论汽车车体信息统计数据库在交通事故物证鉴定中的作用

建立汽车车体信息统计数据库对高效处理交通事故来说很有必要。对汽车车体信息 (诸如油漆数据信息、塑料数据信息、反光膜数据信息、橡胶数据信息、玻璃数据信息、车架号数据信息以及车辆轮距与轴距数据信息等 )进行统计收集 ,以合理的标准建立数据库 ,并且用计算机系统进行辅助检索。这样将会使以前交通事故处理过程中进行的走访调查寻找样本的传统的方法得以改善 ,有利于交通事故处理的科学化。     

道路交通事故受伤人员后期医疗费评估的法医学探讨

目的　探讨 13 71例交通事故中受伤人员后期医疗费的影响因素 ,并为此类案例后期医疗费的法医学评估积累经验。　方法　设定影响因素参数为“评估时间、是否评残及后期有无手术” ,并行卡方检验。　结果　评估时间在 1月内者为 475例 ,3月内者 1118例 ;评估时间的不同、是否评残及后期有无手术等因素对后期医疗费的影响有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1)。　结论　后期医疗费的法医学评估是必要的 ,原则上应依据“普及价格”并考虑多种影响因素综合评估     

BGP异常流量生成器的设计与实现

BGP协议支持的路由系统的问题不仅反映在转发平面的数据流量上,更会首先表现在控制平面的流量上。为便于在实验环境中对BGP异常流量进行主动测量,本文提出了一种基于精简有限状态机的方法,设计并实现了一个BGP异常流量生成器。该工具用于在实验环境中产生各种BGP异常流量。实验表明通过这种方法构造的BGP异常流量是有效的。     

农村派出所协助维护县乡道路交通秩序的实践与思考

交巡警警力不足造成了当前县乡道路交通失管失控、事故损失不断上升的现象。应在一些地方农村派出所协管交通的实践基础上,建立将交巡警重点整治和农村派出所日常管理相结合的管理模式,以探索县乡道路交通管理在现有法制体系下的新方法。     

公共场所挤压踩伤事故的处置策略

挤压踩伤事故是指人们在公共场所活动中,由于人群拥挤、秩序混乱、建筑物倒塌等造成的人员伤亡事故。其特征有:突发性、流动性、复杂性、后果严重性。处置策略有:迅速反应,驾驭现场;快速协调,果断处置;开展事故调查,认定事故性质;追究责任,依法惩办肇事者和责任人;做好善后工作。     

交通肇事逃逸案件法医检验鉴定应注意的问题

在对交通肇事逃逸案件进行法医检验鉴定时,应注意认真确定案件性质,分清损伤主要特征,认真勘验、记录死伤者的损伤情况,仔细提取微量物证,切实做好社会调查取证工作。     

道路交通事故死者MSCT扫描与尸体解剖结果的比较

目的使用多层螺旋CT(MSCT)对道路交通事故中死者的损伤进行观察分析,探索MSCT在道路交通事故鉴定中的应用价值。方法对10例道路交通事故死亡者进行全身MSCT扫描,随后进行系统尸体解剖,并将两者的结果进行对比,分析两者在获取交通事故损伤信息方面的优点和不足。结果 MSCT可以清晰显示身体各部位骨折三维形态特征,并可检查到全身各部位的积气,相对于尸体解剖优势明显;但对于器官和软组织损伤的检测,MSCT的分辨率有限。结论对于道路交通事故死者,确定死亡方式和死亡原因的最好方法是联合进行MSCT检查和尸体解剖。     

Unintentional Nonhunting Firearm Deaths in Sweden, 1983–2012

We examined the association between unintentional nonhunting firearm deaths and changes in firearm legislation in Sweden. There were 43 fatalities during the study time frame 1983–2012, representing 46% of all unintentional firearm deaths during the same period. The victims were predominantly young males (mean age 25 years). Slightly more than half of the deaths were caused by another person and were inflicted at close range. The main cause of the incidents was human error. The majority of the involved firearms were legal; however, most victims killed with illegal firearms were under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs at the time. The death rate decreased significantly following the introduction of the hunter's examination in 1985. Education and training associated with the hunter's examination was at least partially responsible for the decline in fatalities after 1985. Future prevention should target the availability of illegal firearms.     

Mapping the knowledge of traffic collision Reconstruction: A scientometric analysis in CiteSpace,VOSviewer, and SciMAT

Traffic collisions are incidents with high fatality rate which generate billions of US dollars of loss worldwide each year. Post-collision scene reconstruction, which involves knowledge of multiple disciplines, is an important approach to restore the traffic collision and infer the cause of it. This paper uses software CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and SciMAT to conduct a visualization study of knowledge mapping on the literature of traffic collision scene reconstruction from 2001 to 2021 based on the Web of Science database. Knowledge mapping is a cutting-edge research method in scientometric, which has been widely applied in medicine and informatics. Compared with traditional literature review, knowledge mapping with visual techniques identifies hot keywords and key literature in the field more scientifically, and displays them in schematic diagrams intuitively which allows to further predict potential hotspots. A total of 803 original papers are retrieved to analyze and discuss the evolution of the field in the past 20 years, from macro to micro, in term of background information, popular themes, and knowledge structure. Results indicate the number of publications in this field is limited, and collaborations among authors and among institutions are insufficient. In the meantime, mappings imply the top three hot themes being scene reconstruction, computer technology, and injuries. The introduction of AI related technologies, such as neural networks and genetic algorithms, into collision reconstruction would be a potential research direction.