Study on the Consensus Issue of the Criminal Procedure Law and the Supervision System

The reform of the supervision system raises the consensus issue of the Supervision Law and the Criminal Procedure Law. The convergence of the two laws cannot be achieved only by the technical connection and synergy, but also by dissolving the inner conflicts of the litigation values. For one thing, the Supervision Law lays stress on the “Criminal Control Value” of the criminal justice; for another, the Criminal Procedure Law strives to attach equal importance to both “Combating Crime” and “Protecting Human Rights”. Because of the conflicting schemes of values which are possessed by the two laws separately, the convergence of the processes becomes complex, which contains the distinction between criminal “investigation” and supervising “survey”, the jurisdiction of the duty crime cases, the conversion of the coercive measures, the process of returning a case for supplementary survey, and the pleading guilty procedure for a lenient punishment, etc. For the political effect, “adopting severe punishment in trouble times” can play an important role in the short term, which may establish the atmosphere that no one dare to commit corruption crimes. But a system of both “Combating Crime” and“Protecting Human Rights” is the long-term solution, which lays the emphasis on both the sustainability and the due process of the anti-corruption in China.     

萨瑟兰的不同交往理论与我国青少年犯罪控制

"不同交往理论"是美国著名犯罪学家萨瑟兰解释犯罪的一个重要的理论。它在美国犯罪学研究史上产生了重要影响。从这一理论的9个命题出发,可以分析这一理论的积极意义及其困境,由此可以得到对我国青少年犯罪控制的有益启示。     

有价证券诈骗罪客观方面若干问题研究

有价证券诈骗罪在客观方面表现为使用伪造、变造的国库券或者国家发行的其他有价证券进行诈骗活动,其行为有伪造、变造、虚假权利质押、恶意买卖、冒用、空买空卖等不同的方式,犯罪使用之物也包含虚假的地方政府债券、金融债券、国家有价证券、外国有价证券众多形式,颇为复杂。     

温州市新生代农民工群体犯罪成因及预防对策研究

温州市共青团组织在2012-2013年间对温州市新生代农民工犯罪问题进行调研的数据显示,新生代农民工由于受个体因素（经济、受教育、就业）、社会支持因素（社会包容与歧视,城市认同感）、环境因素（居住环境、文化环境、社会环境）的影响,教育程度低,法治意识淡薄,长期处于就业不稳定的状态,社会管理的缺失及受到社会歧视等多种原因使其走上犯罪道路,给国家稳定和社会发展造成了一定的隐患.因此,作为青年和党的桥梁共青团组织,应该依托多方社会力量,加强对新生代农民工的道德教育,通过各种渠道阐述新生代农民工基本社会保障体系建设的重要性,强化他们的话语权.关注新生代农民工工资支付保障制度及社会保险制度的实施情况,保护新生代农民工的合法权益不受侵害,预防和减少犯罪事件的发生.     

未成年人网络游戏引发暴力犯罪的控制路径

近年来,因网络游戏而诱发的未成年人犯罪案件呈日益上升趋势,如何有效地预防和控制未成年人暴力犯罪,已成为全社会关注的热点问题。从实证分析角度,考量域外国家防控机制,为了实现对未成年人网络游戏暴力犯罪的控制,应当建立未成年人涉网相关的专门法律规范,强化行政执法权,推行网络游戏相关规控制度,开展社会管控,对未成年人健康用网进行综合引导。     

Terrorism and Organised Crime: Co-operative Endeavours in Scotland?

It has been suggested that a nexus between terrorist groups and those involved in organised crime exists. This study explores the co-operative possibilities that exist between these phenomena, focusing specifically on the level of assistance participants in organised criminal activity might provide to those engaged in terrorism, the “initial nexus.” This was achieved initially through interviews with subject matter experts with knowledge of the organised crime and counter terrorism situation in Scotland. Thereafter, law enforcement personnel who investigate serious and organised crime were interviewed, and their opinions sought in respect of the likely actions of those they investigate. The data gathered is subject to analysis and comment are provided as to what level of co-operation between those involved in organised crime and terrorism can be expected; what motivational factors may have a bearing on the level of co-operation provided; and discussion of “tipping points,” ethical or otherwise, where the withdrawal of co-operation could occur, providing opportunities for increasingly successful law enforcement intervention.     

巨额财产来源不明罪探析

为了加强对贪污贿赂犯罪的打击力度,现行刑法增设了巨额财产来源不明罪,但该罪在司法实践中日益暴露出其立法及前置制度不健全等问题,因而必须从刑法理论上加以完善,以满足反腐倡廉的实际需要.     

过失犯的构成要件构造及其适用

如何适用刑法对过失犯予以处罚,虽然在刑法理论上有各种不同学说,然而均缺乏从过失犯整体构成要件的角度进行思考。本文认为,过失犯的注意义务之未规定属于立法者未能详尽地描述出的犯罪行为构成要素,这样,根据条文对犯罪构成要件的规定还无法推断行为的违法性,还必须由法官对注意义务作出必要的补充判断,因此其在构成要件构造上属于开放性的。分析过失犯的构成要件构造是对过失犯理论研究领域的拓展,有利于我们明确过失犯的类型性意义,以提倡法官对超出立法技术限度的注意义务进行补充。过失犯注意义务之未规定不属于法律漏洞,对之应该采用狭义的法律解释方法适用之。     

IMMIGRATION AND THE RECENT VIOLENT CRIME DROP IN THE UNITED STATES: A POOLED,CROSS‐SECTIONAL TIME‐SERIES ANALYSIS OF METROPOLITAN AREAS*

A good deal of research in recent years has revisited the relationship between immigration and violent crime. Various scholars have suggested that, contrary to the claims of the classic Chicago School, large immigrant populations might be associated with lower rather than higher rates of criminal violence. A limitation of the research in this area is that it has been based largely on cross‐sectional analyses for a restricted range of geographic areas. Using time‐series techniques and annual data for metropolitan areas over the 1994–2004 period, we assess the impact of changes in immigration on changes in violent crime rates. The findings of multivariate analyses indicate that violent crime rates tended to decrease as metropolitan areas experienced gains in their concentration of immigrants. This inverse relationship is especially robust for the offense of robbery. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that the broad reductions in violent crime during recent years are partially attributable to increases in immigration.     

WHERE OFFENDERS CHOOSE TO ATTACK: A DISCRETE CHOICE MODEL OF ROBBERIES IN CHICAGO*

Why do robbers choose a particular area to commit an offense? Do they rob close to home? Do they search for areas with suitable and attractive targets? What keeps them away from certain areas? To answer these questions, a model is developed of how robbers choose target areas. The model draws on various theoretical and empirical traditions, which include environmental criminology, journey to crime research, gang research, and social disorganization theory. Testing the model on cleared robbery cases in Chicago in the years 1996–1998, we demonstrate that robbery location choice is related to characteristics of target areas, to areas where offenders live, to joint characteristics of the resident and target areas, and to characteristics of the offenders themselves. The presence of illegal markets and other crime generators and crime attractors make areas attractive for robbers, whereas collective efficacy seems to keep them out. Distance as well as racial and ethnic segregation restrict the mobility of offenders.