Thinking and caring about indigenous peoples’ human rights: Swedish students writing history beyond scholarly debate

According to national and international guidelines, schools should promote historical thinking and foster moral values. Scholars have debated, but not analysed in depth in practice, whether history education can and should hold a normative dimension. This study analyses current human rights education in two Swedish senior high school groups, in classes meant to promote what has been described as conflicting ideals of historical thinking and empathy as caring. Content analysis of students’ exam essays shows intertwined relationships between critical thinking and judgements. The results also highlight how students care that people are treated unjustly; can identify different perspectives; link the past to the present and the future; and use corroboration of information to get the best grade. This analysis shows that the students focus on historical empathy as caring rather than sourcing and corroboration. However, all students combine normative judgements with the complicated act of more neutral perspective recognition in their papers. Evidently, students may combine historical thinking and empathy as caring in line with recommendations of international understanding when they write history about indigenous peoples’ human rights. These findings are significant to all researchers, teachers and decision-makers interested in furthering analytical skills or moral values in education.     

Manufacturing corporate landscapes: the case of agrarian displacement and food (in)security in Haiti

This paper explores the historical and contemporary sources of food insecurity in Haiti. It begins by detailing the impact of colonial legacies on the Caribbean region as a whole and on Haiti in particular. The adverse consequences associated with this period include deforestation, soil infertility and food-import dependence. The paper then turns to more contemporary trends, namely the influence of 30 years of neoliberal ideology. It argues that the belief that Haiti can best achieve food security through the pursuit of comparative advantage, a notion advanced and supported by powerful international and domestic actors, has served to reinforce harmful historic trends. We support this argument with recent fieldwork findings that highlight how the construction of a new export processing zone (EPZ), following the 2010 earthquake, has generated troubling environmental and food security concerns.     

Deconstructing the Boundaries: Gender and Genre in Mary Wollstonecraft’s Letters Written During a Short Residence in Sweden,Norway and Denmark

ABSTRACT

In her 1796 travelogue, Wollstonecraft combines the main elements of many different genres, blending together the physical-geographical account of the countries she was visiting with her own feelings, producing a Romantic conception of the human being overwhelmed by and subsumed into the natural elements. The journey through the Scandinavian countries turns out to be more than a business travel. It takes the shape of an inner route, a rediscovery of herself and of her experiences, including motherhood. The ability to dismantle the boundaries of the travel writing genre in such an innovative way is the same ability she shows when subverting the literary gender stereotypes that saw women marginalized inside the domestic sphere. What emerges from this extraordinary epistolary collection is a woman capable of the greatest sentimentality and, at the same time, of the smartest rationality, an active woman who does not deny her femininity but who strongly refuses the passivity society has always attributed to the female.     

Automotive global value chains in Mexico: a mirage of development?

ABSTRACT

International monetary organisations argue the ‘developing countries’ should foster linkages to the world economy as a means to overcome backwardness. In this article we refute the narrative that Mexico has experienced industrial upgrading. Rather, industrial growth in Mexico over the last 40 years has been shaped by neoliberal economic policies which have turned the Mexican economy into an export-led manufacturing platform designed to supply the North American market, sustained by a precarious labour market. As a result, Mexico occupies the most labour-intensive and low value-added segments of regional production chains. To make this argument, we perform an in-depth analysis of the Mexican automotive industry, demonstrating that instead of being an engine for domestic industrial development, the auto industry has become a dominant economic sector through productive hyper-specialisation concentrated in the northern Mexican border states, a reliance on transnational capital, particularly from the United States, a disconnect with domestic markets, and the super-exploitation of labour.     

