申论考试视野下的公安院校大学语文教学思考

作为一门人文应用型学科,大学语文是语言的工具基础教育与人文审美教育的综合。但是,目前公安院校大学语文教学中却普遍存在着“重人文、轻实用”的语文能力培养缺位现象。拟在申论考试视野下,反思和重新定位公安院校大学语文教学,这对提高学生综合素质和就业竞争力有着至关重要的意义。     

恶意透支型信用卡诈骗罪相关问题研究

信用卡诈骗罪逐渐成为高发的金融犯罪。建议根据登记持卡人和实际持卡人不一致的具体情况,确定恶意透支信用卡诈骗罪主体,谨慎推定持卡的人非法占有的目的,区分恶意透支和善意透支,统一对催收要件行为认定和时间计算的认识,完善对恶意透支信用卡诈骗罪的法律规制。     

A Simple Solubility Tests for the Discrimination of Acrylic and Modacrylic Fibers

In a crime scene investigation, single fibers play an important role as significant trace physical evidence. Acrylic fibers are frequently encountered in forensic analysis. Currently, acrylic and modacrylic are not discriminated clearly in Japan. Only results of FT‐IR, some of acrylics were difficult to separate clearly to acrylic and modacrylic fibers. Solubility test is primitive but convenient useful method, and Japan Industrial Standards (JIS) recommends FT‐IR and solubility test to distinguish acrylic and modacrylic fibers. But recommended JIS dissolving test using 100% N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent, some acrylics could not be discriminated. In this report, we used DMF and ethanol (90:10, v/v) solvent. The JIS method could not discriminate 6 acrylics in 60 acrylics; hence, DMF and ethanol (90:10, v/v) solvent discriminated 59 of the 60 fibers (43 acrylic and 16 modacrylic fibers) clearly, but only one modacrylic fiber incorrectly identified as acrylic.     

中国改革深水区的法律试验新难题和基本思路——— 以中国(上海)自由贸易试验区的制度体系构建为主线

上海自贸区的法制环境建设是改革试验不可或缺的核心组成部分。但是,已步入改革深水区的此次制度创新的力度和尺度之大、难度之高,使得相应的这场法律试验面临极大的挑战。它在立法框架上的基本立场,是转向和接轨于国际标准规则的新多边主义;在执法体制上,期望通过简政放权而取得新政治体制的突破;在救济体系上,虽然相应司法机构的安排只能是“框架内的微调”,但其拥有更多的法之外权衡空间,以及一系列多元性的处置原则和通道。在此基础上,真正实现从“法律试验”到“制度转型”的进化,且不能忽视制度构建的微观视角,要充分考量改革后执法监管体制的可复制,以及法外之地的专业多元解纷机制。     

法医毒物检验技术方法的质量要求

本文通过对73个法医毒物检验方法进行综合分析,从技术方法的质量特性上对方法的建立与确认提出质量要求.即从内部质量和外部质量的角度,针对法庭科学领域毒物检验技术方法,阐述其功能性、可靠性、易用性和有效性四个维度要求.     

Predicting public support for the use of license plate recognition technology by police

The use of license plate recognition technology (LPR) by police is becoming increasingly common. LPR may be used for many purposes, ranging from stolen vehicle enforcement to more complex surveillance and predictive functions. Existing research does not examine community support for this technology, despite its potential to impact police legitimacy. Results from the first community LPR survey are presented and multinomial logistic regression models of citizen support for the technology are developed. Regression results suggest that a number of factors significantly predict citizen support for LPR use, including increased trust in police and the belief that LPR information is public information.     

Psychopathy,intelligence and emotional responding in a non-forensic sample: an experimental investigation

This study examined the relationships between psychopathy (primary and secondary), intelligence and emotional responding in a sample of 50 university students, using a task measuring autonomic responses to 40 pictorial stimuli (20 neutral and 20 emotionally provoking). Results indicated no significant direct relationship between primary or secondary psychopathy and emotional response, or primary or secondary psychopathy and intelligence. However, a significant moderating effect of intelligence on the association between both psychopathy factors and emotional response was observed, indicating those scoring higher on psychopathy but with lower intelligence portray the expected emotional responses to the affective stimuli (primary: β?=??.56, p?β?=?.80, p?<?.001). These findings indicate abnormal reactivity to emotional stimuli in lower intelligence, higher psychopathic individuals, and suggest differing roles for the two facets of psychopathy in affective responsiveness deviations.     

基于语料库的“普通话”地域性言语识别技术

目的探究汉语＂普通话＂中的地域性差别,发现言语特征,找到从有限的以普通话发音的语音材料中提取出更多地域性特征的途径和方法,提高地域性言语识别技术水平,更有效地为案件分析定向服务。方法在建立较大规模的《面向案件言语识别应用的汉语＂普通话＂语料库》及查询检索系统的基础上,进行统计分析、归纳总结。结果人们说普通话时会在声母、韵母、声调、重音、儿化、轻声等语音方面和词汇、语法等方面不同程度地出现其母语方言的固有特点。我们可以采用＂以调值特征为中心,声韵特征相结合＂、＂利用各类特征的总和进行综合评断＂等方法进行识别。结论利用＂普通话＂语声进行言语人地域性识别是一种切实可行的技术方法。     

基于机器学习的指纹识别技术

指纹识别技术是重要的刑事侦查手段,也是图像识别领域具有代表性的一类模式识别问题。本文通过对机器学习算法的研究和分析,将目前流行的学习算法应用于指纹识别问题,以提高指纹识别系统的识别速度和学习算法的泛化能力。     

Addressing the National Academy of Sciences' challenge: a method for statistical pattern comparison of striated tool marks

In February 2009, the National Academy of Sciences published a report entitled "Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward." The report notes research studies must be performed to "…understand the reliability and repeatability…" of comparison methods commonly used in forensic science. Numerical classification methods have the ability to assign objective quantitative measures to these words. In this study, reproducible sets of ideal striation patterns were made with nine slotted screwdrivers, encoded into high-dimensional feature vectors, and subjected to multiple statistical pattern recognition methods. The specific methods employed were chosen because of their long peer-reviewed track records, widespread successful use for both industry and academic applications, rely on few assumptions on the data's underlying distribution, can be accompanied by standard confidence levels, and are falsifiable. For PLS-DA, correct classification rates of 97% or higher were achieved by retaining only eight dimensions (8D) of data. PCA-SVM required even fewer dimensions, 4D, for the same level of performance. Finally, for the first time in forensic science, it is shown how to use conformal prediction theory to compute identifications of striation patterns at a given level of confidence.