Sharing natural resource management responsibility: Examining the New Zealand rock lobster co-management experience

Co-management, in which government and resource users share responsibility for managing a natural resource, is attracting considerable attention in both public policy and common pool resource research. However, little is understood about how this approach arises in a mature regulatory setting, or about its strengths and weaknesses. This study uses the experience of the New Zealand rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii and Sagmariasus verreauxi) industry to illustrate what co-management is and how it develops. This is followed by an assessment of co-management in this regime. Development of co-management is an evolutionary process that requires commitment from both government and industry. Strengthened property rights and management expertise provide the incentives and tools to develop a robust co-management regime. However the characteristics of the property rights bundle must be carefully matched to the regime’s biological, social, and regulatory setting.     

西方国家水务民营化差异探究

西方国家水务民营化方式主要有全面民营化、公私伙伴关系和法律禁止民营化三种。西方国家水务民营化差异成因可能有文化或社会上的解释、经济学和理性选择的解释和制度上的解释。这些解释可以通过引入变量进行模型分析,然后得出初步结论,即水务民营化与水务物质技术特征有关,与社会利益表达机制有关。     

西部区域生态移民的科学性和运作模式——对甘肃省民勤县以水定人的调查和分析

本文以对甘肃省民勤县的深入调查为基础,按照以水定人的思路,在认真分析目前该县的水生态环境对人口发展、经济增长和社会进步的严重影响的基础上,提出了具体的生态移民的规划思路、移民设计和运作模式等。     

加入WTO与党的人才战略

加入WTO,我国人才队伍建设面临着严峻的挑战。传统产业人才过剩,现代化建设所急需的高、精、尖、复合型人才短缺;现行人才管理制度尚不完善,人力资源开发利用的体制和文化环境存在缺陷;人才流失有目共睹。如何把我国丰富的人力资源优势转变为现实发展的优势,为改革开放和现代化建设提供有效的智力保障,是当前和今后很长一段时期我们必须解决的重大战略问题。     

水工程与水权

水工程涉及多种民事权利类型 ,水权只是其中一类。水工程的所有权或者用益权自身不包含、不产生水权 ,水工程用益权与水权各为独立的权利 ,所谓水利工程供水水权概念易生误会 ,应弃之不用。水工程所有权原则上归投资者享有 ,于是有必要承认地方所有权、部门所有权、法人所有权。南水北调涉及水资源所有权、水权、水工程所有权、水工程用益权 ,不可一律归结为水权。     

试论水利改革与WTO－－兼论引黄工程提前“入世”

我国加入WTO给水利行业带来良好的发展机遇 ,同时它也要求水利改革必须融入市场经济。山西引黄工程提前“入世”的实践 ,更进一步论证了入世对我国水利改革发展的促进作用。     

The New Water Legislation of Zimbabwe and South Africa – Comparison of Legal and Institutional Reform

Recently, several new pieces of water legislation have been promulgated in both Zimbabwe and the Republic of South Africa. The new acts are an attempt to correct injustices of a colonial past and to trigger development towards effective, equitable and efficient integrated water resources management influenced by the policy decisions in Agenda 21 and the need to respect economic and social human rights. This article aims at identifying and describing factors of prime importance in the process of legal and institutional reform. Major factors are earmarked and derived from the proceedings in Zimbabwe and are compared with the situation in South Africa. Thorough analysis by the author of proceedings, preambles, memoranda, legislation and addenda has induced roughly 5 major reform issues: The call for equitable water distribution based on a widely consented water resources management strategy; The need for effective and efficient integrated water resources management conducive to stakeholder participation through decentralisation processes; The redressing of legal shortcomings in former water legislation with the emphasis on the introduction of integrated approaches; The introduction of instruments of cost recovery for water resources management; The need to develop human resources capacity and institutional strength within the implementing agencies.For both Southern African states, these issues appear to be of comparable importance as major triggers for legal and institutional reform, although not always in the same sense.The resulting most important legal and institutional changes are presented, discussed and compared. Finally, prospects for and constraints on implementation of the new water legislation in these countries are compared.     

浅论营利性医疗机构人力资源管理的困境和出路

随着医疗机构分类制度的推行 ,营利性医疗机构将得到不断发展。但是营利性医疗机构的组织目标、资金来源、服务范围和手段、公众形象和以往具有福利性质的医疗机构有很大不同 ,因此营利性医疗机构的人力资源管理将面临组织成员“双重角色”的对立、管理体系“双重权威”的冲突等问题。有关人员必须坚持从实际出发 ,尊重市场经济的规律和卫生工作的特点 ,建立以责任制为中心的新的组织运行模式 ,形成适应市场经济的人力资源管理系统 ,在冲突和矛盾中寻求一致和协调 ,逐步规范和发展营利性医疗机构的人力资源管理 ,使其更好地服务于社会主义现代化建设     

广西沿海生产力布局若干问题研究

广西沿海(北海、钦州、防城港)开发建设中的生产力布局,直接影响该区域区位势能的发挥,事关广西北部湾经济区将来的发展格局。该区域合理的生产力布局要以区域经济理论为指导,立足于现有经济基础,正确处理布局与自然地理、产业选择、港口主体功能区、市场与资源的关系。     

Decentralisation and corruption: evidence from drinking water sector

This article presents empirical findings regarding the relationship between decentralisation of provision of water supply and corruption in provision of services. The current policy advice from the international agencies of aiming for decentralisation as an end in itself is questioned. The conventional wisdom that decentralisation brings management closer to the service recipients and is therefore likely to reduce corruption is also disputed. Drawing on a large database from two large Indian states of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, the interaction between various actors is analysed. We find that the level of corruption in water supply agencies run by local governments is higher than that in the agencies run by the regional government. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.