从罪犯到地点：犯罪空间防控的兴起

街面犯罪的持续暴涨引发了各界对潜在罪犯的犯罪防控模式的反思,犯罪地理学的发展、美国地点警务的日臻成熟与上述反思一道,促成了基于城市犯罪聚集热点的空间防控的兴起。犯罪的空间防控为警务应对的改进、平安中国建设的完善及防卫空间刑事政策的发展带来了全新的尝试与改良的契机。     

为礼所缚的汉代皇权——有关礼之规范功能的一个考察

在中国古代,礼无疑是一套自洽的规范。法律史学界一般只论及礼对法典的影响,很少探讨礼本身,更缺乏对礼治场景的细节性分析。由于汉朝是儒家占据意识形态统治地位的初始阶段,因此汉朝皇权与礼制的关系是考察这一问题的有效切入点。在汉代,董仲舒"天人三策"之后,儒家思想与皇权的关联性日益强化,学习儒术出身的官员或者说儒吏的数量也不断增加。在这种情况下,皇帝对礼制的守护将博得儒吏群体的忠心和支持,他对礼制的违反则将导致儒吏群体的口诛笔伐。礼的规范功能正是在皇帝与儒吏群体的互动中体现出来的,它所蕴含的独特法律意味也因此获得阐释。     

公立高校与教师的法律关系——以特别权力关系为视角

特别权力关系是行政法的一个重要理论,对此我国理论界已有广泛、深入的研究,但公立高校与教师之间法律关系的性质如何确定在理论上还存在一定的分歧,有观点认为二者是民事合同关系。本文试图从特别权力关系的角度来审视我国公立高校与教师之间的法律关系。     

改写历史的两种手法:再论劳动教养制度改革

劳动教养的强制性质不足以表达教育的真谛;短期隔离式保安处分也未能实现预防再犯的目的;由公安机关聆询程序改为司法控制,确实有可能大幅减少被处分对象的数量,但这却引出了有无改制和立法必要的重大议题.改写历史的另一手法是:将收容教养、强制医疗、强制戒毒各自归属刑法、刑事诉讼法以及禁毒法调整,同时借刑法修正之势,通过有限犯罪化,分流那些处于犯罪边缘的原劳教人员.     

清末君主立宪话语中的帝制问题

君主立宪改革是清廷再造儒家思想的一次尝试,也是清廷翻新帝制传统的最后努力。在立宪求富强的语境下,清廷希望新宪法能实现政治的转型、统治权的合理化、新的规训秩序和国家的统一与强盛。1908年的《宪法大纲》甚至出现了将皇位变成一个公共职位的趋势。同时,这部宪法也致力于创建新的官僚制度、将全体人民"民族化"、"公民化"以及实现皇权功能的法律化。     

历史·范式·结构:犯罪学中的风险开示

在20世纪末,风险已成为占据主要支配力的问题处理方式。对于犯罪学来说,关于风险的争论已经贯穿在研究的全部范畴内。犯罪学中的风险理论经历了从隐性到显性的知识发展。在犯罪控制范式转变中,风险的规制、维控与治理与犯罪的预防、控制与治理分别对应而形成了以回抗、维控、化解风险压力为导向的控制结构。同时,作为犯罪控制结构要素的控制主体、控制措施与控制客体的任一环节的自反性都将使犯罪控制的运行超出设计初衷而出现风险性。犯罪学中的风险理论是犯罪学与风险学科的交叉研究理论,也存在由于风险的不确定性在犯罪治理中的适用所引发的一系列争议性问题。由此,风险议题在解决我国司法实践难题时显得尤为重要。     

Rambling through the fields of justice in search of well-being for all

The article looks at basic questions of what constitutes a justice that takes into account the needs of all people. Thus an attempt is made to outline some of the basic tenets of a needs-based justice.     

Ben L. Reitman,MD: colorful critical criminologist

Ben Reitman, a medical doctor, fought throughout his life for greater sympathetic understanding of and assistance to American’s underdogs. He spent his early years living among social outcasts and riding the rails with hobos. He then teamed up with Emma Goldman to advance her political agenda of anarchist ideas and in support of free speech. After an amiable split with Goldman, he worked in Chicago, treating prostitutes, performing illegal abortions, combating venereal disease, and battling to make birth control information freely available. Reitman also associated with several of the prominent members of the University of Chicago’s stellar sociology faculty and contributed importantly to their studies of urban life.     

Gang activity in English prisons: The prisoners’ perspective

Abstract

Gang activity in American prisons has resulted in serious problems for prisoners and staff. This study assessed prisoners’ perceptions of gang-event frequency in the UK. Interviews with 360 prisoners from nine prisons in England and Wales indicated gang-related events were perceived as more frequent in all male categories of prison than they were in female institutions. Prisoners reported drug possession and prisoner groups being formed along regional origins as the most frequent gang-related activities. Recidivists perceived higher levels of gang-related activity than did first-time prisoners. Gang-related variables also predicted prisoners’ perceptions that groups of prisoners have more control over events in the prison than do staff and that order in the prison may not be maintained. The merits of interviewing prisoners and the implications of the results for maintaining order in prison are discussed.     

National Parliamentary Control of EU Policy: The Challenge of Supranational Institutional Development

The history of the EU is characterised by rapid and complex institutional development. This leaves European Affairs Committees (EACs) in national parliaments with a moving target problem in their endeavours to control the government's EU policies. This paper investigates how EACs react to this challenge. Building on the rational delegation literature, it is argued that EACs are likely to adapt control instruments in tandem with institutional changes at the supranational level. Using McCubbins and Schwartz (1984, American Journal of Political Science, 28, 165–179), it is further argued that EACs are likely to want to impose both police patrol and fire alarm control on the government. These arguments are investigated in the case of Denmark during the 50-year period since the first Danish application for EU membership in 1961, and considerable support is found for the authors' hypotheses.