学习型政府组织:政府生态理论的价值厘定

学习型政府组织是顺应全球化信息化浪潮对行政环境的置换。它可以推动政府系统的开放化和政府行为的社会整合能力,是一个面向民众、面向公务员、面向世界的“生态政府”,是政府生态理论和政治学发展观的价值回归。     

产品质量法律制度的生态化思考

产品质量法律制度的生态化是一个值得研究的问题.人际同构理论是其法哲学依据,经济法的生态化是其部门法依据;而环境日益恶化、绿色贸易壁垒是其现实依据.具体来说,要完善产品的"绿色"质量标准,包括绿色技术标准、绿色环境标志、绿色卫生检验制度等.产品的包装也要符合生态化要求,同时要扩大生产者的责任.对不同的产品制定相应的环保标准.     

“营造良好党内政治生态”命题的演进、路径与举措

新时代中国共产党落实"以人民为中心"执政理念,必须营造良好党内政治生态。"营造良好党内政治生态"命题经历了萌芽、提出、形成和发展等阶段的演进。营造良好党内政治生态是全面从严治党的题中应有之义。新时代推进全面从严治党,营造良好党内政治生态,必须以严肃党内政治生活为切入点,以建设党内良好政治文化为根本点,以严明党的纪律规矩为支撑点,以抓好高级干部为关键点。     

The Wasteland in the City: on Concrete Garden from the Angle of Ecology

The novel Cement Garden written by Ian McEwan shows a kind of feature as wasteland in ecological criticism. From the perspective of natural ecology, the natural environment in the novel is very bad, which is mainly reflected in the remoteness of geographical location, and the filth and corruption of the living environment. From the perspective of social ecology, the relationship between the characters has been seriously distorted, mainly reflected in the loss of the bond of love. From the perspective of spiritual ecology, the characters in the novel have different neurological personalities, which lead to their inner imbalance.     

Estimating Time Since Death from Postmortem Human Gut Microbial Communities

Postmortem succession of human‐associated microbial communities (“human microbiome”) has been suggested as a possible method for estimating postmortem interval (PMI) for forensic analyses. Here we evaluate human gut bacterial populations to determine quantifiable, time‐dependent changes postmortem. Gut microflora were repeatedly sampled from the proximal large intestine of 12 deceased human individuals as they decayed under environmental conditions. Three intestinal bacterial genera were quantified by quantitative PCR (qPCR) using group‐specific primers targeting 16S rRNA genes. Bacteroides and Lactobacillus relative abundances declined exponentially with increasing PMI at rates of N_t = 0.977e^?0.0144t (r² = 0.537, p < 0.001) and N_t = 0.019e^?0.0087t (r² = 0.396, p < 0.001), respectively, where N_t is relative abundance at time (t) in cumulative degree hours. Bifidobacterium relative abundances did not change significantly: N_t = 0.003e^?0.002t (r² = 0.033, p = 0.284). Therefore, Bacteroides and Lactobacillus abundances could be used as quantitative indicators of PMI.     

生态补偿制度的理论基础分析

松花江事件的爆发,俄国向中国要求生态补偿的费用引发了学界对生态补偿制度新一轮讨论,在此次讨论中,大家主要集中在我国目前到底要不要建立生态补偿制度,为什么要建立生态补偿制度,如何建立生态补偿等问题来讨论生态补偿制度的构建,相反而对生态补偿制度的基础理论讨论则相对较少。本文从经济学、生态伦理学、法学的视角出发对生态补偿的理论基础进行了归纳分析,希望通过理论的探讨为生态补偿的理论构建和实务操作提供一些帮助。     

Deepening,and repairing,the metabolic rift

This paper critically assesses the metabolic rift as a social, ecological, and historical concept describing the disruption of natural cycles and processes and ruptures in material human-nature relations under capitalism. As a social concept, the metabolic rift presumes that metabolism is understood in relation to the labour process. This conception, however, privileges the organisation of labour to the exclusion of the practice of labour, which we argue challenges its utility for analysing contemporary socio-environmental crises. As an ecological concept, the metabolic rift is based on outmoded understandings of (agro) ecosystems and inadequately describes relations and interactions between labour and ecological processes. Historically, the metabolic rift is integral to debates about the definitions and relations of capitalism, industrialism, and modernity as historical concepts. At the same time, it gives rise to an epistemic rift, insofar as the separation of the natural and social worlds comes to be expressed in social thought and critical theory, which have one-sidedly focused on the social. We argue that a reunification of the social and the ecological, in historical practice and in historical thought, is the key to repairing the metabolic rift, both conceptually and practically. The food sovereignty movement in this respect is exemplary.     

Power,politics and policy in the appropriation of urban wetlands: the critical case of Sri Lanka

Little is known about the drivers and governance strategies of appropriation of urban nature in the global south. We compare urban land-grabbing in the city of Colombo, Sri Lanka, with broader understanding of rural land-grabbing in the developing world. We show that the colonial legacy of appropriation and alteration of urban wetlands in Colombo has attained new heights in the neo-liberal period. This cyclical process has caused acute irreversible damage to the wetland ecosystem and a vast majority of the urban poor, with the marginalised continuing to suffer dispossession and environmental hazard. In recognition of the inherent limitations of ‘uncontrollable’ hybrid ecologies, potent social struggles have emerged to resist the continued appropriation agenda. As this cycle is perpetuated, broader social struggles for democratic urban governance have overtaken the pursuit of narrow political-economic goals and internal policy reform.     

云南党建经验的政治生态学分析

运用政治生态学的理论和方法分析中国共产党云南地方党组织在党建上的经验,可以发现,维持开放的边界、提供合格的生态因子、合理的内部联系、自组织性、自我净化为党组织的生存和发展、系统的演化和新陈代谢提供了弹性、张力和内原动力。     

基层法院的执行生态与非均衡执行

执行生态是指法院执行活动所处的环境和氛围,主要包括组织纵向生态、横向生态组成的法院内生态,以及政治生态、经济生态和社会生态组成的法院外生态。对基层法院的调研表明,当前执行工作面临的来自法院外生态的压力过大,这些压力包括政治生态的治理压力、经济生态的救济压力和社会生态的互动压力,而法院内部生态也在一定程度上加大了这些压力。执行生态的过重压力催生出法院对非均衡执行策略的需求与偏好,导致法院一方面通过终结本次执行及执行和解来规避压力,另一方面通过周期性启动运动式执行来缓解压力。非均衡执行策略容易诱发执行不规范现象,有损执行权威。要实现"切实解决执行难"的目标,需要改善执行生态,弱化法院对非均衡执行策略的需求,其中的关键是要建构社会场景下的执行权威,实现良性的执行生态与能动的均衡执行的相互促进。