论医疗责任事故的刑事处罚

医疗责任事故是否可以用刑罚来处罚。这一直是人们争论的话题 ,在新刑法颁布之前。虽然有相当部分的学者持肯定意见。但坚持不能采用刑罚的方法制裁医疗责任事故的肇事者也大有人在。现在 ,新刑法的颁布 ,以持刑罚说观点的一派胜利而结束这场争论。医疗事故罪第一次在我国刑法典中出现 ,毕竟这是开天辟地的第一次 ,我国的司法工作者对这一罪名如何掌握尚经验不足 ,而且 ,由于纠纷原因 ,追究医疗事故肇事者刑事责任也存在许多障碍。因此 ,作者希望通过本文阐述 ,达到抛砖引玉的作用 ;促进国内学者对该罪名的研究 ,以使能够在司法实践中准确把握犯罪 ,打击犯罪 ,达到有效预防医疗纠纷的目的。     

KEY LINKAGES BETWEEN CHILD WELFARE AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT: SOCIAL FUNCTIONING IMPROVEMENTS AND CLIENT SATISFACTION IN A FAMILY DRUG TREATMENT COURT*

This article summarizes early findings regarding social functioning and client satisfaction from a longitudinal study of women receiving treatment in a family drug treatment court located in the Midwestern United States (N = 33). Drug treatment court participants were interviewed at program entry and when they had completed 6 months of treatment. Family drug court participants reported significant improvements in employment status and increases in earned income after 6 months of treatment. Respondents also reported improved social functioning and high overall levels of satisfaction with treatment. Findings and implications for future research are discussed.     

略论未成年人犯罪的处理原则

我国未成年人保护和未成年人犯罪处理的法律体系已基本形成,未成年人的保护以及未成年人犯罪的处理有法可依.各地基层司法机关在未成年人犯罪问题的处理上做过一些有益的、大胆的尝试.在司法实践中,应严格依照现行法律规定,坚持"教育为主、惩罚为辅"的原则,全面贯彻"教育、感化、挽救"的方针,充分运用司法人员的自由裁量权,在实体处理上尽量做到从宽处理;在程序上尽量做到快处理、不羁押、不实施财产罚,并针对未成年人的心理特点,力求做到全程教育.     

"民工荒"问题的法学思考

农民工的权益保障一直是法学、经济学和社会学所共同关注的热点问题.以"民工荒"问题在我国引起的强烈反响为契机,分析造成该问题的原因,得出我国相关法律制度建设的滞后是一个重要根源.尝试从法律视角对这一现象进行分析与思考,希望在理论上得到解决这一困惑的钥匙,并引起更多的人关注这一问题.     

Freedom to think – the value of multiple clinical narratives in women’s prisons†

Abstract

The merits of being multi-lingual are widely recognised. This paper considers the application of this metaphor to the conceptualisation of clinical work in a women’s prison. We suggest that sharing ‘languages’ from different theoretical orientations in open fora enables teams to build deep and nuanced understandings of clinical and systemic complexity, of particular value in secure settings. This discussion reflects the service model developed and used within HMP/YOI Holloway, a large women’s prison in London, which has recently been closed. We utilise a case example, with formulations and recommendations from several perspectives, to illustrate the value of maintaining a rich, inclusive discourse. We describe the benefits of such an approach to staff teams, to institutions and to those we serve, and consider the implications for organisation of services to maximise potential for change and recovery.     

Orthodontic Treatment: Real Risk for Dental Age Estimation in Adults?

Dental age estimation becomes a challenge once the root formation is concluded. In living adults, one dental age indicator is the formation of secondary dentine, also associated with orthodontic treatment as well as root shortening. The aim of this study was to establish whether these secondary effects of orthodontic treatment could generate a statistically significant difference in dental age estimations when using Kvaal's method. The study sample included 34 pairs of pre‐ and postorthodontic panoramic radiographs, from different individuals with exactly the same age and sex distribution. Females 65%, median age 17.5 years, and males 35%, median age 22.5 years, were included. After data collection, dental age was estimated per tooth using formulae previously published. The risk of obtaining over‐estimation of age was calculated. (RR = 1.007). The changes caused by orthodontic treatment do not have any significant effect on age estimation when Kvaal et al.'s method is applied on panoramic radiographs.     

论重新架构我国医患纠纷的多元化处理机制

综观我国现行医患纠纷处理机制,医患双方协商多隐含非公平、非自愿成分,卫生行政调解基本处于闲置状态,民事审判的权威与效率难以实现,而医疗责任鉴定的公平与权威备受质疑,因此,该机制不能适应妥善处理医患纠纷这一社会热点问题的需求。多元化纠纷解决机制（ADR）的发展及运行表明,多种性质、功能、程序不同的纠纷解决机制,各有其运行空间,且能形成功能互补,而非诉讼纠纷解决机制本身具备的意思自治、非对抗性、开放性等特点决定其对处置医患纠纷具有较强的适用性。重新架构与配置我国医患纠纷多元化处理机制的设想为：保留但限制医患双方自行和解,设立医事仲裁和医患纠纷第三方专业调解制度,以医、法结合的原则对医患纠纷的审判及鉴定机制加以改进,并建立审判机关与鉴定机构在医疗事实认定与过错责任确认方面的协同机制,形成多元化机制并存、互补的良性结构。     

彭真同志的“严打”思想研究

＂严打＂思想是彭真同志首先提出来的。在将彭真＂严打＂思想转化为党中央＂严打＂决策的过程中,起关键作用的是邓小平。彭真＂严打＂思想的主要内容包括：＂严打＂政策的提出是由客观形势决定的;＂严打＂的对象是严重刑事犯罪和经济犯罪,措施是依法从重、从快严厉打击,原则是实事求是,因地制宜;＂严打＂要想取得全面胜利,必须和综合治理同时进行,特别是要做好劳改、劳教工作;＂严打＂斗争具有长期性、艰巨性和复杂性,必须紧密依靠党的领导,走专门机关和群众路线相结合的道路。彭真＂严打＂思想中所体现的思想方法和工作方法,所包括的许多反映了社会治安规律的结论,对于我们做好社会治安工作具有重要的现实指导意义。     

国际海运温室气体减排法律问题探析

近年来,国际海运温室气体排放问题逐渐引起了国际社会的广泛关注,国际海事组织在《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《京都议定书》的授权下进行了包括立法在内的诸多努力并取得了一定的成果。本文在对国际海事组织构建的国际海运温室气体减排法律框架进行厘清的基础上,就其框架中体现出的"不优惠待遇"原则及相关的减排机制进行分析,认为相关制度还有待调整以符合大多数国家的利益。     

Explaining the Effectiveness of Heroin-assisted Treatment on Crime Reductions

This study examines the relationship between heroin-assisted treatment versus methadone maintenance and the criminal activity of 1,015 individuals participating in a German model project. The main objective is to investigate how these treatments contribute to a decline of criminal behavior. The analyses are based upon self-reported criminal offence and police data on alleged criminals. Logistic regression is employed to explain the variance in the 12-month prevalence 1 year after program admission. The results clearly show a decline of criminal offences among participants receiving maintenance treatment; this decline was significantly greater in the heroin group with respect to property crimes and drug offences. The multivariate analysis reveals that the effects are due to a decrease of illegal drug use and absence from the drug scene.