法治视野中的和谐社会

和谐社会是中国共产党提出的一个崭新命题,理论界对其正处于研究之中。本文从法治的视角来揭示和谐社会的内涵和表征,分析了法治在实现和谐社会中的重要地位,提出了要大力推进法治建设进程,为和谐社会的实现奠定法治基础。     

吉林省农村弱势群体贫困的现状分析

吉林省农村无论在经济、社会待遇、文化教育等方面在我国都属于庞大的弱势群体。吉林省作为一个农业大省,经济发展在我国属于中下游,解决此问题的对策为:要大力发展农业保险,稳定农业收入,增加农村教育投资,提高农民再就业机会,推进农业产业化经营,增加农业产业收入。     

抵销诉讼及其判决的效力

抵销诉讼是两大法系国家的制度化选择。实践的迫切需求和制度空位的巨大断裂使得我国建立抵销诉讼制度成为必要。以实然的诉讼制度为基点,考量两种模式的抵销诉讼的优劣,反诉模式的抵销诉讼成为我国制度建构的理性选择。这种抵销诉讼模式的建立也提供了既判力正当化的制度根据。     

“不染楚风”——茶村体之于晚明清初诗坛的意义及对清中期诗坛的影响

杜溶诗在清初诗坛迥异于竟陵楚风,也置于虞山、云间诸体之外,形成独具一格的诗体--茶村体.茶村体的诗学意义体现于:在晚明公安、竞陵横扫诗坛之际,茶村体却能不染楚风;尊古守道,宣忠扬孝是杜溶诗文创作的主要动机,并重新将诗歌之旨定位于载道的高度;独尊少陵,对前后七子、公安、竞陵既有公允地反拨,亦有合理地修正.茶村体以独特的尊古方式丰富了晚明清初诗坛.作为清初诗坛的异响,茶村体在其时孤鹤独鸣,未显当世.但在作者卒后半个世纪,诗坛却给予了积极的回应--直接影响了清中期诗坛.     

Distribution profile of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromoamphetamine (DOB) in rats after oral and subcutaneous doses

2,5-Dimethoxy-4-bromoamphetamine (DOB) is one of the potent hallucinogenic phenylalkylamines, whose ingestion has already caused several deaths reported all over the world. However, there is unsufficient information on DOB properties based on controlled pharmacokinetic studies available. The aim of this study was to clarify the distribution profile of DOB and its phenolic metabolite 2-methoxy-5-hydroxy-4-bromoamphetamine (2M5H4BA) in blood and biological tissues of experimental rats. The rats were administered a 20 mg/kg dose of DOB·HCl by oral ingestion or subcutaneous injection. Plasma and brain, liver and lung tissues were collected at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 h after dosing (three animals per time point). The samples were prepared by a liquid–liquid extraction procedure and the extracts were assayed by GC–MS. After per oral application, DOB peak plasma level of 320 ng/mL was reached after one-hour post dosing as well as 2M5H4BA peak concentration of 203 ng/mL. A rapid phase of DOB absorption, 2M5H4BA formation and their tissue distribution during the first two hours after application were followed by a slow decrease rate of the elimination process until 32 h. After subcutaneous application, high plasma levels of the unchanged parent drug and relatively reduced formation of its metabolite 2M5H4BA were observed. DOB maximum plasma concentration of 1143 ng/mL was reached after one-hour post application, whereas its metabolite peak level after 8 h was 213 ng/mL. The concentration profiles of both compounds in plasma after per oral and subcutaneous administration revealed the existence of significant first pass effect after per oral administration that significantly affected DOB bioavailability. DOB tissue concentrations exceeded plasma and the highest values were found in the lungs, where drug accumulation occurred with prolonged retention till 32 h after subcutaneous dose. Although the plasma/tissue transfer was more effective for the lipophilic parent drug than for its hydroxylated metabolite 2M5H4BA, the metabolite tissue levels were significant. The hallucinogenic potential of 2M5H4BA appearing in brain remains unclear as nothing is known about its pharmacological activity at present.     

农村已婚青年女性自杀现象研究——基于湖北省大冶市丰村的个案分析(1980-2000)

家庭结构及其变动和人们的死亡观念是理解农村已婚青年女性自杀的关键因素。婆媳关系和夫妻关系及两者变迁所呈现出来的双重失衡状态,使得处于劣势地位的已婚青年女性容易走上自杀之路。人们相信死后还有一个存在的世界,并认为在死后的这个世界中,能够看到对造成她们自杀死亡者的惩罚,因而,自杀成为已婚青年女性寻求救助的一种手段。在这两大因素背后,更为基础的社会实践推动了自杀的产生。社会实践现场中自杀后的一系列表达是构成农村已婚青年女性对自杀死亡后进行想象的现实基础。现实生活中这种社会实践的上演与习练,会通过女性意念的投射与模化映置到未来的自杀实践中。     

郑和--中国和平外交的先行者

开展和平外交,是郑和下西洋最主要的目的和活动.郑和船队尊重各地习俗,礼待各国统治者和人民,积极进行文化交流,开展平等贸易,促进了中国与各国间友好关系的建立.郑和下西洋忠实地执行了明王朝睦邻友好的外交政策,谱写了中国与亚非各国和平友好关系的新篇章,使中外经济文化交流达到前所未有的鼎盛局面.     

构建法治和谐社会与公安行政执法

构建和谐社会与公安依法行政有着一致的终极目的。公安行政执法为和谐社会的构建提供重要保障,和谐社会的构建赋予公安公正执法重要机遇。加强法治素养、谦抑警权,合理配置公安司法行政权力;提升警民关系;应改进公安执法的意见和措施,特别是要着力强化亲民、公正、法治等三个意识,在执法全过程中体现法治与和谐的要素,从而促进和谐社会的建设。     

科学发展观视阈下城乡一体化基层党建新格局构建研究——以北京市朝阳区常营乡为例

"构建城乡统筹的基层党建新格局"理应包括广大新兴农村城市化地区的基层党建这个层面,也即"城乡一体化基层党建",它的构建具有切实的紧迫性与必要性。文章对北京常营乡"村居合一"的城乡一体化基层党建新格局进行了挖掘和研究,总结了其构建途径、实施效果和创新特色,并提出了三点对策,即以科学发展观为灵魂,以地区实际为出发点,以自身建设为落脚点,构建城乡一体化基层党建新格局。     

完善民族地方自治立法 促进民族地区和谐社会建设

民族区域自治制度是我国处理民族问题的基本政治制度。作为民族区域自治制度有效保障的民族自治地方立法还不尽完善,制约着和谐社会的建设步伐。完善民族自治地方立法,需要切实转变观念,提高立法效率,重视立法技术,充实有关内容,加强民族经济立法,重视对少数民族习惯法的研究和借鉴。健全和完善民族自治地方立法,有利于坚持和完善民族区域自治制度,促进和谐的民族大家庭建设,加快少数民族和民族地区经济社会全面协调和可持续发展,实现各民族共同繁荣。