, and factors related to characteristics of the game. Results of the studies are discussed in relation to the concept of social utility. The authors point out possible omissions in the literature—especially the lack of interest for the behavior of recipients—and recommend directions for future research.     

公安院校科研激励博弈分析

公安院校是我国公安科技的主要研究力量。目前公安院校普遍对教师的科研激励不够,缺乏健全的科研管理与制度措施。要运用组织行为学相关理论建立科研激励模型,结合博弈论分析公安院校教师在科研与教学,继续教育和科研项目等选择上的理性行为。     

侦破绑架人质案的博弈论原则——以“3·8”特大持枪持械绑架人质案为例

在刑事侦查中,博弈论也有应用的广阔天地.以九江"3·8"特大持枪持械绑架人质案为例进行分析,该案的成功侦破从博弈全局和博弈战略的角度上来看,体现了博弈"全胜"、"先胜"和"制胜"的三大原则,从博弈局部和博弈战术角度来看,则体现了博弈"先知与主动"、"集兵与造势"、"击弱与出奇"、"应变与拙速"和"动敌与用地"五大原则.     

论央地法律关系中的宪法主体及其利益博弈

中央与地方之间的法律关系,是宪法学上的一个基本命题,受到多方宪法主体的影响。由于宪法基础的缺失,我国央地关系的协调呈现出了较多的非理性色彩。为此,就必须透过多方宪法主体之间的博弈与互动,理解和把握央地法律关系的实质和全貌,在宪政层面上实现央地间的规范性分权,构建起制度化的公平、公正的利益博弈机制。     

Negotiating climate legislation: Policy path dependence and coalition stabilization

This article investigates the nature of policy path dependence through analysis of climate policy formation in the United States. In 2008 the US Congress attempted to pass the Lieberman–Warner bill, a comprehensive climate and energy package that would have capped greenhouse emissions and established a nationwide cap and trade program. In the same year, California successfully enacted the Global Warming Solutions Act. This article explores the circumstances of both cases and raises the question of why legislation at the state level was successful and took such a divergent form from legislation at the federal level. The divergence of these cases is used to highlight the nature of coalition formation and policy path dependence in the legislative process. Explanations of policy tend to gravitate toward either the generalizability of game theoretic approaches or the empirical depth of case studies. This article suggests a combined approach that uses case studies to analyze the positions and motivations of actors and to then model policy development over time. The approach examines policy through the formation and negotiation of policy coalitions. Drawing on the Advocacy Coalition Framework and omnibus analysis, the approach expands these coalition theories first by analysing legislative development at the interface of legislators and constituent interest groups, and second by adding temporal dimension to the analysis. The findings suggest that policy is path dependent in that it is negotiated between coalitions that in turn create stability in the policy process and insulate policy fields from external shocks. Policy path dependence suggests that theory alone is insufficient to predict policy outcomes; policy results depend strongly on prior policy efforts, historically and socially contingent coalitions, and the resulting framing of policy possibilities.     

论盗窃网络游戏虚拟财产行为定性的法律根据

我国司法实务对盗窃网络游戏虚拟财产的行为存在较大的分歧。其中的盗窃罪定性较为切合实际,但说理并不充分。网络游戏虚拟财产在本质上是一种债权凭证．我国法律将作为债权凭证的纸币拟制为物的先例说明完全可以将虚拟财产归入《民法通则》、《刑法》、《继承法》所规定的“其他财产”以及《物权法》所规定的“其他动产”之列。据此,盗窃网络游戏虚拟财产构成犯罪的,同时触犯盗窃罪与非法获取计算机信息系统数据罪两个罪名。属于想象竟舍,可择一重罪处断。     

地区竞争、选举政治与“一带一路”债务可持续性——剖析所谓“债务陷阱外交”论

从2017年开始,国际舆论较为频繁地使用"债务陷阱外交"描述中国"一带一路"倡议背后的战略目的。从经济角度衡量,中国给"一带一路"沿线国家的贷款条件并不苛刻,且在中国推出"一带一路"之前,大量中低收入国家的债务负担就已经出现明显增长趋势,并不存在"一带一路"引发系统性"债务陷阱"的问题。因此,"债务陷阱外交"论缺乏经济基础。进而可以发现,东道国及其所处的地区政治环境在"债务陷阱外交"论产生与传播的过程中扮演了重要角色。为此,本文构建了一个地区环境与国内政治选举相互作用的分析框架,通过比较案例研究分析了"债务陷阱外交"论在典型国家出现、传播与发挥影响的机制。"一带一路"项目往往与东道国执政者"政治捆绑",国内权力更迭导致的国家发展战略变动,为该国政府改变自身对"一带一路"的政策选择创造了空间,其所处的地区政治环境也显著影响政策变化的幅度。中国在推进"一带一路"建设时,既要与东道国进行双边互动,充分重视东道国国内不同力量的博弈,也要注意到沿线国家所处地区政治环境对该国能否持续参与"一带一路"构成制约。我们需要以一种更加多维的视角进行思考,超越传统的紧盯美国的对外政策模式,为"一带一路"的顺利实施营造更加良好的政治环境。     

博弈论维度的警察临战

博弈论是研究策略行为的科学,它研究理性的个体在相互依存时如何作出决策。警察临战具有博弈性,警察临战活动充满着多方利益与策略的博弈。基于对警察临战博弈要素和基本类型的分析,博弈论对警察临战活动具有三个层面的指导意义：观念层面,博弈论将为我们提供新的警察临战行为理念;制度层面,博弈论可以为临战制度的架构提供参考;策略层面,博弈论将为我们制定临战方案提供参考。