革命地方实践与妇女解放问题:兼评丛小平《革命中国的婚姻、法律与性别,1940-1960》

1939年《陕甘宁边区婚姻条例》颁布后,边区法院做出了系列司法修改和调整。丛小平的近期研究《革命中国的婚姻、法律与性别,1940-1960》详细考察了这一过程及其背景和影响。她指出,边区政府在施行婚姻法改革的过程中积极考量、吸纳了地方风俗和司法实践经验,出现了从婚姻"自由"到"自主"的核心法制理念的变化。这一立法司法建制过程体现了中共革命"从群众中来、到群众中去"的根本路线,激发并肯定了农村妇女的"自主"能动性,并没有背弃其妇女解放的承诺。这一研究回应和修正了20世纪80年代英文学界关于社会主义革命和妇女解放的主流观点,体现了新世纪以来中外学界关于社会主义革命和妇女解放问题研究的新趋势,具有鲜明的方法论意义。     

Stuck in Mobility? Interrupted Journeys of Migrants With Precarious Legal Status in Europe

Abstract

Due to lack of access to work and support services migrants with precarious legal status engage in onward mobility within EUrope and thus contest the migration regime that aims to control and limit their mobility. This article highlights the ambiguous nature of mobility from a critical mobilities perspective based on multi-sited ethnographic research and interviews with migrants in Austria, Germany, Italy, and Switzerland. By focusing on their interrupted journeys, the article shows how migrants use mobility to secure basic needs and avoid migration control attempts and how this enhanced mobility aggravates emotional instability.     

闽台冥婚旧俗之研究

文章以录自福建(包括台湾)方志和谱牒的明、清、民国时期之冥婚案例为据,就迁葬与归葬、嫁殇和嫁于殇而言之,描述和论述闽、台冥婚旧俗之种种情况:尸归夫家、身死夫家而葬之,上门守贞、望门守贞,从安排死者联姻到包办生者与死者缔婚,以及合丧、苗媳守贞、过门待嫁而嫁于殇、延婿入赘而嫁于殇、夫家移柩从于女而合葬等特殊事例。归葬和嫁于殇专以未婚女性的性命和幸福为牺牲,是冥婚旧俗极端劣质化的产物。     

当代韩国“中国学”与中国“韩国学”之比较

本文主要以韩国的"中国学"与中国的"韩国学"的研究趋势比较为讨论内容。与20世纪90年代以后韩国的"中国学"一样,中国的"韩国学"也是正在发展中的学界的新兴学科的分支。在韩国,"中国学"已经作为最重要的地域研究分支得到巩固。在中国,"韩国学"虽不能与美国学或日本学等相比,但也正成为重要的地域学分支。这不仅是两国发展趋势的反映,也是两国学术交流的发展趋势的反映。它不仅反映了韩中两国相互关系的发展,而且在两国学术上也具有开始从与过去确实不同的角度认识关于对方重要性的意义。两国这种关于对方国家的研究,与民众文化的相互交流一起,促进了两国人民关于对方国家的理解,扩大共有知识,对长期的新的文化特性的构筑发挥了非常重要的作用。因此,没有必要赋予在短短20多年时间内出现的研究成果的特性以过于特殊化的意义。一定要利用这些分析现在的研究趋势与解决将来的问题点的资料的研究分析。然而,有必要对目前在学术领域中出现的人才培养体制和研究成果的偏重性与偏差的问题予以更大的关注。     

The Sephardi and Oriental Jews of Haifa and Arab-Jewish relations in Mandate Palestine

Abstract

This article examines the development of the relations between Jews and Arabs in Haifa during the British Mandate period from the perspective of the Sephardi and Oriental Jews (Mizrahim). It focuses on the two Sephardi neighborhoods in Haifa: Ard al-Yahud and Harat al-Yahud. The article examines the character of the shared Jewish-Arab space that existed in both these mixed neighborhoods, which were inhabited by both Jews and Arabs. The character of this spatial system was exposed during the course of a local political struggle to secure representation for the Sephardi and Oriental Jews and to improve their social condition, as well as during periods of security tension. The article also examines the attitude of the Sephardi leadership toward the ‘Arab question’, and discusses the manner in which everyday life in Ard al-Yahud and Harat al-Yahud manifested the existence of an Arab-Jewish identity during the Mandate period.