Group size does matter: differences among sexual assaults committed by lone,double, and groups of three or more perpetrators

ABSTRACT

We compared a total of 340 sexual assault cases based on offender characteristics, victim characteristics, and offence behaviours to identify differences among sexual assaults committed by lone, double, and groups of three or more perpetrators in South Korea. Several differences were found among sexual assaults committed by varying numbers of offenders. First, lone, double, and groups of three or more perpetrators differed with respect to age, marital status, and employment status. Second, substantial differences in victim characteristics were observed with respect to age and the victim–offender (v–o) relationship. Third, significant differences in offence behaviours, including offence type, planning, method of approach, knife possession, and stealing property, were found. Furthermore, we identified several variables that significantly predict group size using logistic regression analyses. The study has theoretical implications for understanding how group dynamics influence the behaviours of rape perpetrators, and practical implications for victim treatment and offender intervention.     

传统中国民事纠纷处理背后的德治理念及其超越

我国传统民事纠纷的处理,采与西方两当事人公平对抗不同的“三当事人主义”,纠纷解决的形态呈千变万化的脸庞。而背后支撑它的理念则是,审判不仅仅是为解决纠纷而存在,更是推行人伦教化的根据地,审判官更俨然以“父母官”自居,打着为民做主的旗号,包办了纠纷的解决。这里见不到当事人为私权自治而奋斗的主体性,一切系于法官一念之间。在现代社会价值多元的情况下,个体主体性越来越得以彰显,“三当事人主义”下的德治理念已如昨日黄花,需要改弦更张。因此,从德治迈向法治,倡导司法独立方符现代法治理念。     

三网融合与中国刑法的应对

技术发展从来就是一把双刃剑,三网融合技术在给我们生活带来翻天覆地变革的同时,也给传统刑法理论带来巨大的冲击。新的犯罪类型的出现,犯罪行为方式在网络空间中的转变,使得传统刑法在应对方面显得捉襟见肘。修改刑法确实可以短期内解决问题,但是长远来看扩张揭示更是一种可取的思路。     

“共同人性”与“差等人性”的重新反思

“共同人性”与“差等人性”是人性问题上纠缠不清、争论不休的古老话题。历史上,“共同人性”曾经遭到“性三品”论和“阶级人性”论的冲击和批判,当下又遭到非本质主义哲学的解构,似乎振振有词,理直气壮,其实矛盾百出,遗患甚多。重新盘点、比较、甄别和反思中外思想史上关于“共同人性”与“差等人性”论述的得失,清除差等人性论,肯定共同人性论,不仅在当下具有极大的理论和实践上的拨乱反正意义,而且对于自觉认识和把握普遍人性,顺应人性制定政策方针、实现国泰民安,具有十分重要的启迪意义。     

百年来中国的三次伟大革命与三次民族觉醒

20世纪以来中国发生了三次历史性巨变的伟大革命,在中华民族发展的历史进程中产生了极其深刻的影响。第一次革命以意识觉醒为特征,唤起了中华民族近代思想的醒悟。第二次革命以方向觉醒为特征,标志着中国人民政治道路的抉择。第三次革命以模式觉醒为特征,显示现代化建设模式的创新。中华民族通过三次革命,实现了意识觉醒、方向觉醒和模式觉醒,这就为创造社会主义制度、实现现代化的世界先例打下了良好的基础。     

The Accuracy and Applicability of 3D Modeling and Printing Blunt Force Cranial Injuries

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting the accuracy of 3D models and 3D prints of cranial blunt force trauma, to evaluate the applicability and limitations of modeling such injuries. Three types of cranial blunt force lesions were documented (hinge, depressed, and comminuted) using three forms of surface scanning (laser, structured light scanner, and photogrammetry) at two different quality settings (standard and high). 3D printed models of the lesions were produced using two different materials (a gypsum‐like composite powder called VisiJet^® PXL and an acrylic engineered composite plastic called VisiJet^® M3 in crystal colour). The results of these analyzes indicate the prints in this study exhibit some statistically significant differences from the actual bone lesions, but details of the lesions can be reproduced to within 2 mm accuracy.     

三要素侦查法初探

凡事皆有时,凡事皆有地,凡事皆为变。时间、空间、变化三个概念构成了人们认知世界的基本要素。三要素侦查法就是指:研究、寻找犯罪的时间条件、空间条件、变化条件,针对案件在时、空、变三个方面的特定性,全面定位,综合分析,在时、空、变中找线索、求突破。三要素侦查法的实战性运用和预防性运用在侦查工作中意义重大。     

党的三代领导核心调查研究思想论析

调查研究是马克思主义中国化的桥梁。重视调查研究,是我们党的优良传统。党的三代领导核心都在马克思主义的基础上,结合当时中国的国情和时代特征,准确地论述了调查研究的地位和作用以及如何大兴调查研究之风,形成了各具特色的调查研究思想。     

新时期提升基层民警做好群众工作能力的探索与思考

公安部把"会做群众工作"作为"三基"工程建设中苦练基本功的一项重要内容。专项工作和群众路线相结合,是我国公安工作的特色和优势。在新的历史时期,基层民警要正确处理好公安机关与人民群众的关系,要坚持走群众路线,相信和依靠群众,要积极探索新形势下发动群众、依靠群众做好公安工作的新思想、新办法,把公安工作深深地扎根于人民群众之中,打牢公安工作的基础。     

马克思主义中国化新的重大成果——《江泽民文选》导读

《江泽民文选》的出版发行,具有重大的政治意义和现实意义,它为学习和运用“三个代表”重要思想提供了最好的教材。只有系统把握、深刻领会“三个代表”重要思想中一系列富有独创性的理论成果,才能真正全面把握其科学的思想体系。