Self-reported personality traits in forensic populations: a meta-analysis

The current study covers a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of self-reported deviant or disruptive personality traits: anger, aggression, hostility, antisocial traits, psychopathy, and impulsivity in forensic populations worldwide. A computer-based search of titles was carried out using the PubMed electronic database for articles published in English that included a self-report instrument for personality characteristics in combination with a forensic population (i.e. detained in remand, sentenced and/or in enforced treatment, or on parole). The final sample consisted of 39 studies (N?=?11,716) that together used 17 different instruments and reported on 32 subscales or constructs that fitted our current interest. Results showed significantly higher levels of self-reported antisocial and psychopathic features in forensic samples, including a significant effect of the assessment instrument and subscale used. No significant differences were found for self-reported impulsivity, anger, aggression, or hostility in forensic populations compared to norm scores of non-forensic samples. Possible explanations, including suggestions that forensic populations are prone to providing socially desirable answers on self-report questionnaires, possibly to gain advantages such as a lower prison sentence or to avoid enforced treatment, are discussed, as well as limitations, and suggestions for future research and clinical practice.     

Violence prevention in psychiatry: an umbrella review of interventions in general and forensic psychiatry

Relative risks of violence in psychiatric patients are high compared to the general population and existing evidence in non-psychiatric populations may not translate to reductions in violence in psychiatric populations. We searched 10 databases including Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL and Scopus, from inception until August 2015 for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of violence prevention interventions in psychiatry. Reviews were included if they used a hard outcome measure (i.e. police or hospital recorded violence, or reincarceration) and contained randomized or non-randomized controlled studies. Five reviews met our inclusion criteria (n = 8876 patients in total), of which four received a GRADE rating of ‘low’ or ‘very low’. Three randomized studies (n = 636) reported that therapeutic community interventions may reduce reincarceration in drug-using offenders with co-occurring mental illness (‘moderate’ GRADE rating). The lack of intervention research in violence prevention in general and forensic psychiatry suggests that interventions from non-psychiatric populations may need to be relied upon.     

裁判请求权保障与法院审判人员的优化配置

在实行法官员额制改革过程中,必须一并考虑法院审判人员的分类管理和优化配置问题。在民事诉讼中,为保障公民的裁判请求权,对于民事纠纷案件的审理,必须配置入额法官;对于非讼案件的审理、诉前或审前的法院调解以及立案登记等程序事项的处理应交由司法实务官进行,从而让法官专注于民事纠纷案件的审判,以更好地落实公民的裁判请求权保障之宪法理念。司法事务官不同于助理审判员,其不能审理所有的民事案件;司法事务官也不同于法官助理,司法事务官不是法官的助手,其可以依法独立行使职权。司法事务官不是宪法意义上的处理民事纠纷的法官,司法事务官不必进入法官员额。     

刑法方法理论的若干基本问题

刑法方法与具体问题相联系,属于刑法学研究的内容;刑法方法论与世界观相联系,一般地属于法理学研究的内容。每一种方法都有自己的功能,也有自己的局限性,仅仅使用一种方法是无法完整地研究刑法学的。在现代刑法理论的构建中,比较研究方法是值得我国学者特别重视的方法,体系性方法是最重要的方法之一,刑法理想对刑法方法的选择具有根本性的指引作用。从总体上说,综合的方法才是最好的刑法方法。     

科学发展观的系统思考--兼析中央司法警官学院的发展定位

高校的健康发展,首先取决于定位的准确与否,只有找准自己的定位,才能明确发展的方向、努力的目标和实现目标的战略与途径.而要找准自己的定位则离不开始终坚持以科学的发展观为指导.     

制定《商事通则》论纲--以总体思路、体系结构为研究内容

制定《商事通则》的总体思路是 :《商事通则》只应调整那些传统民法难以或不便调整的以营利为目的的社会关系 ;应以企业作为主要规范对象 ;只应将总纲性的法律规范 ,以及不宜以商事单行法的形式规范或以商事单行形式规范成本过高的内容包含进去 ;其法律属性应为具有较多公法规范的私法。《商事通则》的体系结构应根据我国现实的理论、立法和实践确定 ,应在《商事通则》的篇首置“基本原则”章。     

系统法学视域下的金融消费者法律保护——以结构要素分析中美制度

在全球金融危机的影响犹在之时,对金融消费者充分保护的重要性愈来愈突显出来。本文以系统法学的视域下结构要素为切入点,审视对金融消费者的法律保护,通过讨论美国在金融消费者保护领域的制度安排及改革,反思中国当前对于金融消费者保护的不足之处,探寻保护金融消费者的有效途径。     

论抢劫罪、强奸罪客观行为之异同

对于抢劫罪与强奸罪的客观行为,在目前我国的刑法基本文本中表述是大致相同的.由此,在学界,关于如何理解刑法第263条抢劫罪与刑法第236条强奸罪的客观行为有了一定的争议.在目前我国刑法文本的框架下,采取体系解释的方式,两个条文中共同存在的“暴力、胁迫或者其他方法”的客观行为具有较为巨大的差异性和不同性,基于两个条文的自身...     

系统检验方法在可疑文件鉴定中运用

通过对近年来成功解决的几起可疑文件鉴定的典型案例分析,较详细地阐述在文件鉴定实践中,如何运用系统检验的思想,通过可疑文件上留下的细微变造痕迹,巧妙识别可疑文件的伪造手段和方法,为法庭提供科学、可信的证据,取信于法官、律师及当事人,使得案件最终圆满审结.在面对某些疑难案件的鉴定中,在鉴定思路和方法上对文件检验人员,有一定的启示作用.