Does This Make Me Look Fat? Peer Crowd and Peer Contributions to Adolescent Girls’ Weight Control Behaviors

Based on the Theory of Reasoned Action, this study evaluated a “socialization” model linking girls’ peer crowd affiliations (e.g., Jocks, Populars) with their own weight concern, perceived peer weight norms, and weight control behaviors. An alternative “selection” model was also evaluated. Girls (N = 236; M age = 15.95 years) from diverse ethnic backgrounds completed surveys assessing peer crowd affiliation, their own concern with weight, perceptions of peers’ concern with weight, and weight control behaviors. Models were evaluated using SEM. The socialization model demonstrated good fit; the alternative selection model did not. Specifically, girls’ level of identification with certain peer crowds (Jocks, Burnouts, Alternatives) was associated with girls’ reported own concern and perceived peer concern with weight. Additionally, girls’ own concern and peer norms were related independently to girls’ weight control behaviors. Findings suggest that peer crowds and girls’ own and peer weight norms may be important targets of prevention efforts.

农村宅基地使用权之法律研究

物权法草案明确规定,农村村民经分配取得宅基地使用权.宅基地使用权在本质上是属于土地使用权,将宅基地使用权规定为一类独立的用益物权形态,对于维护农民合法权益具有重要意义.但草案规定宅基地使用权不能单独转让,不得抵押,并禁止城镇居民在农村购置宅基地.这就基本上禁止了宅基地使用权的流转,其合理性有待商榷.     

Factor Structure and Reliability of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales for Incarcerated Female Substance Abusers

Incarcerated women with a history of substance abuse often experience intimate partner violence (IPV), both as victims and as perpetrators. The issues surrounding partner violence and substance abuse are complex, and accurate assessment of this population's experience is critical to ensure proper treatment planning and program development. One of the most common instruments with which to measure IPV is the Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS). Unfortunately, very little published data exist on the revised version of the Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2), and no data could be located in the literature using this scale with incarcerated women. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the underlying factor structure and reliability of the CTS2 for 359 incarcerated women who had voluntarily participated in a 1–year long substance abuse treatment program. Item analysis revealed a high level of reliability for the overall scale as well as for the individual subscales. Additionally, results from the confirmatory multiple group factor analysis support the 5 underlying subscales, and taken together indicate that the scale is acceptable to use with this population.     

The Impact of Marital Aggression on Women's Psychological and Marital Functioning in a Newlywed Sample

The impact of husband-to-wife physical aggression on changes in wives' personal and marital well-being was examined in a representative sample of newlywed couples. The sample consisted of couples who completed baseline (time of marriage) and first anniversary assessments as part of the Buffalo Newlywed Study (n = 543). After controlling for sociodemographic variables, initial relationship satisfaction, and verbal aggression, wives who experienced physical aggression from their husbands during the first year of marriage reported increased stress and lower marital satisfaction at the first anniversary. Further, they were more likely to report separation from husbands due to marital problems during the first year of marriage. Experiences of partner physical aggression during the premarital period were associated with greater frequency of heavy drinking episodes among wives, although they were not associated with changes in average daily volume of ethanol consumed. Results suggest that among a community sample, experiences of husband-to-wife physical aggression have negative consequences for both women's psychological well-being and marital functioning.     

论挪用公款罪的界定

第58届联合国大会通过的《联合国反腐败公约》,明确规定了可以定罪的9种腐败行为,挪用公款是其中之一。我国刑法对挪用公款罪早有明确规定,但刑法规定比较抽象、概括,以致在理论界和司法实践方面都存在许多问题,本文结合刑法中犯罪构成理论及立法解释、司法解释对挪用公款罪加以分析、界定。     

当前毒品测试的检材及方法

严峻的毒品形势使禁毒已成为我们公安工作的重要内容,当前缉毒检测工作的一个重点就是不断研究出快速准确的毒品检测方法。人体内毒品成分测试可用的检材有很多,采用最多的检材是尿液。常用的方法有仪器和非仪器两种。无论哪种方法,最初的筛选采用的都是免疫测试的方法。这也是当前流行的方法及研究的一个重要课题。本文将从检材和方法两方面进行人体内毒品成分检测的讨论。     

The GC–MS detection and characterization of reticuline as a marker of opium use

Reticuline (a precursor of opium alkaloids) was detected and characterised as its trimethylsilyl ethers, acetyl esters and methyl ethers by GC–EIMS and GC–CIMS in opium and the urine of opium users after hydrolysis by acid or β-glucuronidase as coextractive of morphine. Because this compound cannot be detected in heroin and poppy seeds, it is suggested as a differentiating marker between opium and heroin use, opium and poppy seeds use, or opium and “pharmaceutical” codeine use in cases when opiate use has been confirmed by detection of morphine and codeine in the urine. As well as being a constituent of opium, reticuline in the urine of opium users may also result from the metabolic demethylation of the three other benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline opium alkaloids: codamine, laudanosine and laudanine.     

FROM ADDICTION TO ABSTINENCE: MAXIMIZING THE CHANCES OF SUCCESS

While advances in neuroscience have clearly delineated the areas of the brain that are affected by mood-altering drugs, the success rate of treatment for people dependent upon or addicted to these drugs remains essentially unchanged over the last several decades. This is due in large part to paying inadequate attention to the craving that occurs after discontinuing a mood-altering drug that produces physical dependency. This article will review the changes that occur when one becomes physically dependent on a mood-altering drug and the process to follow in order to maximize the chances of success in maintaining abstinence when drug use has been discontinued.     

大学生集群行为的分析和对策

大学生是一个特殊的社会群体，他们的集群行为具有偶发性、失控性等特点；具有模仿、感染等心理特征。大学生集群行为发展有四个阶段酝酿、兴起、爆发、平息。控制集群行为可通过认知矫正、情绪转化、示范效应来完成。     

集体土地所有权补偿问题探析

劳动群众(农民)集体土地所有权是我国土地公有权的重要形态,其土地权益受法律的保护。根据我国《宪法》的规定,国家为了公共利益的需要,可以依法对集体土地实行征收或征用并给予补偿。以此法律规定为基础,对土地补偿中的补偿前提、补偿原则、补偿主体和被补偿主体、补偿程序、补偿范围和补偿标准、补偿实现以及法律责任等有关问题作了全面的分析和深入的探讨。