俄罗斯北极资源开发政策的新框架

俄罗斯为实现北极利益最大化,以扇形原则、先占原则和自然延伸原则为法律依据主张对北极资源行使主权控制。扇形原则因缺乏国际法论据而受到国际社会的反对,但俄罗斯基于国家利益需要不会放弃扇形原则的主张,并以自然延伸原则巩固对北极资源的控制权,这种权利是经济属性的主权权利并受到国际法的严格限制,只能依据科学证明来争取北极大陆架资源拥有权。同时,俄罗斯积极采用共同开发政策对北极资源进行权利控制,通过与相关国家签订临时协议拥有对北极争议区自然资源的开采权,这些对非北冰洋国家和《海洋法公约》将产生重大影响。国际社会有必要对俄罗斯北极资源开发政策高度重视,通过现有法律途径承担起维护人类共同继承财产的责任。     

东北地区农业系统资源利用方式及其效益的历史变迁

历史上东北地区水草丰沛,森林茂密,沼泽遍地。生息繁衍于此的东北先民,或渔猎,或游牧,或农耕。明清以来,尤其是清中期实行招垦政策以来,东北地区的荒田、草地、山林、沼泽,均得到了大面积的农业开发,造成农田系统对草地系统、森林系统、沼泽系统不断包抄与逐渐挤压,深刻影响了东北地区的作物布局与耕地制度。受此影响,东北地区种植业系统功能日益强化,而畜牧业系统、林业系统以及渔猎系统功能呈日渐式微趋势,外来移民的大量涌入以及放垦政策的大力推行难辞其咎。     

Expressions of IL -1α, IL -1β and IL -13 mRNA in Lung Tissue and Serum of Rats Drown in Fresh WaterCSCD

Objective: To detect the changes of (interleukin, IL)-1α, IL-1βand IL-13 mRNA in lung tissue and serum of drown rats, and to explore the potential value for the diagnosis of drowning in forensic practice. Methods: Eighteen SD rats were randomly divided into drowning group, blank control group and myocardial infarction group (as control group). The serum of right ventricular, the inferior lobe of right lung and the myocardium were taken from the rats in different groups. The expressions of IL- 1α, IL-1βand IL-13 mRNA in the lung tissue and the serum of right ventricular were detected by TaqMan probe method. Results: The expression differences of IL-1α, IL-1βand IL-13 mRNA in lung tissue between drowning group and blank control group, myocardial infarction group were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The expression of IL-1βand IL-13 mRNA in serum of right ventricular increased (P<0.05). The expression differences of IL-1α, IL-1βand IL-13 mRNA in serum between blank control group and myocardial infarction group were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: The changes of cytokines IL-1βand IL-13 mRNA in the serum of right ventricular of drown rats are statistical significance, which are highly correlated with drowning. © 2018 by the Editorial Department of Journal of Forensic Medicine.     

HRM: Performance Relationship: Need for Further Development?

The last decade of empirical research on the HRM value additions, also known as the “HRM and performance” debate, demonstrates evidence that HRM does matter (Huselid, 1995 Huselid, M. 1995. The impact of human resource management on turnover, productivity and corporate financial performance. Academy of Management Journal, 38(3): 635–672. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]; Guest et al., 2003 Guest, D.E., Michie, J., Conway, N. and Sheehan, M. 2003. Human resource management and corporate performance in the UK. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 41(2): 291–314. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]; Wright et al., 2003 Wright, P., Gardner, M. and Moynihan, L. 2003. The impact of HR practices on the performance of business units. Human Resources Management Journal, 13(4): 21–36.  [Google Scholar]; Rehman et al., 2010). Unfortunately, the relationships are often statistically weak and the results ambiguous. This article reviews and attempts to extend the theoretical and methodological issues in this debate. Its aim is to build an agenda for future research in this area. A brief overview of achievements to date is followed by the theoretical and methodological issues related to what constitutes HRM, what is meant by the concept of performance, and the nature of the link between these two. In the final section, it is argued that research designs should start from a multi-dimensional concept of performance, including the perceptions of employees, and build on the premise of HR systems as an enabling device for a whole range of strategic options. This implies a reversal of the strategy-HRM linkage.     

