"社区照顾"的社会福利政策导向及其"以人为本"的价值取向

从“机构照顾”到“社区照顾” ,是社会福利输送模式的转变 ,也是社会福利发展的新方向。“社区照顾”的发展 ,不仅是社会服务方式的转变 ,也是社会福利政策导向的重大改变。发展社区照顾 ,不仅可以为那些需要得到帮助的老、弱、病、残、幼等弱势人群提供更多的社会支持 ,而且可以避免完全由国家提供福利支持和缺乏社会参与的种种弊端 ,同时还有助于实行社会福利制度的改革和社会福利“以人为本”方向的发展。     

Thoughts on Juvenile Justice Systems and Research

This article updates comments published in this journal in 1994 about the nature of the American juvenile justice system, which laid out reasons that it might not serve as a useful model for other nations. Since that time, the US system has moved further right towards the justice model and away from the welfare model. Individualistic philosophies and political conservatism have combined to produce a more adult-like and punitive juvenile system, applied to increasing numbers of minors and to increasingly younger minors. Successful demonstrations of community absorption or treatment have been too few to balance the rightward direction. European scholars are urged to undertake increased studies in two critical areas: (1) the nature, functions, and comparative differences in their juvenile justice systems, and (2) the nature of local communities and their contributions to patterns of delinquency.     

Reflections of the Evolving Concept of 'Private Policing'

Once popular state-centred political frameworks, while declining in popularity on many normative agendas, nevertheless continue to guide how we think about and examine policing. Early studies into the private policing phenomenon have thereby focused upon the formal paid private security sector, a set of agencies which do not depart too radically in appearance from traditional public police services. More recent empirical studies have yielded data inconsistent with the established conceptual frameworks. Theorists have been assembling these data into alternate ways of thinking about collective life, which may have profound implications for the ways in which to choose to govern in the future. Further research addressing developments in networked nodal governance may be suggestive of progressive alternatives.     

公益林生态效益补偿政策与法律问题探讨

生态效益补偿制度作为一个不可忽视的方面已成为林业分类经营改革的热点和难点。我国先后启动了天然林保护工程和退耕还林工程这两项具有生态补偿性质的工程。虽然这两项工程都已取得了一定的成就,但是其中尚存在着一些问题。构建公益林效益补偿法已成为社会主义市场经济体制和林业深化改革进程中的一个新问题。中国公益林生态效益补偿法规的设计应从以下几方面入手: 1.确立公益林在生态环境中的地位和作用; 2.确立公益林的各种林种的具体范围; 3.建立公益林的效益补偿原则; 4.确立公益林效益补偿方式; 5.确立公益林效益补偿资金及各种法定费用的征收使用管理规则。     

民事责任制度之没落－论急迫中的公益诉讼制度

以民事责任为中介的传统民事诉讼制度已不能满足我国目前社会与经济发展的需要,应尽快建立我国的公益诉讼制度,从而真正发挥“私人检察官”的作用。     

当前中国私营企业劳动关系研究

国际金融危机凸显了中国私营企业劳动关系的本质——雇佣。但在社会主义市场经济条件下,中国私营企业劳动关系却又呈现出不同于资本主义剥削的社会主义特色。正是这种具有社会主义特色的雇佣,决定了中国私营企业劳动关系的现状是复杂的、不平衡的、然而又不是不可调和的。危机影响下,私营企业劳动关系矛盾正在加剧,构建私营企业和谐劳动关系对劳方、资方及政府三方来说,都是迫在眉睫之事。     

发展型社会政策及其对我国政府政策制定的启示

本文回顾了发展型社会政策产生的背景,指出了发展型社会政策的重要理念,以及发展型社会政策对我国政府政策制定的启示。     

Facets of nativism: a heuristic exploration

ABSTRACT

Contemporary radical right-wing populism is an ideational compound of anti-elite populism and nativism, the latter encapsulated in the notion that ‘the own people’ should come first. Like populism, nativism has proven to be a rather elusive concept, particularly when it comes to its relationship to related concepts, such as patriotism, nationalism and particularly racism. Originally developed to analyse anti-immigrant sentiments in the United States and Canada, the term ‘nativism’ has recently been increasingly used to understand the success of the radical populist right in Europe and elsewhere. In this article, Betz present three facets of nativism: economic nativism, centred on the notion that jobs should be reserved for native citizens; welfare chauvinism, based on the notion that native citizens should be accorded absolute priority when it comes to social benefits; and symbolic nativism, advancing the notion that government should do everything to defend the cultural identity of a given national society. Whereas, in the past, economic considerations, including concerns about the viability of the welfare state, were central to anti-immigrant sentiment, in recent years, symbolic nativism, grounded in a defence of national cultural identity, is central to the success of radical right-wing populist mobilization.     

Hands‐Off or Hands‐On?: Deconstructing the ‘Test‐Case’ of Re G within a Culture of Children's Rights

This note challenges the so‐called ‘test‐case’ status of Re G in so far as it attempts to overturn the principle established in Re T that courts should adopt a neutral position when it comes to weighing the merits of different upbringings and the education provided by parents of minority religions. In determining the future upbringing and education of children who had been brought up in a minority religious community, Re G applies a principle of maximising educational opportunity in order to uphold the mother's proposed educational choice and way of life. This note argues that Re G was wrong to do so, should not be regarded as establishing any new principle and that the only relevant principle, both in determining this case and future cases, ought to rest on the psychological well‐being of the child.