China＇s Changing Development Pattern

正DATA available on the world’s two largest economies,China and the U.S.,for 2013provide an opportunity to take stock of China’s immediate economic prospects and the more general challenges facing its economic development strategy.     

全球化时代大学生的理想人格教育

理想人格教育是思瘛政治教育的一个重要内容,是促进大学生自我教育、自我完善的一个重要环节。全球化作为当今世界发展中一种不可逆转的历史潮流,对大学生的全面发展既带来机遇,也带来挑战。因而,新形势下我们要重视大学生的理想教育,强化家庭、学校和社会对大学生人格教育的作用,提高大学生自我教育能力。     

Do Small Area Fair Market Rents Reduce Racial Disparities in the Voucher Program?

ABSTRACT

A lawsuit that argued that the method used to calculate rent limits in the Housing Choice Voucher Program promoted racial segregation in Dallas, Texas, resulted in the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development developing zip code-based voucher rent limits in Dallas in 2011. This rent calculation approach was then expanded to five other demonstration sites in 2012. This article analyzes whether adjusting voucher rent limits reduces a minority household’s likelihood of living in a high-minority neighborhood, improves their likelihood of living in a higher opportunity neighborhood, and reduces the disparity in location outcomes between minority and White households in the voucher program. This article finds evidence of improvements in the location outcomes of Black and Hispanic voucher households because of the use of zip code-based rent limits, but that these results are only marginal with respect to the persistent disparities in outcomes based on race within the voucher program.     

Selling to Both Sides: The Effects of Major Conventional Weapons Transfers on Civil War Severity and Duration

Civil wars are primarily fought with small and light arms, but the availability of major conventional weapons to states and rebels can alter the nature of the war being fought. This study explores the impact of major conventional weapons transfers on civil war severity and duration. By using a recipient based approach to arms transfers, I find rebel acquisition of major conventional weapons from international sources leads to conflict escalation and deadlier conflicts. State importation of major conventional weapons is associated with longer conflicts. These findings provide researchers a means to account for rebel capabilities in civil war research and policy makers insight to limit the destructiveness of civil wars.     

Sowing seeds of change for the digital world – A response to ‘Digital opportunity: A review of intellectual property and growth’

Professor Ian Hargreaves released his independent report entitled Digital Opportunity – A Review of Intellectual Property and Growth on 18 May 2011. Hargreaves advocates strategic change and policy initiatives for the intellectual property framework in both national and international contexts. Ten recommendations are proposed, including reform of copyright licencing procedures, implementation of a digital copyright exchange, and legislative exceptions to copyright infringement, along with restructuring of systems for the grant and enforcement of patents. In this article, the authors discuss Hargreaves’ recommendations and consider how intellectual property law and policy may be used to facilitate innovation and economic growth in the modern digital world.     

Violence in Context: A Multilevel Analysis of Victim Injury in Robbery Incidents

Prior research highlights the importance of both situational variables and the broader social context in explaining the distribution of crime. It is unclear, however, whether these factors continue to influence a criminal event as it unfolds, thus affecting the severity of violence. The present study draws on developments in opportunity theory to assess the influence of situational variables and the broader social context on the severity of violence. Using incident-level data from National Incident Based Reporting System and city-level Census data, we estimated a series of multilevel models to examine the effects of location and time of day on victim injury during robberies. We also modeled cross-level interactions to observe the moderating influence of concentrated disadvantage. Findings suggest location and time of day are significantly associated with victim injury, and the broader social context conditions the effect of location on victim injury. We discuss the implications of our findings and directions for future research.     

On the Origins of the Violent Neighborhood: A Study of the Nature and Predictors of Crime‐Type Differentiation across Chicago Neighborhoods

Little of the literature on crime at the neighborhood level examines whether and why some crime types predominate in a given neighborhood over other types. Many macro‐level theories do make predictions about the sort of crimes that occur in some neighborhoods, although they remain largely untested. This study focuses on one of these theories, differential opportunity, and its predictions about the making of violent neighborhoods. Drawing on various data sources, this inquiry determines whether crime profiles differ across Chicago neighborhoods—that is, whether there is significant variation across neighborhoods on ratio of violent crimes to other crime types. Next, it also investigates whether the structural factors implicated in the differential opportunity perspective distinguish these neighborhoods or only predict the incidence of crime. The results reveal significant differences in the distribution of crimes across neighborhoods, as well as show that certain factors identify neighborhoods that favor violence over other crimes.     

成本与选择:政府与利益集团的行为逻辑

利益集团可分成三种,相应地发挥着稳压机、搅拌机和粉碎机的功能。为此,推进改革就必须在法治框架下,把各种利益集团纳入秩序轨道内,健全利益集团之间正常博弈机制,力促最后决策在动态中接近社会整体福利最大化,深化公民政治参与,积极构建社会主义和谐社会。     

转企改制浪潮下的学报及学报编辑——以重庆市高校学报改革为主线

学术性报刊主要由高等院校或科研院所主办,主要刊登自然科学及社会科学研究领域的最新成果,以繁荣学术,推动创新为宗旨。对高校而言,学术性报刊主要是学报、校报和高校主办的学术性期刊。它们的受众面窄,目前走向市场较为困难,但改制的进程事实上不可逆转。在国家新闻出版总署没有明确学术性期刊的体制、机制及转制对象、时间之前,我们应当积极地进行资源整合,为下一步改制作准备。改制对我们高校学报编辑提出了新的挑战,带来了前所未有的发展机遇。我国高校学报在经过30余年的发展之后,迎来了一个新的战略机遇期。在改革浪潮之下,我们应当从思想观念、体制机制和能力素质方面积极应对。     

转移支付在民族地区内部的财力均等化效应测量及其影响因素研究——基于19992004年县级数据的实证分析

分税制实行至今,国家不断加大对民族地区的财政转移支付规模。1999--2004年的分省（自治区）县级数据表明,转移支付后民族地区内部县际间的财力差异得到了有效控制。然而,转移支付在广西、宁夏两个自治区内部的县际间财力均等化效应并不理想。省级面板数据分析表明,转移支付的分配原则、分配规模是影响其地区内均等化效应发挥的关键性因素。民族地区应当通过采取“均等化导向”的转移支付分配原则．同时在转移支付的纵向分配上更多地向县级政府倾斜来进一步优化转移支付的地区内分配。此外,中央应特别加大对广西的转移支付力度,以避免对民族地区转移支付规模中出现“厚此薄彼”的现象。