试论职务犯罪侦查人力资源配置

党的十七大明确提出了坚持以人为本,树立全面、协调、可持续的科学发展观。它的提出是对发展内涵、发展要义,发展本质的进一步深化认识与创新,对推动各项事业的健康发展具有重大的意义。本文试图以科学发展观为研究视角,从职务犯罪侦查人力资源优化配置的维度作为论证重点,以期构建权威、高效、公正的职务犯罪侦查机制。     

论邓小平决策思想的价值选择

人民群众的利益高于一切,是邓小平决策思想的根本特点,也是邓小平决策思想的价值选择。为人民群众谋利益,是一切决策的出发点和落脚点。坚持从群众中来、到群众中去,是决策制定的基本途径。人民群众的利益和意愿,是决策评判的价值标准。人民群众的伟大实践,是决策完善的重要依据。     

Elections and landmark policies in Tanzania and Uganda

Much of the relevant literature on Africa downplays the salience of elections for policy-making and implementation. Instead, the importance of factors such as clientelism, ethnicity, organized interest groups, and donor influence, is emphasized. We argue that, in addition, elections now motivate political elites to focus on policies they perceive to be able to gain votes. This is based on analyses of six landmark decisions made during the last 15 years in the social, productive, and public finance sectors in Tanzania and Uganda. Such policies share a number of key characteristics: they are clearly identifiable with the party in power; citizens are targeted countrywide; and policy implementation aims at immediate, visible results.     

The role of epistemic communities: local think tanks,international practitioners and security sector reform in Kosovo

ABSTRACT

Security sector reform (SSR) in Kosovo remains complex and challenging. The existing approach is heavily driven by international agencies. This article addresses the question: What role is played by local research in Kosovo’s SSR? This study focuses on the challenges that local research poses to internationally led SSR in Kosovo, and the contribution that local researchers make to the decision-making of international practitioners. In Kosovo, local research organizations produce research analysing and critiquing international SSR and offering alternative approaches. The study builds on existing studies of epistemic communities and research use in policy-making and new evidence based on the author’s interview survey of researchers and policy-makers in Kosovo. The article argues that focusing on the interaction between local researchers and international policy practitioners provides valuable insight into the construction of Kosovo’s SSR. The study deconstructs the structures, processes and agencies at the heart of the local/international relationship. It explains how local research on topics of security, justice and rule of law, and its interaction with international practitioners, challenges international SSR and contributes to international SSR decision-making.     

Flexible enforcement and fine adjustment

This paper considers the level of, and changes in, optimal noncompliance penalties under the following conditions: (i) where the regulator responsible for setting policy parameters, such as a penalty, is different from (and thus may have a different objective from) the regulator responsible for enforcing existing regulations; and (ii) where enforcement behavior changes from one in which enforcers are unresponsive to overtures on the part of firms to increase compliance to one in which enforcers are responsive to such overtures. The model developed shows that when enforcers “switch” from unresponsive to responsive enforcement, the optimal penalties for noncompliance need to be reduced. The analysis also gives insights as to what variables dictate the degree of penalty reduction.     

治理理论视角下的逆境政策制定

治理理论认为，逆境状态下的政策制定，首先要认识到政策问题与以往相比的变化。然后组织各社会主体参与政策制定，合并组成大政府部门，政策制定时要进行相应的风险预测和管理。     

政府提供公共产品的逻辑探讨

随着市场化造成的负外部性日益增多以及人们普遍的交往和生活的富裕,人们对公共产品的要求也在同步提高。政府在公共产品提供中承担主要责任,但在制度设计有缺陷的情况下,公共产品的提供往往是无效率的。这种无效率的公共产品提供又总会成为众矢之的。从多中心的视角改革传统的公共产品政府提供机制,引导市场主体和非营利组织参与公共服务的竞争性生产,提高公共产品的产出效率,将是政府治道变革非常迫切的现实任务。     

政府"失灵"及其克服的途径

政府失灵来自政府本身的缺陷和政府对经济的不恰当干预.克服政府失灵首先必须避免政府职能越位和政府缺位.原则应是政府补充,而不是代替市场.其次应引入竞争机制,建立市场导向型政府.同时在政府内部引入激励机制,使政府像企业那样思考.为了避免由于政府干预经济而带来的外部性问题,应尽量减少政府对经济的干预.对于政府收入再分配政策导致的低效率和不公平问题,解决的思路是设法降低公共福利制度的运行费用.对于利益集团操纵政策带来的不公平问题,解决的思路是修正公共政策的决策规则,约束立法行为和决策行为.其目标是实现政府与市场之间的均衡.     

论公共决策系统的活动特质及其风险

公共决策系统在公共政策制定的过程中具有自身独特的活动特质．其决策行为具有相对独立性、目标指向性。行为选择性和利益倾向性。公共决策系统在公共决策过程中存在着多种风险因素，如决策信息的完备性程度、决策程守的规范化程度和决策方法的科学化程度等。因此，必须采取相应的对策，强化公共决策信息系统，提高决策信息的完备性程度；加强对公共决策的监督，促进决策的规范化和民主化；吸收现代决策科学的理论和方法，提升决策方法的科学化程度．从而降低公共决策风险．提高公共决策的效率和质量。     

健全党的决策监督机制

作为执政党 ,尤其是作为无产阶级的执政党 ,中国共产党为了保证自己的领导决策符合人民的利益 ,就必须自觉地建立起一套科学有效的决策监督机制。本文从我们党的决策监督的实际出发 ,分析了党的决策监督机制的构成和功能 ,对党的决策监督机制存在的问题进行了探讨 ,并提出了健全党的决策监督机制的措施和方法。