家事诉讼:比较借鉴与制度完善

鉴于家事纠纷的特殊性,各国纷纷设立了家事法院,为之配备专业的家事法官,并适用独立的诉讼程序。然而,我国尚未建立独立的家事诉讼程序,在家事审判实践上仍存在不足。为了进一步完善家事诉讼制度,妥善解决纠纷,我国应该提供家事法庭的辅导服务,构建独立的家事调解程序并贯彻子女最佳利益原则。     

对我国检察院介入民事公益诉讼的探讨

我国的检察院是法律监督机关,不宜盲目移植国外的民事公诉制度。笔者认为:民事诉讼特有的规律要求我们在立法上对检察院介入民事诉讼正确定位,而完善行政执法体制,强化行政机关职能意识,同时,由检察机关以检察建议的形式对行政机关行使督促起诉权。这是目前形成对国家和社会公益有效保护的最为现实和合理的途径。     

行政公益诉讼笔谈（下）——行政公益诉讼的原告资格

《行政诉讼法》的修改已经提上议事日程，行政公益诉讼何去何从，已经到了无法回避的地步。近年来，围绕行政公益诉讼问题可谓是观点纷呈。热吹捧者有之，冷思考者有之，反对者也不乏。为使我国行政公益诉讼制度的最终确立有一个坚实的理论基础．尚有大量的问题需要进一步探讨。这里发表的一组笔谈是黄学贤教授主持的司法部项目《行政公益诉讼研究》（06SFB5007）的阶段性成果，本刊分上、下两部分刊登。由于是笔谈，课题组成员（黄学贤教授的几位研究生：唐小娟、杨新登、李晓玲等）观点不强求一致，其宗旨是为《行政诉讼法》的修改提供一孔之见。     

对取消农业税后农村若干问题的探究

农业税取消后,农村随之产生了许多新的矛盾和问题,如何解决好这些问题,已成为摆在我们面前的重要任务。当前,应该以经济建设为中心,转变乡镇政府职能,多途径发展农村公益事业,改革土地制度,积极清理农村债务,为实现建设社会主义新农村的目标提供有力条件。     

混合福利模式:当代大学生社会福利意识测评

当代大学生普遍支持混合型的福利模式,他们既认同政府在福利供给中的主体角色,也认同个人及家庭的责任,政府、个人和家庭等共同构成了福利提供的多元主体。而教育程度、生活水平等因素并不是影响大学生福利意识的重要因素,大学生的福利意识是后物质主义价值观的结果。同时,大学生福利意识中个人主义与集体主义、普遍模式与选择模式的矛盾现象,是一种务实主义思维方式的体现。     

构建中国特色行政公益诉讼制度之思考

行政公益诉讼已成为当前我国法学界的一个热点话题。本文简要介绍了行政公益诉讼的涵义及特征,重点阐述了在我国构建行政公益诉讼制度的必要性,并从、原告资格、受案范围、举证责任等方面提出了关于构建我国特色行政公益诉讼制度的设想。     

行政公产理论问题研究

行政公产是行政主体履行公共行政管理 ,给付公共福利的物之手段。行政公产的内涵不只仅涉静态之物 ,亦包括了动态的行政债权。对行政公产可从三个基本的方面予以分疏。行政公产有诸多不同于私有产权的法律特色。     

浅谈公益诉讼的诉讼费用

新型的公益诉讼的出现使传统诉讼费用制度得到质疑,与传统诉讼形式为私利的目的不同,公益诉讼的目的是让所有的人能通过诉讼来维护国家、社会公共利益。所以为了促进人民维护公共利益的积极性,传统诉讼费用的一些制度如费用金额、预交等在公益诉讼中应进行改革或取消。     

Welfare state, unemployment, and social justice: Judgments on the rights and obligations of the unemployed

This article reports judgments on the rights and obligations of the unemployed in The Netherlands. A large majority of the Dutch population is shown to support (i) the unemployed’s right to social security as well as their obligation to work, (ii) the principle that declining a job offering should be punished, and (iii) harsh sanctions in some specific cases of job refusal. An emphasis on the obligation to work results from conservative attitudes regarding both distributive justice (economic conservatism) and retributive justice (cultural conservatism). Furthermore, conservative attitudes regarding distributive justice derive from a privileged economic position (especially high income and infrequent experience of unemployment), whereas conservative attitudes regarding retributive justice result from a restricted cultural position (low level of education, technical rather than cultural type of education, and limited involvement in arts and culture).     

The politics of fiscal policy during economic downturns, 1981–2010

This article investigates fiscal policy responses to the Great Recession in historical perspective. It explores general trends in the frequency, size and composition of fiscal stimulus as well as the impact of government partisanship on fiscal policy outputs during the four international recessions of 1980–1981, 1990–1991, 2001–2002 and 2008–2009. Encompassing 17–23 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, the analysis calls into question the idea of a general retreat from fiscal policy activism since the early 1980s. The propensity of governments to respond to economic downturns by engaging in fiscal stimulus has increased over time and no secular trend in the size of stimulus measures is observed. At the same time, OECD governments have relied more on tax cuts to stimulate demand in the two recessions of the 2000s than they did in the early 1980s or early 1990s. Regarding government partisanship, no significant direct partisan effects on either the size or the composition of fiscal stimulus is found for any of the four recession episodes. However, the size of the welfare state conditioned the impact of government partisanship in the two recessions of the 2000s, with left‐leaning governments distinctly more prone to engaging in discretionary fiscal stimulus and/or spending increases in large welfare states, but not in small welfare states.