"非典"心理意义的性别比较

本研究采用联想组合分析法,比较了“非典”一词在“非典”期间对男女大学生的心理意义,受试为京、沪、穗、港、台520名大学生。结果发现,男性的非典视角以“病”为中心,重“硬”信息,重群体控制和治疗;女性的非典视角以“人”为中心,重“软”信息,重个人预防。在主观反应中,男性的负面情绪联想高于女性;女性的负面判断联想高于男性。这些结果与以往应激反应中“脆弱性”的性别差异研究有所不同,可从社会性别视角加以解释。     

The Role of Shame in Predicting Adult Anger and Depressive Symptoms Among Victims of Child Psychological Maltreatment

Previous research on child maltreatment and adult outcomes has failed to consider affective reactions to the maltreatment, which may play a critical role in victim outcomes. One such affective reaction—shame—may help to explain this relationship. In the context of maltreatment, feelings of shame are seen as a natural extension of the helplessness experienced by many victims of child maltreatment [Finkelhor, D., and Browne, A. (1986). Initial and long-term effects: A conceptual framework. In Finkelhor, D. (ed.), A Sourcebook on Child Sexual Maltreatment, Sage, Newbury Park, CA, pp. 180–198]. The current study examined the moderating role of shame in the relationship between victim reactions to child psychological maltreatment and adult anger and depressive symptoms. Results showed that shame moderated between child psychological maltreatment and adult anger for men but not for women, whereas shame moderated between child psychological maltreatment and depressive symptoms for adult women. Presence of gender-related differences suggests that gender should be considered in the design and development of therapeutic techniques for the treatment and prevention of anger and depression in adult survivors of child psychological maltreatment.     

试析高校贫困生群体心理问题的社会影响、成因及其对策

目前高校贫困生所出现的群体性的心理问题,严重影响了贫困生的身心发展和学业进步,也影响了高等教育的整体效果。文章认为应对贫困生进行有效的世界观、人生观、价值观的教育,建立疏导机制、激励机制,通过进行心理调适等方式,鼓励贫困生超越自我,帮助贫困生战胜心理障碍。     

司法心理测试在侦破内盗案件中的应用

在对司法心理测试进行的实验研究和现场研究中,司法心理测试用于侦破内盗案件成功率很高,内盗案件的性质及测试条件适合使用心理测试技术,被测人所处地位以及劝导说服式的测后谈话对被测人的心理影响很大。     

中国犯罪心理测试技术研究应用现状与展望

中国犯罪心理测试技术的研究与应用,必须立足中国本土的实践。实践证明,照抄照搬美国测谎理论和方法,仿制美式仪器简单机械地应用是十分错误的。在党中央提出加强科技自主创新的今天,《中国犯罪心理测试技术应用教程纲要》一书,已成为我国自主研创的基本理论和基本方法的结晶,已成为大学相关专业研究生、本科生、专科生的必读教材。中国自主研创的犯罪心理测试技术理论和方法亟需推广和普及。     

酒精中毒性犯罪及其心理预防

本文从变态心理学、犯罪学的角度,对酒精中毒与犯罪的关系进行了探讨,根据酒精中毒性犯罪形成、发展的特点,提出了有针对性的三种心理预防方法。     

论刑讯逼供的心理成因及对策

刑讯逼供现象的心理原因主要在于一些警察存在的认知偏差、情绪控制能力差、办案能力差、心理健康状况不佳及自我意识上的偏差。解决刑讯逼供问题的心理对策包括建立符合警察职业特点的教育训练模式 ,落实警察招收中的心理选拔环节 ,加强教育训练的针对性 ,以全面提高警察队伍的办案能力及自我控制能力。     

Economic Stress,Psychological Well-Being and Problem Behavior in Chinese Adolescents with Economic Disadvantage

The association between perceived economic stress (current economic hardship and future economic worry) and adolescent adjustment was examined in 229 Chinese adolescents using children and parental reports of perceived economic stress. Parents displayed higher levels of current economic hardship and future economic worry than their children did and mothers had more worry about their children's economic conditions in future than the fathers had. Higher levels of economic stress based on ratings obtained from different sources were generally related to lower levels of existential well-being, life satisfaction, self-esteem, and mastery as well as higher levels of general psychiatric morbidity and substance abuse in adolescents. Relative to current economic stress perceived by adolescents, future economic worry perceived by adolescents was more strongly related to the psychological well-being of Chinese adolescents with economic disadvantage.     

“色诱”抢劫案件及其侦防对策

＂色诱＂抢劫犯罪案件是近几年频发的侵财案件之一,此类案件不仅在经济发达、外商较多的东南沿海地区呈上升趋势,而且在北方大中等城市时有发生,并有向中西部城市蔓延的态势。因此严厉打击＂色诱＂抢劫案件是公安机关当前首要任务之一,对＂色诱＂抢劫犯罪案件的发案规律特点,犯罪人、被害人双方的心理状态进行分析研究,并提出行之有效的侦防对策,对当前的公安工作、保障人民生活有着现实意义。     

论反劫持谈判的谈判距离

反劫持谈判之距离,不能机械地以近距离或远距离来判定谈判效果的优劣,而应服从解救行动整体方案,以遵循“安全距离”为原则,以缩短“心理距离”为策略,以“可控制距离”为尺度,确保反劫持行动取得最大机率、最大限度的成功。