The law of concentrations of crime at place: the case of Tel Aviv-Jaffa

Weisburd, Groff, and Yang argue that there is a ‘law of concentrations of crime at place’ within cities. In this paper, we provide a test for this proposition in Tel Aviv-Jaffa. We found that crime concentrations at street segments in 2010 were remarkably similar to those observed in American cities. About 4.5% of the street segments produced approximately 50% of the crime, and about 1% of street segments produced 25% of crime. Our study provides important verification of the broad applicability of the law of crime concentrations at place.     

《鹿特丹规则》“法定仲裁地”规定研究

仲裁地通常由当事人在仲裁协议中约定,《鹿特丹规则》则规定对承运人提起索赔的一方可在仲裁协议约定地点以外的特定地点提起仲裁,“法定”仲裁地规定由此产生.从《鹿特丹规则》规定“法定仲裁地”的目的出发,对《鹿特丹规则》“法定仲裁地”规定加以详细剖析,指出其在实施过程中可能遭遇的障碍.鉴于“法定仲裁地”规定系《鹿特丹规则》的选择适用内容,中国没有必要立即将其引入国内法,而应当在仲裁法中构建仲裁地制度和临时仲裁制度,为其将来在中国的实施作准备.     

女性受教育水平和夫妻依恋风格对夫妻婚姻满意度的影响

为考察女性受教育水平和夫妻依恋风格对婚姻满意度的影响,对246对夫妻进行了问卷调查。结果发现,妻子受过高等教育,丈夫婚姻满意度较高;夫妻经常一起做事,夫妻双方的婚姻满意度均较高;对于男性和女性,夫妻依恋风格均可以显著预测其婚姻满意度,依恋安全性高的个体婚姻满意度较高。     

From sacrum to profanum: reinterpretation of communist places of power in Baltic cities

Places always represent the social and cultural dimensions of societies, seen through relationships between ideas, beliefs, and hopes. Places and their social practices are interwoven into the urban fabric and have become vital components of urban and ideological identities. Ideological systems create unique arrangements and classifications of those special places, which can be called “hallowed” or “profaned.” This project focuses on the recent transformation of the communist system of “sacral” spaces and their recent “profanation.” The transformation of meaning, together with the use and attitude toward landscape, has become visible due to spatial and functional manifestations of post-socialist cities.     

论欧盟法中跨国企业集团破产的管辖权

跨国企业集团是由在各国成立的不同法律实体以某种形式的控制权或所有权相互连结而形成的经济组织。在欧盟破产法中,跨国企业集团破产管辖权可以分成两个层次:一是基于债务人主要利益中心地的管辖;二是基于债务人营业所所在地的管辖。     

论法律意义上的仲裁地点及其确定

结合国际商事仲裁立法与实践 ,阐述了法律意义上的仲裁地点的含义 ,仲裁地点、开庭地点与仲裁庭合议地点之间的联系与区别 ,以及仲裁地点的确定方法。结合我国有关确定仲裁地点的立法与实践 ,提出了准确地确定仲裁地点对于不断地完善我国现行国际仲裁和国内仲裁立法 ,具有重要的理论与实践的意义。     

Race,Place, and Police-Caused Homicide in U.S. Municipalities

We test structural hypotheses regarding police-caused homicides of minorities. Past research has tested minority threat and community violence hypotheses. The former maintains that relatively large minority populations are subjectively perceived as threats and experience a higher incidence of police-caused homicide than whites do, the latter that higher rates of violent crime among minorities create objective threats that explain these disparities. That research has largely ignored some important issues, including: alternative specifications of the minority threat hypothesis; the place hypothesis, which maintains highly segregated minority populations are perceived as especially threatening by police; and police-caused homicide in the Hispanic population. Using data for large U.S. cities, we conducted total-incidence and group-specific analyses to address these issues. A curvilinear minority threat hypothesis was supported by the Hispanic group-specific findings, whereas the place hypothesis found strong support in both total and group-specific analyses. These results provide new insights into patterns of police-caused homicide.     

Mother–infant separations in prison. A systematic attachment-focused policy review

Abstract

Mothers in prison separated from their young children are an overlooked group. Attachment theory could provide a useful model to underpin interventions and better support women affected by separation from their infants. Current policy draws on a limited body of evidence and research has developed considerably since its first design. This review systematically searched all relevant UK prison policy and government documents with regards to mother and child separation in prison and analysed the extent to which these documents draw on attachment theory. Following initial searches, 58 documents were thematically analysed. Attachment was implicitly referred to in most documents but only explicitly mentioned in four. Global themes identified included ‘separation as trauma’. However, document groups varied in focusing either on the mother or the child and there were no joint perspectives. Developing and researching specific attachment-informed interventions might be one way forward as would further attachment-based research in this area.