公司法律本质的双维分析

公司在法律本质上不仅是具有法人资格的营利性组织,从其内部关系分析,更是一种长期的契约关系。但公司法律本质的契约性,不同于以个别契约为模型的古典契约,而是以维护有机团结为主旨的关系契约,麦克尼尔的关系契约学说对公司内部关系具有解释力。     

Irish Unification After Brexit: Old and New Political Identities?

This article contends that the outcome of the prolonged dispute about the future constitutional status of Northern Ireland (NI) will be shaped by the emerging dynamic between ‘old’ and ‘new’ political identities in NI. The ‘old’ identities conceived political outcomes as defined by two monolithic ethno-cultural blocs: nationalism (alongside republicanism) and unionism (alongside loyalism). Nationalism and unionism formed the ‘two communities model’ of consociational governance enshrined in the Belfast/Good Friday Agreement (B/GFA). Today, despite the Agreement being in existence for over twenty years, growing numbers of citizens identify with neither ethno-cultural category. Recent elections indicate that more pluralistic ‘new’ political identities are gaining ground at the expense of traditional alignments. The implications for NI's constitutional future are likely to be profound. The emerging constituency of non-aligned voters will have a decisive impact on the final outcome of any border poll on Irish unification. Such voters typically support the cross-community Alliance Party, the Greens, or the left People Before Profit (PBP) party. Crucially, these parties are concerned as much with economic and social issues as constitutional questions. In the context of growing political fluidity, the result of any future border poll remains contingent.     

Bicameralism in the European Union: parliamentary scrutiny as a tool for reinforcing party unity

During recent years, the European Union has increasingly been portrayed as a bicameral political system in which political parties build bridges across the European Parliament (EP) and the Council. From this perspective, national parties’ representation in the Council should affect their members’ voting behaviour in the EP. Survey evidence reveals that most members of the EP (MEPs) frequently receive voting instructions from ‘their’ ministers. Accordingly, these MEPs should have a higher likelihood of defecting from their European Political Group. The observed voting instructions imply that the voting preferences of MEPs and their ministers differ. This article argues that parliamentary scrutiny may be one way effectively to coordinate on a common position at an early stage and, consequently, reinforce party unity at the voting stage. However, effective scrutiny depends on national parliaments being strong enough. On the empirical side, this article studies the voting behaviour of MEPs from eight member states during the Sixth EP. We include four national parliaments which the literature conceives of as being strong (DK, DE, SF, SK) and four parliaments conceived of as being weak (FR, IE, IT, UK). Overall, the results support the theoretical argument, thereby demonstrating how domestic-level scrutiny affects EU-level voting behaviour.     

Toe the line,break the whip: explaining floor dissent in parliamentary democracies

This article analyses the drivers of individual dissent in floor voting in parliamentary regimes. It focuses on the effect of ideological heterogeneity in legislative parties on individual MPs’ voting behaviour, as well as the different incentives caused by the differing consequences of defection and abstention. Combining individual-level survey and voting data from the Swedish Riksdag, neither of which is subject to selection bias, the study overcomes several limitations of previous research. It shows that MPs’ decisions to dissent are partly driven by ideological differences with their party, but also by the imperatives of maintaining a government majority in a parliamentary regime, along with the level of influence MPs exert on legislation. It also highlights the importance of distinguishing between abstaining from voting and defecting. Merely pooling the two oversimplifies the behaviour of MPs.     

科学发展观的辩证视野

发展观,是人们对经济社会发展总的看法和根本观点。科学发展观,是以人为本的、全面、协调和可持续的发展观。科学发展观是一种世界观,也是一种方法论,体现了主体与客体的辩证统一、质变和量变相统一、历史和逻辑的统一。     

民族团结进步:中国特色社会主义在广西的伟大实践

改革开放以来,我们党把马克思主义中国化的最新理论成果、党的改革开放路线方针同各地区、各部门、各单位的具体实际有机结合起来,使中国特色社会主义不断获得了适合本国国情、符合各地区各单位实际情况的最好实践形式。民族团结进步是社会主义的核心价值要求,也是中国特色社会主义的本质内含。广西作为多民族共同居住和生活、实行民族区域自治的地区,成为中国民族团结进步的典范,是中国特色社会主义在广西的成功实践。     

社会主义市场经济视域中的义利观及邓小平的义利统一思想

义利之辨是古往今来一切伦理学家为寻求正确的价值观所开展的伦理思维活动。邓小平的义利统一思想是中国特色社会主义理论体系的重要内容,对当代中国社会主义市场经济建设具有重要的指导意义。     

论杂散居民族工作与民族团结

文章通过对杂散居民族的特点及问题的分析,提出在新时期加强民族工作与民族团结的对策措施。     

论立法民主性与违宪审查之制度博弈

中国宪政梦想的实现急需建构违宪审查制度.违宪审查制度与立法权尊奉民主两者呈现出既是悖论矛盾又是内在互益之制度博弈关系.实质性推进我国宪政建设必须积极建构违宪审查制度,从而实现消解悖论和寻求平衡的博弈目标.     

对立中求统一：正确处理解放思想中的矛盾与难题

解放思想是发展中国特色社会主义的重要法宝。在解放思想中常常会遇到各种矛盾,主要有：解放思想与坚持四项基本原则的矛盾,解放思想与统一认识的矛盾,解放思想与弘扬传统的矛盾,解放思想与求真务实的矛盾以及解放思想与循序前进的矛盾。必须学会运用对立统一规律化解这些矛盾。