Incentives and beneficence

Whether an action is beneficent may depend on its effect on incentives for future behavior of the beneficiary. This strategic consideration makes our moral account of beneficence far more complex than most discussions suggest. Its effect on utilitarian and Kantian moral theories is discussed. In general, strategic incentive considerations recommend institutional rather than individual resolution of many problems, so that moral theory must in part be political and institutional.     

进城务工女性劳动和社会保障权益保护的现状分析及对策建议——以新《妇女权益保障法》为视角

《妇女权益保障法》是一部以妇女为主体,以全面保护妇女合法权益为主要内容的基本法,本文以其为视角,探讨分析进城务工女性劳动和社会保障权的立法、执法和司法的环境进行深层的剖析,分析产生的原因,提出对策建议。     

网络互动中青年亲和社会需求的实现

网络互动是一种全新的人际互动模式,它改变了人们交往过程中吸引力诸要素的排列顺序,是青年人释放情感的最佳方式,网络互动形成了网络亚文化群体,有利于实现青年人的亲和社会需求。     

社会权司法救济之宪政分析

社会权是与自由权同等重要的宪法权利。透视各国宪政实践可以清晰地观察到,社会权宪法化及其救济司法化的趋势业已形成,并以三种方式呈现巨大的发展潜力。一是宪法明确规定社会权,并视之为主观权利予以直接司法救济;二是宪法没有明确规定社会权,但确立了司法审查,通过适用正当程序和平等保护原则予以间接司法救济;三是宪法规定社会权作为国家政策指导原则,且视之为客观权利予以间接司法救济。很明显,社会权具有一定范围和程度的可诉性。     

“人”在当代中国社会发展中的、地位和意义——中国哲学界关于“以人为本”的研究

人类历史进入到二十一世纪,有关“人”的问题日益成为当代中国社会发展的一个核心问题“。人”在当代社会发展中的地位和意义集中体现在“以人为本”的科学发展观上“。以人为本”既体现了当代中国社会发展对人的高度重视,也为中国化马克思主义哲学提出了一个当代性课题。     

认识社会公正的几个视角

社会公正是社会主义的核心价值取向,是现代社会的基本价值理念和基本规则。社会公正既是现代社会基本制度安排和设计的主要依据,也是社会各个群体之间赖以进行良性互动的基本规则。只有基于社会公正,社会方能实现安全运行和健康发展。转型期的中国社会需要社会公正理论。     

Social Utility in Ultimatum Bargaining

In this article we will provide an overview of factors that influence the weight that self-interest and equity related motives receive in ultimatum bargaining. These factors are grouped into three main categories: factors relating to the context of the game, factors relating to the parties involved, and factors related to characteristics of the game. Results of the studies are discussed in relation to the concept of social utility. The authors point out possible omissions in the literature—especially the lack of interest for the behavior of recipients—and recommend directions for future research.     

The Interplay Between Greed,Efficiency, and Fairness in Public-Goods Dilemmas

The Greed–Efficiency–Fairness hypothesis (H. A. M. Wilke, In European Review of Social Psychology, Wiley, New York, Vol. 2, pp. 165–187, 1991) states that people in resource dilemmas are greedy and wish to defect, but that greed is constrained by preferences for efficient resource use and fair distributions. This paper reviews research where the GEF hypothesis was generalized to public-goods dilemmas. Results from both surveys and experiments on people's willingness to contribute to resources for social services were interpreted in light of the GEF hypothesis. Whereas earlier research on social dilemmas and fairness considerations have focused on the correlation between estimated fair and actual cooperation rates, the present results provide an extension where cooperation rates are influenced by perceived fairness of how a resource is distributed. Two experiments contribute further insights into the interplay, in terms of effects on cooperation, between greed, efficiency, and fairness. The collective consequences of individual choices were either highlighted or not (Experiment 1) and the outcome structure in prior social dilemma tasks was either collectively or individually framed (Experiment 2). These manipulations influenced (a) cooperation rates and (b) the extent to which decisions were based on greed, efficiency, or fairness.     

Looking for Sustainability: Environmental Coalitions across the State-Society Divide

This paper compares environmental policymaking in two Brazilian cities, Rio de Janeiro and Cubatão. It examines the formation of state-society synergistic interactions in the public policymaking process and their effect on long term sustainability of social mobilization. It concludes that whereas social capital can be constructed in the context of policymaking, it is critically dependent on a concerted effort from both state and society actors to build trust in their daily interactions. The Cubatão and Carioca River cases show that state-society synergy had little effect on the ability of the policy coalitions formed for pollution clean up to sustain themselves over time. Instead, there are indications that rather than a constraint, the flexible and informal nature of such coalitions may have been a critical factor in their ability to carry out policy successfully.     

弱势群体与我国改革发展中的治安稳定

经济体制改革和政治体制改革将我国带入了一个复杂的社会转型期,在这个时期,一个特殊的群体———社会性弱势群体正逐渐产生、显现,并且规模渐大。对社会治安稳定也产生了不小影响。