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421.
422.
In 1995, the Gender Research Committee of the International Studies Association conducted a survey of the membership concerning the impact of gender on members' lives. In 2006, the Women's Caucus for International Studies sponsored a follow-up survey utilizing similar questions. A comparison of the findings of the two studies shows increased representation of women within international studies, persistent frustration with the slow pace of progress in women's access to senior positions and in accommodating family issues, some evidence of a chilly climate for women and a leaky pipeline, and significant differences between men's and women's perceptions of the status of women in the profession. The 2006 survey reveals a marked increase in concerns regarding the tension between women's family responsibilities and the academic environment, identification of structural discrimination, and concerns that men have been disadvantaged by affirmative action for women. 相似文献
423.
International studies (IS) programs have proliferated across campuses over the past decades. Given the increasing ubiquity of IS education, as well as the interdisciplinary nature of IS, most previous scholarship on IS programs has focused on issues of curricular structure. Yet there is a lack of systematic information on many key issues facing IS programs. Through a survey of directors of these programs, this study seeks to examine some of the broader issues surrounding IS as a field of undergraduate study. In particular, I examine student popularity of our programs, the various ways in which they are administratively structured, and the perceived stature of IS programs within home institutions. Additionally, some of the factors that contribute to growth in IS programs are examined. The overall goal of this study is to provide a "first step" towards building a comparative assessment and benchmark of the institutional and administrative characteristics of IS programs. 相似文献
424.
Subnational governments have become more numerous and more powerful around the world, increasing the importance of subnational elections. However, we still know little about the impact of regional electoral outcomes on citizens' political support, and there is no systematic comparison of the impact of election outcomes on citizens' satisfaction with democracy. In this research note, we provide such a comparison by investigating how the winner-loser gap in citizens’ satisfaction with democracy differs across regional and national elections. Using data from Canada, Germany and Spain, we first show that there is a winner-loser gap in satisfaction with democracy following regional elections. The winner-loser gap at the regional level is, however, substantially smaller than the one generated by national election outcomes. Next, we find heterogeneous effects for voters who believe that the regional government strongly influences their quality of life. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings. 相似文献
425.
沈义父的《乐府指迷》是产生于南宋后期的一部重要词学论著,影响甚广。其指迷所向,主要是为了抵制两宋时期北曲对宋词的市井俚俗化影响,坚持词学的本色特征,坚持雅词的传统,所以在理论上提出了雅词四标准等一系列主张,并且通过清真词作为雅词样板,将词与曲、诗在音律、字面、表达等方面加以区别,从而显示了词学的独特品格及其理论特质。研究《乐府指迷》与《词源》的相异点,不但可以澄清词学本色论与词曲合一论的不同立场,而且也可更清晰地把握《乐府指迷》的理论特质。 相似文献
426.
Joseph Murray David P. Farrington Manuel P. Eisner 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2009,5(1):1-23
Systematic reviews summarize evidence about the effects of social interventions on crime, health, education, and social welfare.
Social scientists should also use systematic reviews to study risk factors, which are naturally occurring predictors of these
outcomes. To do this, the quality of risk factor research needs to be evaluated. This paper presents three new methodological
quality checklists to identify high-quality risk factor research. They are designed so that reviewers can separately summarize
the best evidence about correlates, risk factors, and causal risk factors. Studies need appropriate samples and measures to
draw valid conclusions about correlates. Studies need prospective longitudinal data to draw valid conclusions about risk factors.
And, in the absence of experimental evidence, controlled studies need to compare changes in risk factors over time with changes
in outcomes to draw valid conclusions about causal risk factors.
Joseph Murray is a British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow at the Institute of Criminology and a Research Fellow at Darwin College, University of Cambridge. He is the principal investigator on an Economic and Social Research Council (U.K.) grant called “Effects of negative life events on delinquent development: a cross-national programme of research”. He was awarded the Manuel Lopez-Rey Graduate Prize in Criminology (University of Cambridge) in 2002, the Nigel Walker prize (University of Cambridge) for his Ph.D. in 2007, and the Distinguished Young Scholar Award (American Society of Criminology, Division of Corrections and Sentencing) in 2008. David P. Farrington , O.B.E., is Professor of Psychological Criminology at the Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, and Adjunct Professor of Psychiatry at Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh. He has received the Sellin-Glueck Award of the American Society of Criminology, the Sutherland Award of the American Society of Criminology, the Joan McCord Award of the Academy of Experimental Criminology, the Beccaria Gold Medal of the Criminology Society of German-Speaking Countries, the Senior Prize of the British Psychological Society Division of Forensic Psychology, the U.S. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Outstanding Contributions Award and the Hermann Mannheim Prize of the International Centre for Comparative Criminology. His major research interest is in developmental criminology, and he is Director of the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development, which is a prospective longitudinal survey of over 400 London males from age 8 years to age 48 years. He is also co-Investigator of the Pittsburgh Youth Study, which is a prospective longitudinal study of over 1,500 Pittsburgh males from age 7 years to age 30 years. Manuel Eisner is a Reader in Sociological Criminology at the Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge. His research interests include historical trends in violent crime, developmental criminology and early prevention of crime and violence. He is director of the Zürich Project on the Social Development of Children, a longitudinal study of 1,200 children in the city of Zürich. 相似文献
Joseph MurrayEmail: |
Joseph Murray is a British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow at the Institute of Criminology and a Research Fellow at Darwin College, University of Cambridge. He is the principal investigator on an Economic and Social Research Council (U.K.) grant called “Effects of negative life events on delinquent development: a cross-national programme of research”. He was awarded the Manuel Lopez-Rey Graduate Prize in Criminology (University of Cambridge) in 2002, the Nigel Walker prize (University of Cambridge) for his Ph.D. in 2007, and the Distinguished Young Scholar Award (American Society of Criminology, Division of Corrections and Sentencing) in 2008. David P. Farrington , O.B.E., is Professor of Psychological Criminology at the Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, and Adjunct Professor of Psychiatry at Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh. He has received the Sellin-Glueck Award of the American Society of Criminology, the Sutherland Award of the American Society of Criminology, the Joan McCord Award of the Academy of Experimental Criminology, the Beccaria Gold Medal of the Criminology Society of German-Speaking Countries, the Senior Prize of the British Psychological Society Division of Forensic Psychology, the U.S. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Outstanding Contributions Award and the Hermann Mannheim Prize of the International Centre for Comparative Criminology. His major research interest is in developmental criminology, and he is Director of the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development, which is a prospective longitudinal survey of over 400 London males from age 8 years to age 48 years. He is also co-Investigator of the Pittsburgh Youth Study, which is a prospective longitudinal study of over 1,500 Pittsburgh males from age 7 years to age 30 years. Manuel Eisner is a Reader in Sociological Criminology at the Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge. His research interests include historical trends in violent crime, developmental criminology and early prevention of crime and violence. He is director of the Zürich Project on the Social Development of Children, a longitudinal study of 1,200 children in the city of Zürich. 相似文献
427.