Normalizing Masculinities in Water Bureaucracy in Thailand

This article addresses the question of whether the culture of masculinity, which is dominant in the water bureaucracy of Thailand, has been changing since the country officially adopted the international paradigm shift towards an integrated approach that emphasizes, among other things, gender equality and women's participation in water resources management. Despite official rhetoric, masculinities have held sway in organizational structure and behavior. Women in both traditional and new water agencies, and those under their mandates, continue to be disadvantaged and excluded. More potent change measures, such as strong gender-sensitive capacity building, are needed. To succeed, such measures may also require broader reforms in state bureaucracy.     

红色资源的抢救挖掘与利用——以《口述历史·延安的红色岁月》项目为例

《口述历史·延安的红色岁月》项目是干部教育培训资源挖掘开发的创新,是资源优势转化为教学优势的重组成部分,它以反映党中央在延安十三年史为基础,具有访问范围的广泛性、访问内容的针对性、访问流程的科学性、影像技术的独创性、媒资管理的先进性等特点。本文主论述了该项目的背景和意义、项目设计的基本思路、项目在运行过程中需处理的几个关系、项目实施的规范化和科学化、项目成果的转化和运用等五项内容。     

我国水资源面临的挑战与应对之策

当前我国水资源面临水污染严重、水资源分布不均衡导致灾害频繁以及由此带来的粮食灌溉问题等多方面的挑战。要应对这些挑战,就必须实施水利改革、实行最严格的水资源管理和依靠科技进步,大力发展节水灌溉事业。     

固相微萃取结合气相色谱法测定水样中痕量扑草净

目的建立气相色谱法（GC）测定水样中扑草净残留量的方法。方法采用顶空-固相微萃取（HS-SPME）分离、净化和富集水样中的分析物,并对实验参数如萃取时间、萃取温度、离子强度和pH范围进行了优化。结果 GC结合HS-SPME检测扑草净的线性范围为0.5~10μg/L,相关系数r2=0.999 9,方法的检出限为0.05μg/L。水样的加标回收率为101.5%~103.0%,相对标准偏差为1.01%。结论该方法适于测定水样中扑草净残留量。     

液相色谱-电喷雾离子阱质谱联用测定水中14种除草剂

目的建立水中14种除草剂液相色谱-电喷雾离子阱质谱联用分析方法。方法水样经固相萃取,洗脱液过膜后直接进行液相色谱-电喷雾离子阱质谱联用分析。结果水中14种除草剂定量分析线性关系良好,相关系数为0.995～0.998,检测限在0.005μg/mL～0.045μg/mL之间,在低、中、高3个不同浓度下,平均回收率在70.5%～110.2%之间,日内RSD均小于10.2%,日间RSD均小于14.4%。结论该方法具有快速、灵敏、高效等优点,能够满足相关司法鉴定工作的要求。     

China's engagement in South America and Africa's extractive sectors: new perspectives for resource curse theories

Abstract

China's engagement in South America and Africa's extractive sectors has increased significantly in the last decade. How comparable are the African and South American cases from a developmental perspective? This article explores resource curse theories, arguing that the ‘curses’ often associated to extraction are historically produced dynamic processes that need to be reevaluated in light of China's direct and indirect impacts on resource-endowed countries. It elaborates a framework to compare the developmental dynamics entailed by China's involvement in the South American and African extractive sectors, distinguishing between external, internal and intrinsic ‘curses’. The article holds that China's growth and investment have strengthened the position of resource-endowed countries in the international economy, revitalizing resource industries and improving terms of trade for commodities. Concurrently, the expansion of extractive activities has brought about increased environmental and economic sustainability challenges. Divergences between the African and South American cases are best observed at the national levels, where China's non-interventionist approach has different developmental implications depending on internal trends within investment host countries.