西部大开发中民族民间文化的法律保护

实施西部大开发战略,为西部地区经济、文化事业的繁荣发展带来了难得的历史机遇。对蕴藏着丰富的民族文化遗产的西部地区来说,保护好民族民间文化是西部开发中的一项重要课题。从民族民间文化的界定入手,分析民族民间文化的保护在西部大开发中的意义,在了解国内外关于民族民间文化的立法现状的基础上,对民族民间文化的法律保护提出建议。     

Risks and Opportunities in Gender Gaps to Access Shelter: A Platform for Intervention

In the context of the current global trends such as polarization of social groups and intensified poverty, there is a serious risk that gender gaps in access to shelter widen among the poor to the detriment of women's social, economic, and personal well-being. Paradoxically, these conditions also provide certain opportunities for women, including their greater community-based mobilization and leadership role. This paper examines these risks and the opportunities they bear upon and stresses the need for intervention in four areas of rights, access, security, and empowerment. The paper draws on a participatory research project carried out by the United Nations Gender and Habitat program in 1992 to 1999 in low-income settlements of Africa, South Asia, and Latin America.     

Implications of EU Enlargement on the EU Greenhouse Gas 'Bubble' and Internal Burden Sharing

Currently, the EU-15 forms the only 'bubble' under the Kyoto Protocol and has negotiated an internal burden sharing. A strategic EU climate policy should include accession countries. Thus, even in the case of early ratification of the Kyoto Protocol by 2002, it would be sensible to form a bubble with all countries that are certain to be EU members during the commitment period 2008–2012. Of course due to Art. 4.4 of the Protocol the EU-15 has to stick to its own bubble. However, nothing prevents it from forming an implicit bubble including all first wave countries by inducing them to form a bubble on their own and transfer the surplus to the EU-15. Similarly, second wave countries should form a bubble of their own to co-ordinate JI and permit transfers to the EU. This would reduce the gap between business-as-usual and the target by about 50%. If ratification is delayed to a point where it is clear which second wave countries will be members by 2008, the bubble should be extended by those countries. When in 2005 target negotiations start for the second commitment period, the EU should negotiate a bubble consisting of all states being certain to be members by 2013.     

加快西部地区教育发展的几点思考

教育发展滞后是制约西部地区社会经济发展的瓶颈,加快教育发展是当前西部一个迫切需要解决的问题。     

新时期哲学创新必须正确处理“五对”关系

哲学是时代精神的精华,是一切文明的核心内容。文章从哲学创新的前提条件出发,认为实现哲学创新必须处理好"五对"关系:马克思主义哲学与中国传统哲学、西方哲学的关系;对马克思主义哲学坚持与发展的关系;马克思主义哲学中"一"与"多"的关系;理论思维发展的固有逻辑与社会实践的关系;哲学研究的专业化与哲学内涵大众化的关系。     

从两大学派的分歧看西方刑法学的发展趋向

长期以来,刑事古典学派与刑事实证学派的观点是根本对立的。这些对立主要表现在:刑罚的本质上,刑法的评价对象上,刑罚的机能上,刑事责任的基础上,刑罚的作用上,刑罚的目的上等。也正是在这些对立和分歧中,才使得西方刑法学从机械主义走向机动主义,从思辩走向实证,从被动走向主动,从惩罚已然之罪走向预防未然之罪,从结果主义走向责任主义,从个人保障走向社会防卫,从责任混同走向责任分化,从责任均衡正义走向责任分配正义等。从而完成了西方刑法学的历史进步和转变,也奠定了西方刑法学今后的发展方向与趋势。     

西部投资法律制度之缺陷与完善略论

西部大开发所面临的主要问题是投资问题 ,国家投资不足、民间投资总量少且效益低是制约西部社会经济发展的主要因素。西部投资法律制度由国家与西部各地有关西部国内投资的法律制度和外商投资的法律制度组成 ,它们均存在不利于西部发展的重要缺陷。作者提出了完善西部国内民间投资、外商投资和国家公共投资三方面法律制度的价值取向与基本措施。     

马克思主义哲学与当代西方哲学的共建

自19世纪初黑格尔完成哲学史上第一次大综合后，人类自由驰聘的理智便开始向三个方向演变，即科学哲学、马克思主义哲学和人本主义哲学。但进入20世纪后，这三大哲学就日益从分化趋向综合。西方马克思主义哲学、语言哲学、解释学、结构主义、历史主义、科学实在认，都体现了三个哲学的融合。事实上，无论是眼下哲学的发展趋向、面对的研究对象、追求的实践目标、所处的知识背景，还是即将到来的信息时代的激励挑战，都迫切要求马克思主义哲学和当代西方哲学携手共建。     

坚持科学发展观与建设西部小康社会

建设西部小康社会,是我国全面建设小康社会的重要组成部分.本文阐述了坚持科学发展观对建设西部小康社会的战略意义,探讨了西部地区实践科学发展观的有效途径.     

Institutionalized Knowledge Challenges in Pesticide Governance: The End of Knowledge and Beginning of Values in Governing Globalized Environmental Issues

This paper looks at the particular challenges that cross-level interdependence has for the use of knowledge in decision-making for environmental governance. Analytical questions surrounding knowledge generation, use, and flow and the role of institutions in shaping these arise in a multi-level context. By using results from a study on pesticide use in developing countries, some of the particular challenges in relying on scientific knowledge for governance of globalized environmental issues are illustrated. The case involves a situation with significant mismatches between access to and need for knowledge by decision-makers at the different governance levels. The exploration of various strategies to address such mismatches allow discussions not only on the role of knowledge and institutional design but also their limitations and how more inclusive values would serve a system of multilayered governance.