Secret hideouts and the adolescent experience: Hubert on the art and politics of Adrian and the Tree of Secrets

The following interview examines Hubert's creative process for his graphic novel Adrian and the Tree of Secrets (Arsenal Pulp Press, 2014). It explores his thinking about gender and the adolescent experience in the context of a range of social issues including his own Catholic upbringing. This interview culminates with a discussion about homosexuality in contemporary France, Charlie Hebdo, and larger extremism.     

Assessing the potential fire risk of laundered fabrics after contamination with emollients using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and chemometrics

Since 2010, more than 50 UK fire deaths, have been reported as linked with emollients. This prompted the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) to issue advice on their safer use in 2018. The advice was in response to concerns raised by the National Fire Chiefs Council, coroners’ reports, and flammability tests. The test results show a significant reduction in ignition time of fabrics contaminated with paraffin-based and paraffin-free skin care product residues. The MHRA report also included advice on washing clothing and bedding at high temperatures but warned this may not remove all emollient residues. This paper reports on new research on the removal of skin care products from clothing investigated by laundering contaminated 100% cotton fabric at 30, 40 and 60 °C using both biological and non-biological based detergents. As part of the experiment, non-contaminated (blank) napkin samples were included in the wash experiments to assess the possible transfer from fabrics contaminated with emollients to uncontaminated clean fabrics during washing. Washed and dried fabrics were analysed using Attenuated Total Reflectance, Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and further interpreted via principal component analysis (PCA) and network analysis. Results suggest that the majority of the 6% white soft paraffin-based lotion and paraffin-free cream were removed at all temperatures. Residues of 21% paraffin-based cream (6% light paraffin/15% white soft paraffin) remain, and more residues persist of the 100% paraffin-based ointment (5% light paraffin/95% white soft paraffin) after washing at 30, 40 and 60 °C. The wash experiments show unequivocal transfer of the 100% ointment from the contaminated napkins to clean control napkins placed within washes at 30 °C. Furthermore, residues of the ointment were observed within the machine drum, and washing machine door seal, though this did not cause secondary transfer to subsequent wash experiments. There were no differences observed when using biological versus non-biological detergents, nor when employing a pre-wash treatment in the removal of residues of the 21% cream and 100% ointment. These results suggest that a single application of an emollient when soaked and dried into a fabric is not removed by a single wash at 30, 40 or 60 °C. Instead, the residue remains a persistent potential fire risk and, its high paraffin content presents an additional fire risk via contamination of other fabrics.     

Writing women on the verge of individuality … Citizen subject,consumption and power in the nineteenth-century Swedish novel

ABSTRACT

Three letter-writing nineteenth-century heroines lay out domestic worlds to their fictional readers in which moral sentiment and norms of citizenship versus individual desire are at stake. In an era of nascent capitalism and nation building, these are aspects of significance. But what role does writing letters play? And what impact do epistolary novels have on citizenship and gender at the time? With Michel Foucault and Étienne Balibar as theoretical framework, this article discusses three epistolary novels—The Illusions (1836) by Sophie von Knorring in connection to Grannarne (1837) by Fredrika Bremer and Araminta May (1838) by Carl Jonas Love Almqvist—in order to discern how female writing produces the gendered citizen.     

浅论近期范小青短篇小说的叙事形态

在当代文学作品中，范小青的短篇小说创作在叙事形态上独树一帜。其小说的叙事形态不仅仅是对现实的表述形式，更具有整体性和宏观性，能够表现小说的精神品质和艺术特征。品读范小青新世纪以来的短篇小说，其叙述者是洞明世事的，叙述语言具有真情实意，叙述对象平凡真实，这些恰恰构成了范小青短篇小说与众不同的叙事形态。     

4F‐MDMB‐BINACA: A New Synthetic Cannabinoid Widely Implicated in Forensic Casework

This is the first report regarding the characterization of the new synthetic cannabinoid 4F‐MDMB‐BINACA. 4F‐MDMB‐BINACA was first analytically confirmed in seized drug material using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS), liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (LC‐QTOF), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Subsequent to this characterization, 4F‐MDMB‐BINACA was detected in biological specimens collected as part of forensically relevant casework, including medicolegal death investigations and drug impaired driving investigations, from a variety of regions in the United States. Further analysis of biological specimens resulted in the identification of the metabolites 4F‐MDMB‐BINACA 3,3‐dimethylbutanoic acid and 4‐OH‐MDMB‐BINACA. 4F‐MDMB‐BINACA is appearing with increasing frequency as a contributory factor in deaths, creating morbidity and mortality risks for drug users. Laboratories must be aware of its presence and impact, incorporating 4F‐MDMB‐BINACA into workflows for detection and confirmation.     

传染病防治失职罪的适用困境与刑法应对

正在经历的新冠肺炎疫情使我们更加深刻地认识到传染病防治渎职行为的严重危害.但是,刑法第409条对传染病防治失职罪的立法规定,明显存在主体范围狭窄、行为方式单一、入罪门槛过高、刑罚配置失衡等问题.为了提高传染病防治渎职犯罪的治理效能,应当及时采取扩大主体范围、增列行为方式、降低入罪门槛、科学配置刑罚等措施,提高刑法第409条罪刑规范在传染病防治渎职犯罪治理中的能力和水平.     

艾略特小说的希腊悲剧式结构

乔治·艾略特是英国19世纪著名的批判现实主义女作家。她的小说主要描写英国中部的乡村生活,书中的人物及其命运浮沉成为转型期英国社会的一个缩影。1860年出版的长篇小说《弗洛斯河上的磨房》,被公认为是一部自传体性质的小说,是艾略特的代表作;1872年发表的《米德尔马契》则被认为是她创作生涯的巅峰之作。两部小说采用了希腊悲剧式的结构,分别讲述了三位主人公悲剧性的人生境遇,生动再现并深刻批判了19世纪英国乡村的社会现实,两部作品堪称形式与内容的完美结合。     

莫言长篇小说叙事与女性化思维之隐在关系论

莫言长篇小说的叙述方式在中国当代先锋小说创作中别具一格,主要体现在其借鉴了中国古代绘画的散点透视法,并结合了幻想式心理分析方式和齐文化中的鬼神信仰叙事,这样就增强了其长篇小说既丰富又独特的叙述张力。这种以散点透视为核心的多维叙述方式与中国思维方式的女性化有着隐秘的内在关系。这是莫言长篇小说叙述的美学特点,符合现代小说艺术的发展趋势,值得进一步探讨。     

在中西比较中考察清代女性小说写作的社会意蕴

清代女性的小说通俗文学是在特定社会历史条件下女性身份和女性意识的产物。与西方女性小说比较，可以更加清楚地观照其特征。清代女作家虽然已经具有了呈现自我意识、实现自我价值的冲动和愿望，但在与男权文化的抗争时却表现得软弱无力。这既与女作家身处的时代社会有关，又受制于她们自身对男权文学陈规的顺应和屈从。对韵文文体的社会文化含义的深刻认同、女性自我意识的遮蔽、人文精神的缺失、审美功能的淡化，构建了清代女性通俗文学写作的悲剧性情境。     

浅谈林白小说中女性意识的游离现象

作为1990年代女性私语化写作的典型作家,林白小说一贯被认为是具有大胆而鲜明的女性意识的。然而,细细地品读其一些作品,却会发现她的女性意识在大胆激进中有游离现象。