李凯林 《北京行政学院学报》2010,(2):90-93
高校师生思想状况的跟踪调查已有多年,研究其变化的规律特点尚待深入。从10年问卷数据看,高校师生对当今中国发展状况高度认可,同时也显现出对个人权益发展空间的更多关注。从整个新时期跨度看,30年中国改革开放的成功实践获国人高度认可,但纷繁的学术思潮对中国的现实存在也有不同诠释,它们构成了高校师生思想变化的肯定否定交响曲。高校师生思想的互动及其与社会的互动,体现出存在决定意识基础上对学术和政治统一性的关注与追求。 相似文献
428.
Birgitta Haga Gripsrud Ellen Ramvi Lynn Froggett Ingvil Hellstrand Julian Manley 《Nora, Nordic Journal of Women's Studies》2018,26(3):210-229
This article explores knowledge about the breast in lived experience, addressing a gap in empirical research on a highly gendered cultural trope and embodied organ. We present findings from a study that used a free-associative psychosocial method—the Visual Matrix—in order to stimulate expressions of tacit aspects of the breast, aiming to generate an understanding of relations between embodied and enculturated experiences. Our data revealed how an aesthetic of the grotesque in one matrix allowed the mainly female group to use humour as a “creative psychic defence” against culturally normative and idealized aspects of the breast. This was expressed through symbolizations, affectively delivered in an exuberant mode, emphasizing the breast‘s potency and its potential for nurturance and “weaponization”. Through this feminine poetic, life and death became inseparable yet ambiguous dimensions of breasts. The breast’s life-affirming qualities included the sensual, the visceral, and the joyful—a material-semiotic knowing. This was incontrast to a second matrix, which expressed a more ambivalent and troubled response, and in which associations were weighted towards the spectacular breast of an ocular-centric culture that privileges hetero-masculine looking. We discuss differences between the two matrices in terms of psychosocial tensions between embodied and enculturated experiences. 相似文献
429.
From Lab Experiments to Real Negotiations: An Investigation of International Iron Ore Negotiations
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Lin Zhang 《Negotiation Journal》2018,34(1):69-87
Negotiation researchers have conducted a large number of experimental lab studies to identify the factors that affect negotiation outcomes, but it remains unclear whether those results can be generalized to real‐world negotiations. To explore this question, we analyzed the dynamic international iron ore annual negotiations that took place from 2005 to 2009. We found evidence that supports two important findings from previous experiments. Specifically, we focused on the impact of negotiators’ best alternatives and first offers on negotiation prices using multiple case study analysis. We found that iron ore prices increased more when the gap between the previous year's negotiated price and the price on the alternative spot market, a public market in which commodities are traded for immediate delivery, was larger, which suggested that buyers were sensitive to the strength of this alternative, supporting the literature on the role of alternatives. We also found that the first offer price significantly influenced the final price. Our findings extend two important experimental findings from the negotiation literature to large‐scale business negotiations in the real world. 相似文献
430.
Sten Hansson 《社会征候学》2018,28(4):472-493
In this article, I argue that when officeholders try to avoid blame, they often engage in defensive performances which can be analysed in terms of how they exploit various multimodal semiotic resources to ward off (potential) criticism: the setting, appearance, and manner chosen for a particular interaction with an audience; and both verbal and non-verbal ways of arguing, legitimising, framing, and representing social actors and actions. I apply these analytic categories to interpret the data gathered during fieldwork at a major training event of British government communicators. By combining insights from multimodal discourse analysis, discourse-historical studies of organisational behaviour, and recent research into blame avoidance in public administration, I demonstrate how certain semiotic strategies used by officeholders have an effect of backgrounding the ideas about any possible norm violations that government communicators may have been associated with in the eyes of critical audiences, such as lying, spin doctoring, and using tax money for propaganda campaigns that may not actually serve the interests of the public. I suggest that analysts of government communication should pay more attention to the defensive practices of government insiders, and study in great detail how these practices are incorporated into everyday behaviour through professional training. 相似文献