Associations between Exposure to Alienating Behaviors,Anxiety, and Depression in an Italian Sample of Adults

The aim of this study was to examine associations between exposure to alienating behaviors (ABs) and anxiety and depression as mediated through psychological maltreatment and parental bonding in a sample of Italian adults in the community. Five hundred and nine adults were given a measure of exposure to ABs, the Baker Strategy Questionnaire; the Psychological Maltreatment Measure; the Parental Bonding Instrument; the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory‐Y; and the Beck Depression Inventory‐II. Exposure to ABs was associated with psychological maltreatment, which was associated with parental bonding, which was associated with each of the three mental health outcomes: depression, state anxiety, and trait anxiety. The authors conclude that exposure to ABs in childhood represents a risk factor for subsequent poor mental health.     

Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Juvenile Drug Court: Comparisons to Traditional Probation

Juvenile Drug Courts have been in operation in the United States for over 20 years, yet their effectiveness and design have been challenged throughout the literature. Using data collected from a Juvenile Drug Court (JDC) in Southeast Texas, this project sought to determine if the JDC intervention reduced recidivism compared to a comparison sample of juvenile offenders. Results indicate that the recidivism rates of participants in the JDC were lower than the comparison group, suggesting that the Drug Court intervention was successful. The program completion rates for JDC youths were also higher for those with fewer infractions. Although the JDC youths had statistically lower infractions, the intervention overall appears to need strengthening. A close inspection of program components could document which programmatic skills are tied to efficacy, leading to the achievement of better outcomes.     

Effects of Pre-release Services on Access to Behavioral Health Treatment after Release from Prison

Using the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative data-set, substance use and mental health needs of released inmates are examined to explore whether there is a positive relationship between pre-release services and behavioral health treatment access at three months post-release. Two weighted hierarchical linear models were run testing the effects of three key pre-release services: pre-release needs assessment, pre-release linkage with inmates’ post-release case managers, and pre-release assistance with accessing post-release health insurance. Results demonstrate that pre-release needs assessment significantly increases the odds of receiving post-release substance abuse treatment, and case management linkage and assistance with accessing health insurance significantly increase the odds of mental health treatment after release. Policy implications for reentry service provision targeting behavioral health needs, and directions for future research, are discussed.     

“Hand-to-mouth” citizenship: decision time for the UK Supreme Court on the substance of Zambrano rights,EU citizenship and equal treatment

UK benefit rules strip Zambrano residence rights, for UK national children and their third country national primary carers, of equal treatment entitlement. These rules are challenged in a case pending before the UK Supreme Court. This piece argues that Zambrano creates an EU-citizenship-based right to reside which necessarily entails equal treatment. UK national children in Zambrano families fall within the scope of EU law so are not prevented by the wholly internal rule from claiming equal treatment with EU national children in Teixeira families. And they are protected by equal treatment as a general principle of EU law, which requires equal treatment with other UK national children. The justifications for automatic unequal treatment put forward before, and accepted with alacrity by, the Court of Appeal, are poorly reasoned and ill-matched with the rules in question – most notably because Zambrano families may have strong connections with the UK. A CJEU reference is likely; a Zambrano right is the right to reside in the Union – it is the right to have EU rights. The substance of EU citizenship is at stake.     

论我国宪法权威的缺失及建构途径

宪法作为国家的根本大法，在法律体系中处于核心地位。宪法权威存在于三个层面：法律文本上的权威和公民意识中的权威和社会实践中的权威。我国存在着宪法权威缺失的情况。建构宪法的权威，同样需要从法律制度、思想观念、社会实践三个方面作出努力。     

立法语言的特点:从描述到分析及证立

当前学界在讨论立法语言的特点问题时,往往采取一种描述性的方式将其归纳为准确、肯定,通俗、简洁,规范、严谨以及庄重、严肃等,却几乎没有去探讨背后的问题。如,立法语言为什么应当或能够具有这些特点?以及这种关于立法语言特点的观察或描述是否能够从根本上成立?可能也正是忽略了这些背后的问题,因而往往在分析立法权以及其它法治实践、法学研究中的一些问题时缺乏有穿透力的视角。从认识哲学、语言哲学等角度对立法语言的特点展开分析与证立,将在很大程度上回应、缓解上述问题。     

领导应“用人要疑，疑人要用”

本文主要提出了当今形势决定了领导需“用人要疑，疑人要用”，同时给出了有力的论证并给领导建议了几点用人方法。     

困境与出路:城市化背景下的集体建设用地使用权流转制度

经济的快速发展使得集体建设用地使用权进入市场已成为必然,现行立法对集体建设用地使用权流转的限制使市场机制难以发挥资源配置的基础作用。为此,确认集体建设用地使用权流转的合法性乃是立法对现实的回应。在集体建设用地使用权领域引入土地出让制度不失为一种低成本、高效益的制度设计,出让合同的客体只能限于商业化利用土地,出让合同的受让人应仅以出让土地所在的乡镇或村范围内的企业为限。允许通过出让途径获得的集体建设用地使用权再次进入流转程序实乃可持续发展战略在立法上的一大体现。     

耕地集约经营与实现土地使用效益最大化探究

本文以梅河口市做好耕地集约规模经营取得的成效为切入点,从政府引导推动土地流转,制定优惠扶持政策为规模经营创造条件,加快农村劳动力转移为规模经营拓展空间等方面分析了梅河口市在耕地集约规模经营上取得的显著成效。同时,针对梅河口市在土地流转过程中存在的问题,从实现土地使用效益最大化的视角,对梅河口市如何做好土地规模经营提出了相关的对策。     

The idea of the legal regulation of war and its origin

The subject matter of the analysis in this paper is jus in bello and the very possibility of its existence. On the face of it, the concept that in the event of the outbreak of hostilities, the use of force against one＇s opponent should be somehow regulated and limited, which is stranger, and its origin is more difficult to explain, than the concept that human societies should live together in peace or that wars should only be begun on some ethical or legally acceptable grounds. It is likely that limits on the use of force, or at least pressures to keep it within a ritualized framework, are property of human beings that enabled our ancestors to live together as social animals. Something similar would have been applied for groups of such beings. Even though the tendency to regulate the use of force in war has existed in the earliest times, this is not a simple task and sets against this effort there are a number of factors that encourage the freest use of violent methods and weapons： The war is a serious business and the desire to win at all costs is very strong, the logic of war leads the combatants to employ all the forces that can be freed from elsewhere and make use of all available advantages and means, a combat is an emotional mater not only rational, etc. Against these forces, the factors that work in favor of the legal regulation of the use of force are： The existence of at least a basic common identity, a situation in which war does not have the characteristics of total war, ear of reprisals by the enemy, the principle of proportion of force used to the objectives, the existence of an approximately comparable moral code and warrior code of honor on both sides, and the need to legitimize war. The extent to which a given war will abide by legal regulation of the use of force depends on the result of the balance of the opposing factors listed above.