青少年犯罪心理原因分析及心理健康教育对策思考

青少年犯罪问题越来越突出,成为摆在人们面前的一个不容忽视的严峻的社会问题,预防青少年犯罪已成为我们社会各部门、学校及家庭必须研究、认识和解决的课题。本文对青少年犯罪的心理原因进行分析,并从心理健康教育的角度提出对策。     

新形势下青年政治参与的几种演变

在社会主义市场经济的新形势下,青年政治参与和以往相比发生了五大变化,即由激情型向理性化转变,由动员型向自主型转变,由单一化向多样化发展,由无序化向制度化转变,由理想化向务实化发展。     

青少年违法犯罪与环境的关系

本文主要从周围不良环境、家庭环境和学校教育三个不同层面全面分析了青少年违法犯罪的社会原因,对青少年违法犯罪的主观因素进行了深刻剖析,最后从加强道德教育、加强法制教育、加强家庭和学校教育以及净化社会环境四个方面对青少年违法犯罪的预防措施进行了综述,从而把预防青少年违法犯罪这一问题做为一个社会化的问题,要求全社会都来关心青少年的健康成长,家庭、学校和社会各界积极参与综合治理工程,对青少年进行广泛的权益保护、思想教育。     

构建社会主义和谐社会与当代青年的历史责任

构建社会主义和谐社会，是一项艰巨复杂的系统工程，需要全党全国人民长期坚持不懈地努力奋斗。青年是祖国的未来，民族的希望，要坚定信念，发奋学习，艰苦创业，锤炼品德，为开创中华民族的新纪元，为构建社会主义和谐社会建功立业，这是时代赋予当代青年的历史责任。     

AN ASSESSMENT OF RECENT TRENDS IN GIRLS' VIOLENCE USING DIVERSE LONGITUDINAL SOURCES: IS THE GENDER GAP CLOSING?

Applying Dickey-Fuller time series techniques in tandem with intuitive plot-displays, we examine recent trends in girls' violence and the gender gap as reported in four major sources of longitudinal data on youth violence. These sources are arrest statistics of the Uniform Crime Reports, victimization data of the National Crime Victimization Survey (where the victim identifies sex of offender) and self-reported violent behavior of Monitoring the Future and National Youth Risk Behavior Survey. We find that the rise in girls' violence over the past one to two decades as counted in police arrest data from the Uniform Crime Reports is not borne out in unofficial longitudinal sources. Several net-widening policy shifts have apparently escalated girls' arrest-proneness: first, stretching definitions of violence to include more minor incidents that girls in relative terms are more likely to commit; second, increased policing of violence between intimates and in private settings (for example, home, school) where girls' violence is more widespread; and, third, less tolerant family and societal attitudes toward juvenile females. These developments reflect both a growing intolerance of violence in the law and among the citizenry and an expanded application of preventive punishment and risk management strategies that emphasize early identification and enhanced formal control of problem individuals or groups, particularly problem youth.     

Tears,Trauma and Suicide: Everyday Violence among Street Youth in Puebla,Mexico1

Despite considerable ethnographic research with young people in street situations and a growing interest in violence, little attention has been paid to suicide. The occurrence of suicide is a dramatic event that reveals weaknesses in support systems established by governments and civil society organisations, as well as perceived failings of friends. While an interest in suicide usually considers cause, in this paper we explore effect. How does the death of a member of a tightly knit group of street youth affect others and what does the suicide tell us about their identification with death more generally? Research for the paper was part of an in‐depth study of identities among street youth in Mexico.     

社会转型期青年价值观现状及对策

青年的命运决定着国家的命运,青年道德水平的下降将会导致整个社会道德下降。了解到青年一代中的部分人道德下降,灵魂瘫痪的现实,对我们深入加强社会主义精神文明建设具有重要意义。对青年而言,需要形成科学的自我实现价值观、培养健全个人人格体系;而对社会而言,则需要做好一系列的引导工作。     

人力资源管理与完善团干部教育培训工作机制

团干部教育培训工作是加强团干部队伍建设的重要环节,从人力资源管理的角度分析,进一步完善团干部教育培训工作机制必须完善需求评估机制,在传统方法基础上,采用素质模型的方法;完善目标管理机制,以自我控制为主,注重工作成果的管理方法和制度;完善工作实施机制和工作评估机制,进一步推动团的工作和建设。     

THE AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION ADDRESSES THE NATIONAL PROBLEM OF YOUTH AT RISK

During the 2006–2007 American Bar Association (ABA) year, a special ABA Presidential Youth at Risk Initiative has addressed several important topics: addressing the needs of juvenile status offenders and their families; foster children aging out of the foster care system; increases in girls, especially girls of color, in the juvenile justice system; the need to better hear the voices of youth in court proceedings affecting them; and improving how laws can better address youth crossing over between juvenile justice and child welfare systems. Lawyers are encouraged to use their skills to improve the systems addressing at‐risk youth and their families and to help facilitate coordination of youth‐related community efforts. Learning how to effectively communicate with youth is an important skill attorneys must learn. Through the Youth at Risk Initiative, the ABA has held continuing legal education programs, hosted community roundtables among youth‐serving stakeholders, and developed projects on: juvenile status offenders; lawyer assistance to youth transitioning from foster care; educating young girls on violence prevention, conflict resolution, and careers in law and justice; and provision of useful information to youth awaiting juvenile court hearings. New ABA policy has addressed services and programs to at‐risk youth, assuring licensing, regulation, and monitoring of residential facilities serving at‐risk youth, enhanced support for sexual minority foster and homeless youth, juvenile status offenders, and improving laws and policies related to youth exiting the foster care system.     

在日本政府主导下全社会共同推进青少年工作的发展

日本家庭、学校、政府和社会互相配合,各司其职、各尽所能,共同做好青少年工作,尤其是政府高度重视青少年工作,在社会上广泛开展青少年工作,使得青少年活动场所建设与管理规范有效,推进了青少年工作的顺利开展。