机动车登记中的物权保护问题探析

对于机动车的权属问题,有必要立足于物权的基本原理,从私法和公法的双重角度进行理论分析和立法调整。本文认为,机动车登记行为具有行政确认和行政许可的双重法律属性,公安机关在办理机动车登记中对相关事实的审查属于实质审查。《物权法》对机动车登记效力采取的是登记对抗主义而非登记要件主义。对于登记中的错误应区分具体情形,采取不同的方式予以补救。对于第三人善意购买的被盗抢机动车,应当采取有偿回复的方式予以处理,不宜不加区分地予以追缴。     

论科技证据的科学性判断标准及构建

“科技证据”是否科学,能否进入法庭调查并认定案件事实,判断标准是关键。在对域外国家,如美国、英国、日本等国科技证据之科学性判断标准论述的基础上,探讨了中国科技证据立法的现状,指出中国立法虽然对科技证据有一些规定,但对科技证据之科学性判断标准尚无规定,因此,主张吸收域外国家成功经验,结合中国实际,构建中国科技证据之科学性判断标准。     

论任意侦查标准之构建

如何区分任意侦查与强制侦查是侦查研究中最为基础的问题之一,同时也是任意侦查原则与强制侦查法定主义研究中最为核心的问题。有关任意侦查的界限与标准,在日本学界先后存在"有形力说"、"侵犯权益说"、"综合判断说"等不同观点,美国经同意搜查规则中对"同意"的认定则为日本诸种学说有益的补充。对于任意侦查的界限与标准应从主观与客观两个方面进行构建。     

试论预告登记制度在我国的创设

不动产预告登记制度是德国、瑞士、日本等国民法中的一项重要的物权制度,它将物权法理论和债权法理论结合起来,赋予债权请求权以物权的排他效力,有利于不动产交易中各方利益的平衡.本文从预告登记制度的理论基础谈起,对我国创设预告登记制度的现实意义、外国的立法例及我国预告登记制度的建构等问题进行探讨.     

刍议少数民族地区事实婚姻的法律效力

在少数民族自治地区应根据实际情况分别承认事实婚姻的法律效力 ,才能更好地维护少数民族地区的婚姻家庭秩序 ,保护事实婚姻当事人的合法权益。     

An Automated Two‐Dimensional Form Registration Method for Osteological Pair‐Matching

This study introduces an automated method for osteological pair‐matching using two‐dimensional outline form data extracted from photographs. A procedure for acquiring photographs that improve the differentiation of specimens from the background is presented along with an extraction procedure that allows the capture of form data from photographs. The raw form data are used in a two‐dimensional registration procedure, which combines iterative closest point, K‐nearest neighbor search, and iterations around an estimated mean. Form data are used in optimized distance calculations that minimize true‐pair difference and maximize false‐pair difference. The sample consists of 122 calcanei and 110 tali from the UI‐Stanford collection. Performance statistics are provided for the maximum and average Segmented‐Hausdorff, Hausdorff, and Procrustes distances to show the comparative statistical results for matching. Results indicate 98.36% and 98.2% accuracy in pinpointing true‐pairs for the calcanei and tali, respectively, using a shortlist of one‐lowest‐distance.     

行政诉权行使的合理限度——诉权保障的逆向思考

"保障当事人诉权"是司法改革中的基础环节和核心命题之一。在行政诉讼实践中主要有"问题导向型"和"理念贯彻型"两种正面推进思路,但一味正面推进势必会增加其矫枉过正的潜在风险。从反向角度探寻行政诉权行使的合理(最小)限度,借以明确诉权保障之推进场域,不失为一种全新思路。行政诉权行使限度以事物限度理论与权利限度理论为正当性来源,并以司法资源的有限性、司法解决行政纠纷能力的有限性以及司法的谦抑性为考量因素。在诉权层次理论付之阙如的当下,行政诉权行使的合理限度应当以现行的起诉方式、起诉条件为准,且当事人以言之有理为限,法院以形式比对、核对为度。至于行政滥诉等行为的风险防控,可由当事人签署具结书的形式得以实现。     

物权法下的农村宅基地使用权探析

宅基地使用权是农村村民依法享有的,为建造自有房屋在集体所有的土地上占有、使用,以及建造、保有房屋及附属设施的一种具有中国特色的用益物权,带有成员性色彩的福利性的集体权利。物权法对于宅基地使用权的规定具有重要的意义,但是,其规定过于简单,并且存在着多种不周延之处。我们应当完善宅基地使用权登记制度,肯定有限制的流转,并规定在取得宅基地使用权后,应当在一定期限内投入使用,以加快宅基地的利用,发挥其价值。     

False papers and family fictions: household responses to ‘gift children’ born to Indonesian women during transnational migration

When parents pursue transnational labour migration, challenges arise around ensuring the social belonging of children, especially ‘gift children’ who are conceived or born abroad as a result of out-of-wedlock relationships or sexual assault. Families we interviewed in Lombok, Indonesia, displayed complex social ingenuity to ensure the gift child’s social belonging. Caregivers described how they address discrimination by manipulating and falsifying family histories in identity documents, including census forms and birth registration. These family strategies drive home the local role of identity documents as a tool to enhance belonging rather than as proof of legal identity. We spotlight the time lag between birth and obtaining an official birth record as a crucial space in creating ‘citizenship from below’ in communities with high out-migration and low birth registration rates.     

论不动产登记和我国不动产登记制度的完善

分析不动产登记制度的历史沿革、立法例及不动产登记的性质、原则、内容、效力等问题,并提出了完善我国不动产登记制度的建议。