From Sancitity to Screening: Genetic Disabilities, Risk and Rhetorical Strategies in Wrongful Birth and Wrongful Conception Cases

This analysis scrutinises the rhetorical strategies used by judges in wrongful life and wrongful birth actions as evidence for the assertion that the judicial reading of public policy in such cases has undergone a significant shift which is likely to accelerate as genetic knowledge grows and health care resources shrink. The implications of the predicted move towards increased genetic testing of prospective parents are traversed in relation to feminist analyses of the impact of genetics on reproductive technology. These are viewed as forming a nexus with the current social constructions of disability and the contemporary cultural preoccupation with risk, in a context of the increasing commercial importance of genetic information. It is argued that women cannot make free and informed choices about genetic testing and pregnancy unless legal and social mechanisms which protect those choices are in place. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

20世纪我国侦查理论研究的发展轨迹

20世纪我国侦查理论研究的发展轨迹可分为前50年和后50年两个阶段.前50年沿两条轨迹发展一是从清末的修律开始,以沈家本为代表的法学学者对侦查的理论研究;二是从我党在江西瑞金创建革命政权开始,革命的政法工作者对侦查的理论研究.后50年也沿两条轨迹发展一是我国公安学体系中的侦查理论研究;二是我国法学体系中的侦查理论研究.20世纪我国侦查理论研究经历了不同的社会形态,其间既有曲折和倒退,又有发展和辉煌,终于在20世纪后期确立了侦查学的学科地位.     

吉林省设立综合配套改革试验区刍议

从特区到开发新区再到综合配套改革试验区的发展过程是从争取国家给予政策支持到争取国家给予发展自由度的过程。吉林省资源丰富,但经济社会发展中却没有亮点,缺乏超常规发展的契机。因此,在国家将实行更加宽松的政策和更大的自由度来发展试验区的形势下,吉林省要紧紧抓住这一有利时机,积极争取综合配套改革试点,以此作为区域发展的新契机。     

Molecular characterization of a null allele at locus DXS8378

Typing of X-chromosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci in a deficiency paternity case revealed a single Mendelian incompatibility between a female child and her putative grandmother, consisting of an opposite homozygosity at locus DXS8378. The presence of a null allele due to a primer binding site mutation on the child's paternally inherited X chromosome was confirmed by amplification with newly designed DXS8378 external primers. Sequencing analysis showed a point mutation (C > T transition at position 168, according to GenBank accession G08098) in the binding site of the original DXS8378 reverse primer.     

论司法实践中的痕迹鉴定和同一认定结论

痕迹鉴定是一种司法活动，经鉴定后得出的结论尤其是同一认定结论在司法实践中具有很大的价值，某些时候成为定案的主要或唯一证据。但在实践中，却曾发现本来只能给出种类认定等其它结论，却得出了同一认定结论；或者能够得出同一结论却只给出种类认定等其它结论。前者有可能误导法官，被法庭采信成为定案的证据之一，导致冤、假、错案：后者则淹没了同一认定结论在司法实践中应有的价值。只有掌握痕迹鉴定的规律，充分挖掘痕迹本身的信息，才能最大程度发挥同一认定结论的司法价值。     

证言真实性的审查与判断——陈述有效性评估技术

在证言研究中有一著名的理论假设:即来自于真实经历的证言与经他人教唆或自己幻想产生的证言是有区别的。现代的法庭科学与司法心理学也证实了"亲身经历过的事件记忆与想象记忆有着质的差异"。建立在上述差异基础上所形成的陈述有效性评估技术,专门用于检测言词的准确性,现已经在一些西方国家得以运用,在个别国家还甚至被运用于刑事领域。     

心理测试技术中情绪机制的应用

心理测试技术是一项多学科综合应用的产物,但心理学是其最重要的理论根基和发展动力。个体情绪机制是心理测试技术存在和应用的一个重要的心理学原理。在实际应用中,还必须结合犯罪嫌疑人情绪机制的特点,分析其在测前谈话中的调动作用,在正式测试中的聚焦作用和在测后谈话中的突破作用。     

Development and validation of the Cozart DDS oral fluid collection device

The testing of oral fluid for drugs of abuse has increased significantly over recent years and is now commonplace in drug rehabilitation clinics, the workplace, prisons and custody suites. The global problem of identifying drugged drivers has also led to an increase in oral fluid testing at the roadside. The main requirements for the implementation of roadside drug testing are a rapid sample collection time, collection of a known sample volume and recovery of drugs from the collection device. We report here the development of the Cozart^® DDS oral fluid collector, an oral fluid collector that combines rapid and adequate sample collection with satisfactory drug recovery. Oral fluid was collected from drug users (n = 134) and drug-free individuals (n = 137), using the Cozart^® DDS oral fluid collector. The mean time for the completion of collection (full coloration of the sample presence indicator) was 34 s for drug-free individuals and 44 s for drug users. The average volume collected was 0.34 mL (n = 271). No chemical stimulant (to induce salivation) was used to achieve the collection times observed in either the drug-free or the drug-taking sample populations. Drugs were extracted from the collector using the Cozart^® DDS buffer and drug recovery was determined by Cozart^® enzyme immunoassays. The recovery studies showed that for amphetamine, Δ⁹THC, cocaine, methadone, methamphetamine, morphine and temazepam over 90% of the drug in the sample was eluted from the collector. The Cozart^® DDS oral fluid collector provides a reliable mechanism for the collection of oral fluid at the roadside that achieves the rapid collection times required.     

印文、手印与复印墨痕形成顺序的实验研究

通过实验与检案相结合,提出了解决复印套印法变造文书所涉及的变造事实的确定、复印变造内容与印泥、印油印文、手印形成的先后顺序等问题的方法.     

痕检技术实验教学如何体现公安特色

公安院校应正确理解公安教育痕检技术实验课的性质,针对目前各公安高校课程实置和实施的现状,结合公安实践中的需要,改革公安痕检技术实验课的教学模式,分类设置,实施多种教学方法,提高教学效果。