水权与水权的界定--水资源利用的产权经济学分析

在公有水权基础上实行可交易水权制度涉及到三个重要环节,即水权的界定、水价以及水权运作规则和水资源管理,其中水权的界定是水资源市场形成和运行的前提条件,没有排他性水权的确立,水权的让渡和交易是不可能的.本文从产权经济学的理论出发,分析水权的清晰界定与水资源市场的关系,并在此基础上分析水资源利用中的各种水权关系,指出进一步界定和明晰水资源的配水量权是实现水权制度创新的前提条件.     

The Baltic miracle? The economic crisis and its consequences for young people in the labor market of the Baltic states, 2007–2017

ABSTRACT

The financial crisis (2008–2009) resulted in significant deterioration of the youth labor market in the Baltic states. In 2017, however, the Baltic states were among the countries with the highest employment-to-population ratio in Europe (the ‘Baltic Miracle’). This article shows that the observed progress is mostly due to the demographic changes in the three countries. Isolating the demographic effect demonstrated that it played crucial role in mitigating the negative effects of the crisis, especially in Latvia and Lithuania. The results of the study show that in 2017 only in Estonia had the youth labor market returned to its precrisis conditions.     

The political economy of subsidiarity in labour market reforms: the United Kingdom and Italy in times of crises

ABSTRACT

This article seeks to contribute to the literature centred on the principle of subsidiarity by highlighting the way in which political actors apply different dimensions of subsidiarity, horizontal versus vertical, in the field of labour market policy. It compares labour market reforms in Britain and Italy in the wake of international economic crises, shedding light on the role of subsidiarity dimensions. It shows that Britain applied the principle of horizontal subsidiarity in quasi-market mechanisms while Italy chiefly resorted to the vertical dimension that helped shifting labour market policies from income replacement to welfare-to-work. Additionally, the article explores how the principle of subsidiarity may affect the relationships between the European Union on one side and Britain and Italy on the other in the field of labour market policies.     

论我国财政政策的积极效应

无论是扩张性财政政策还是收缩性财政政策都存在积极效应问题。财政政策的积极效应同一定的社会经济及制度、财政的性质密切相关。研究财政政策不仅要讨论其反周期的阶段性目标效应 ,而且应关注其稳定性或功能性作用。财政政策的积极效应应反映我国转轨期的发展要求和传统“建设性财政”向公共财政转变的客观需求 ,应以不损害市场配置资源的作用和不影响公共财政机制的形成为前提。为此 ,应科学界定政府职能和政府活动范围 ,防止计划经济模式复归 ,并完善相应的机制。     

市场营销理论在毕业生就业工作中的应用

普通高校毕业生的就业工作与企业产品的市场营销工作有着非常相似的特征和过程。日趋激烈的人才市场竞争,决定了高校毕业生就业工作应用“市场营销”理论的可行性和必要性。高校毕业生就业工作,既有营销理论的普遍适用性,又有毕业生“产品”营销的特殊性。因此,应着重从“全员营销”理念的建立,毕业生就业市场的预测分析,毕业生就业营销方案的策划以及毕业生“特殊产品”主观能动优势的发挥等方面全程开展就业指导工作。     

Public Policy and Social Science Training in Israel: The Impact of Structural Change on the Constitution of Knowledge

Recent reforms instituted in the network of higher education in Israel have focused on two elements: adjusting the managerial structure of the universities to make it more amenable to market criteria of efficiency and reducing the proportional weight of state funding to the universities compared to that allotted to the technical and professional colleges. The main elements of this process—increasing power of managers in academic institutions, shifting universities toward entrepreneurialism, the idea of the service university, and the massification of the system of higher education—are characteristic of similar changes in higher education in the U.K., the U.S.A., Canada, and Australia.This article examines the impact of organizational and structural changes on the categories of knowledge produced, and by extension on the production of knowledge itself. By examining changes in the organization of higher education in Israel and in particular in the social sciences, the article suggests that institutional and academic diversification have influenced the categorization of legitimate knowledge pertaining to society, the economy, and the political arena—the traditional terrain of the social sciences—and hence what is considered knowledge worth knowing about these subjects. Finally, the article points to certain political interests that have motivated this change, and examines their larger impact upon Israeli society.     

多元主体：市场经济下治安治理的探讨

中国加入WTO使得市场经济体制改革进程进一步加快,面对社会环境的变化,我国的治安工作出现了许多新问题,需要公安机关解放思想,以适应市场经济发展的新的警务方式应对:第一,树立市场经济下治安治理“主体多元化”理念;第二,根据多元主体拥有的资源分配各自责权利,共同承担治安任务;第三,制定相应的法律予以规范,最终实现社会稳定、人民安居乐业的目标。     

论迁徙自由

迁徙自由是现代社会公民的一项基本权利 ,当今世界大多数国家的宪法和国际公约中都有对迁徙自由权的规定。由于种种原因 ,我国现行宪法并没有规定这一权利 ,并且在现实中 ,这一权利还受到户籍等制度的极大限制。笔者认为 ,实现迁徙自由 ,是市场经济的客观要求 ,是经济持续增长和现代化的迫切需要 ,也是实现社会公平和履行国际公约的要求 ,我国宪法应及早恢复迁徙自由权 ,同时采取有效措施来保障这一基本人权的实施。     

Mis-marketing the Conservatives: The Limitations of Style over Substance

Every Tory leader since 1997 has made significant attempts to use marketing; the most recent, Michael Howard, appointed the first ever UK party Marketing Director to head a specialised Marketing Department. However, whilst the Conservatives have made use of the tools of marketing (polling, focus groups, public listening exercises, communication) they have misunderstood the concept of political marketing, which is concerned with creating a unified political product that is responsive to voter demands. Political marketing has hitherto not worked for the Conservative party. This is because there is a lack of a supportive internal culture that accepts the party change necessary to produce a market-orientated political product including policy, leadership and candidates. If political marketing is only used to sell a product that the party elite rather than the British public wants, it will never help the Conservatives regain control of government.     

整顿规范市场秩序加快经济建设步伐

我国的市场经济建设已进入了新的阶段，然而诫信的缺失、腐败的存在、各级政府职能的错位和地方保护主义等导致的市场秩序混乱，已经严重阻碍了我国经济建设的步饯。我国应从加快诫信体系的建立；减少政府管制范围，加大打击惩罚力度；效开手脚，还市场自由竞争的空间；理顺中央与地方的关系，消除地方保护主义等几个方面着手，整顿和规范市场秩序，从而为加快经济建设打下坚实的基础。