论我国诉讼时效效力的私人自治转向——实体与程序双重视角的观察

我国《民法通则》及《关于适用〈中华人民共和国民事诉讼法〉若干问题的意见》对诉讼时效法律效力的规定实质上是一种"干预"模式,这种模式既不符合诉讼时效制度的本来目标,也不符合通过私人行为实现法律控制的国家策略,从干预模式到"自治"模式的转换势在必行。同时,那种试图通过法官释明来纠正自治模式可能带来的局限的方式并不是真正有效和适当的方式。     

THE IMPACTS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF COLLEGE INSTRUCTORS ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC AND LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES

Based on a novel data set that links college administrative information with earnings records from a state college system for both public two‐year and four‐year colleges, this study quantifies the impacts of exposure to different types of instructors during students’ initial semester in college on their subsequent academic and labor market outcomes. To minimize bias from student sorting by type of instructor, we combine course‐set fixed effects with an instrumental variables approach that exploits term‐by‐term fluctuations in faculty composition in each department, therefore controlling for both between‐ and within‐course sorting. The findings suggest that two‐year students, particularly racial minority students, have substantially higher levels of exposure to adjuncts with temporary appointments than four‐year students. Two‐year students taking a heavy course schedule with temporary adjuncts are adversely affected in college persistence and subsequent credit accumulation, and the penalty is particularly pronounced among males and racial minority students with stronger academic potential. Such negative impacts on academic outcomes do not translate into poorer short‐ to medium‐term labor market performance. In the four‐year setting, no significant distinction is identified between different types of instructors on either student academic or labor market outcomes.     

Jurisdiction size and local government effectiveness: Assessing the effects of municipal amalgamations on performance

The optimal jurisdiction size has been debated since Plato and Aristotle. A large literature has studied economic and democratic scale effects, but we have almost no knowledge of the effects of jurisdiction size on the effectiveness of local services. This is due to two methodological problems. First, selection bias and reverse causality often render change in jurisdiction size an endogenous variable. Second, there is a lack of empirical indicators of effectiveness, and most studies therefore focus on spending measures. Extant research thus studies economies of scale, leaving effectiveness of scale unexamined. We address both problems in a quasi-experimental study of public schools. Our findings from the school area indicate that jurisdiction size does not have systematic effects on effectiveness. Our analysis therefore supports recent studies of economic and democratic scale effects that indicate that the search for the optimal jurisdiction size is futile.     

醉驾和追逐竞驶行为探究

《刑法修正案（八）》将＂醉酒驾驶＂、＂追逐竞驶＂行为入罪,成立危险驾驶罪,从保护交通安全的目的来看,＂醉酒驾驶＂与＂追逐驾驶＂与原有的交通肇事罪具有一定的逻辑关系,都是出于对社会交通秩序的维护,但从构成要件来看,二者存在着明显的不同。文章深入分析了＂醉酒驾驶＂、＂追逐驾驶＂行为,体现了我国刑法的预防功能和对于公共交通安全保护预防的提前。     

深化理论武装有效性研究的初步思考

理论武装的有效性研究涉及到不同领域、不同学科，是一项复杂的系统工程。本文仅就其研究方法、重点难点及总体框架提出初步设想。理论武装有效性研究的方法主要包括调查研究、系统方法、矛盾分析等；其重点是解决理论武装的动力问题，难点是实现理论知识向信念和能力转化的问题；研究框架主要由三个部分构成，即：理论武装有效性的内涵及其评价标准，其实现条件以及主要制约因素，其提升路径。     

大学生党员的中国特色社会主义理想信念教育研究

大学生党员是新世纪党的中国特色社会主义事业的接班人,大学生党员的中国特色社会主义理想信念教育,理论学习要坚持开放性、思想转化要坚持体验性、行动落实要坚持实效性,帮助大学生党员真学、真信、真行动,真正作到咬定青山不放松,坚定不移、矢志不渝。     

“一证式”排污许可证实施的法经济学分析

当前我国实施"一证式"的综合性排污许可证制度改革虽然有效地提高了行政管理效率,但在具体实施中出现了"一刀切"执行问题,影响了环境污染排放治理绩效,乃至危及民生。深入分析管制者的成本效益逻辑、管制者和被管制者之间的博弈、以及排污许可政策的公共选择,可以发现一刀切实施的经济动因。要根除一刀切模式,同时改进排污许可证实施效率,应从命令控制型手段主导渐次过渡到可交易的排污许可证,从政府集中管制主导渐次过渡到国家治理主导,从环境政策主导渐次过渡到环境法治主导。     

新时代党建引领乡村治理创新的路径研究

在新的时代条件下,将制度优势更好地转化为治理效能,既是一个重大的理论问题,也是一个重大的现实问题。党建引领乡村治理是实现制度优势向治理效能转化相关领域的一个重要体现。改革开放40年的发展,乡村治理面临社会阶层分化、治理主体缺位、党组织建设不完善等困境,进一步提升乡村治理效能迫在眉睫。理论分析基层党建与乡村治理的逻辑机理,发现:党的领导是乡村治理的领导核心、党的建设是乡村振兴进程中的坚强堡垒、创新基层治理是巩固党的执政根基的客观要求。新时代提升乡村治理效能必须坚持以党建为引领、以基层为主体、以人民为中心、以问题为导向、以创新为手段、以制度为保障,构建乡村治理新格局。     

One village one product: evaluations and lessons learnt from OVOP aid projects

The One Village One Product project that originated in Japan's Oita Prefecture is just one component of many official Japanese development assistance projects aiming to promote rural development in more than 30 countries. Not all efforts, however, result in the same level of sustainability. Oita Prefecture built its movement on three principles: local yet global, self-reliance and creativity, and human resources development. The projects that satisfy these principles are generally found to be sustainable. These principles can also be applicable to overseas projects.