商事法律行为初论

通过对商事法律行为的专门研究,得出如下结论:商事法律行为确实存在,它既不同于民法中的民事法律行为,也不同于商法中的商行为.虽然存在着密切的牵连性,但民事法律行为和商行为本身并不当然等同于商事法律行为.可分别从民事法律行为与商行为中提炼出某些重要的商事法律行为自身具有的特质,即商事法律行为的实施者是以商人为主的商事主体;...     

Passing the buck? Analyzing the delegation of discretion after transposition of European Union law

This article seeks to map and explain the extent to which national legislators constrain discretion contained in European Union directives during transposition. To this end, we use standard hypotheses from the domestic delegation literature regarding the necessity of policy conflict and transaction costs. Our empirical approach is based on a focused comparison of the transposition of several provisions of the Asylum Reception Conditions Directive in France, Germany, and the Netherlands. In order to capture content‐specific aspects of discretion we employ an innovative measurement tool, the so‐called Institutional Grammar Tool. The study shows that while all three states formally comply with the directive, the level of European Union discretion delegated to practical implementers varies considerably across the cases. Standard delegation theory cannot fully explain the patterns. Instead, existing delegation theories have to be adjusted to the transposition context, by accounting for domestic preferences regarding the status quo.     

当前涉法信访的困境及其克服

在法制建设进程中,涉法信访成为法治进程的强大阻滞力量,要实现法治就必须解决涉法信访的困境问题.而对信访制度的改革应与整个社会体制改革联系起来,采取渐进方式实现以法治为内容的信访制度改革,树立司法的最终裁判权威,应当是中国信访走出制度困境的根本出路.我们应深化信访体制改革,完善权利保障和救济机制,从而为民主法制建设的畅通提供必要的积极条件.     

Introducing Value Chain Stewardship (VCS)

After a decade of international negotiations to limit greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, a sufficient number of countries have ratified the Kyoto agreement. However, even with this positive development there is a formidable challenge since, according to the World Resource Institute (WRI 2004), For the most part, developed nations have failed to attain the non-binding emission reductions they committed to in the original climate treaty in 1992. Ensuring adherence to the reductions stated in the treaty by these nations may become an immense managerial task, not to mention the enforcement of sanctions. Instead of national emission targets the approach of this paper is to focus on trade within selected industry sectors – i.e. housing and transport – responsible for most of the world’s GHG emissions. This paper shows that vehicle manufacturers – the design owners – may use their information advantages to influence customers to focus on other aspects of the vehicle than costs during use. Expanding the environmental responsibility of the design owners to coincide with the area of environmental impacts will convert emissions cost into a production cost. It is indicated in this paper that when applying the estimated costs for GHG emissions to the vehicle user, strong enough incentives are not given to drive technological change, but if the responsibility is allocated to the design owner the very same additional costs will be an incentive for the designer to use its information advantage to innovate away from those emissions-rendering technologies. A value chain stewardship (VCS) is, thus, established.     

我国主要农产品国际竞争力的实证分析

考虑到我国各种主要农产品国际竞争力上的差距,本文选用了国际市场占有率、显示比较优势法、净出口指数法等方法测算、比较了我国21种主要农产品的国际竞争力,并提出相应的结论与政策建议。     

公司交互持股要论--写在新订《公司法》颁行之际

诸多方面的原因催生出了公司交互持股现象,其自身价值及其多重影响随即给现行法律制度提出了全方位的挑战。新修订的《公司法》忽略了针对交互持股的相关规范。我国公司法应借鉴各国的立法经验,分别对公司间的横向交互持股和母子公司交互持股在持股比例、表决权限制、通知和公告义务等方面做出法律规制,以期发挥交互持股的积极作用,抑制其消极后果。     

政策执行治理结构的选择

就政策实施而言,交易成本在其中广泛存在,从节约交易成本出发,选择适当的政策执行治理结构是保证政策实施效率的有效举措,依据交易成本理论,可以大致将特定的政策与特定的政策执行治理结构相匹配。     

浅议我国诉讼制度中当事人诉讼的引入——民事行政关联纠纷诉讼瓶颈解决的制度构想

在我国的司法实践中,由于行政性因素介入民事争议而产生的民事行政关联纠纷案件日益增多。在现行的诉讼制度框架下,我们在进行这些民事行政关联纠纷诉讼的过程中会遇到诸多难以解决的瓶颈和问题。基于此点考虑,探讨将“当事人诉讼”引入我国的诉讼制度,以解决民事行政关联纠纷的诉讼瓶颈。     

全面建设小康社会“三农”是关键

党的十六大确立了全面建设小康社会的奋斗目标 ,要完成这一宏伟目标 ,关键在农村 ,重点和难点都在农村。没有发达的农业 ,没有繁荣的农村 ,没有殷实的农民 ,就没有全国人民的小康。建设农村小康的必由之路是 ,建设现代农业 ,积极推进城镇化进程 ,大力发展乡镇企业。     

新闻立法刍议

本文概述了新闻法制的现实社会背景,在此基础上,就新闻立法进行了一定深度的思考,既肯定现行新闻法规对新闻传播活动有一定的规范作用,但同时指出现行新闻法规不能完全有效地适应当代新闻传播活动,强调建立和完善新闻法制的条件已经成熟,呼吁尽快完善社会主义新闻法制。