Reemerging religiosity: the mainstreaming of new spirituality in Estonia

Due to historical-cultural factors, Estonians answer that religion occupies a low level of importance in response to European and global surveys. Nonetheless, new spiritualities, rather than scientific materialism, have become increasingly influential in Estonia. Based on material from quantitative and qualitative studies, this article identifies indicators of the changing understandings about spiritual-alternative ideas and practices in Estonia and analyzes the tactics spiritual practitioners use to legitimize their worldviews. The study argues that “fuzzy spirituality” is the dominant mode of religiosity in Estonia and challenges researchers to find new methods and theoretical approaches to study religions.     

浅谈埃及开发落后地区的举措对我国西部开发的启示

发展中国家埃及开发落后地区对我们的启示是：抓住主要矛盾，解决水资源短缺问题；以科技为先导，调整产业结构；基础设施建设先行，带动西部经济发展；广开渠道吸引投资，减轻财政负担，加强宏观调控指导。     

表现型犯罪的情境预防--一个西方犯罪学视角的观察

表现型犯罪是指行为人的在行为过程中带有强烈情感色彩的犯罪行为，这些犯罪可以包括由飙车所引起的交通事故犯罪、由足球流氓引起的伤害案件、故意毁坏财物的犯罪、强奸、猥亵儿童等行为，在转型期的中国，表现型犯罪已屡见不鲜，其防治成为须待解决的问题。基于西方古典犯罪学派的情景预防理论基于理性犯罪人与机会控制的思考路径，是防治表现型犯罪的一套成熟的理论体系和策略应用。西方犯罪学文献中对于情境预防之于表现型犯罪也有批判之声，情境预防理论的倡导者从理论的正当性与实际犯罪的预防效果两方面对批判进行了回应，证明了情境预防是对抗表现型犯罪的有效途径之一。     

东南亚旅华市场:九十年代回顾与未来对策

在中国海外旅游客源市场中，外国游客的比重和地位都在不断提高，而进入九十年代后一体化进程不断深入的东南亚旅华客源市场在外国旅华客源市场中一直处于第一层次的重要地位。东南亚旅华客源市场还存在着巨大的潜力，应该给予足够的重视。然而对这一市场的研究开发等还存在着许多问题。我们建议，加强东南亚旅华市场调查和研究，进一步开发和完善旅游产品与相关设施，提高促销的效果，组建针对性的市场因应机制，努力形成中国与东南亚旅游的双向良性互动。     

论西部地区生态工程的战略意义

本文论述了再造山川秀美的西部的生态工程 ,是既为当代又为子孙造福的重大社会实践 ,其战略意义超越了生态环境本身而既具有重大的经济意义 ,又具有重大的政治意义。     

西部资源分类和资源战略选择

本文从西部地区资源结构的特征出发 ,将资源分为两大类 :存量资源和流量资源 ,并对存量资源与流量资源的优劣势进行了比较分析 ,指出了存量优势与流量优势的不同效率 ,并在客观分析资源开发中的现实问题的基础上 ,提出了西部地区资源优势转化的战略新思路。     

Stewardship and health systems strengthening: An overview

The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced the concept of stewardship to clarify the practical components of governance in the health sector. For the WHO, stewardship concentrated on how government actors take responsibility for the health system and the wellbeing of the population, fulfill health system functions, assure equity, and coordinate interaction with government and society. This article overviews the contents of this special issue, which offers examples of how health stewards in a variety of countries have addressed issues of health security, primary care expansion, family planning, and quality of care. The contributors' articles draw lessons for policy, programs, and management useful for practitioners and scholars. Our overview identifies several themes emerging from the articles: the foundational role of legal frameworks for effective stewardship, the importance of institutional arrangements as enablers, the influence of regional and global entities on national stewardship, the connection between credible decision‐making structures and stewardship, and pathways to sustainable financing and domestic resource mobilization. The discussion concludes with highlighting several gaps in knowledge and practice related to health stewardship.     

Crucial Factors in Implementing Radical Policy Change: A Comparative Longitudinal Study of Nordic Central Agency Relocation Programs

Abstract

Why do public policies succeed or fail? The aim of this article is to contribute to answering this enduring research question in policy research through a comparative study of the variable efforts by Nordic governments to relocate their central agencies from the capital regions over a period of several decades. This was a radical redistributive policy program premised on a policy instrument – coercion – which was very alien to political systems characterized as consensual democracies. Hence, it is no surprise that only two out of seven relocation programs of any substance were successful. The really intriguing research question here is how any relocation program was achievable at all in a policy context where this was very unlikely. A broadly based multi-theoretical analytical framework linking interest groups, institutions, human agency in the form of policy entrepreneurship/design and situational factors is employed to solve this research puzzle. Findings from this study offer important contributions to the following research fields: comparative public policy, radical policy change and most specifically the so-called third generation of public policy implementation research.     

论其他承担行政任务的组织

在现代西方国家,在传统的行政机关之外存在其他承担行政任务的组织,如公法人或公共机构甚至私法组织。在中国,有一些非行政机关或行政机构的事业单位和社会团体,由法律、法规授权或由行政机关委托,也承担一定的管理职能。对行政机关以外的其他承担行政任务的组织进行比较和分析,具有重要意义。     

日本明治时期的汉学复兴思想研究——以田冈岭云为中心议题

明治时期的日本人普遍崇尚西欧国家的思想文化,孜孜不倦地学习西方的科学技术,摈弃东方传统的中国古学。评论家田冈岭云指出了日本汉学界所面临的危机,大力宣传中国古学的优越性,积极倡导汉学复兴论。田冈岭云既批判了明治文明的弱点,又不否定西学在日本的地位,还希望将中国古学与西学融为一体,创造出中西合璧的日本式新文明。