中国少数民族相关艾滋病问题研究的再思考

自艾滋病在中国传播开来后,广大少数民族聚居地区也未能幸免,且进入21世纪以来,部分少数民族聚居地区和部分流动的少数民族群体中艾滋病呈快速传播趋势。众多社会科学研究者在有关项目支持和公共卫生部门邀请下,对少数民族及其聚居地区的艾滋病问题进行了多层次、多视角和全方位的研究,研究成果中有许多新的发现和防治对策,同时也启发并促进少数民族艾滋病问题的更深入研究。在梳理学界研究成果的基础上,对中国少数民族相关艾滋病问题的研究提出了思考。     

对我国《艾滋病防治条例》颁布之感想

国务院的《艾滋病防治条例》于2006年3月1日起实施。社会对《艾滋病防治条例》的反应不一,积极评价与消极评价并存。本文认为,虽然存在不足,但《艾滋病防治条例》制定的意义重大,它标志着中国艾滋病防治法制的建立。     

艾滋病病人犯罪现状及解决途径——以西部某省为例

艾滋病病人犯罪是艾滋病病人群体与社会普通群体冲突的过激表现形式,已对社会稳定造成极大威胁。艾滋病病人犯罪的原因较多,要解决这一问题,必须通过完善立法、加强社会干预等途径,共同解决爱滋病病人犯罪问题。     

Self-Esteem Enhancing Reasons for Having Sex and The Sexual Behaviors of African American Adolescents

A sample of 146 African American adolescents living in impoverished neighborhoods with high HIV rates participated in the Chicago HIV Prevention and Adolescent Mental Health Project (CHAMP), a longitudinal study of adolescent HIV risk exposure. The current study examined self-reported reasons why African American adolescents may participate in risky sexual behavior. Adolescents completed a questionnaire regarding their sexual behaviors and reasons for having sex at Wave 3 of data collection. Findings from the study revealed that females used condoms less consistently while males had more sexual partners and sexually debuted earlier. Regression analyses also indicated that males were more likely to endorse self-esteem enhancing reasons for having sex and those who did also reported a higher number of sexual partners. Males were more likely to endorse power-related reasons for having sex and those who did tended to sexually debut earlier. Across both genders, results suggested that those adolescents who endorsed more self-esteem enhancing reasons for having sex were less likely to use condoms consistently. Implications for prevention programs and future research are discussed. Doctoral candidate in the Clinical Psychology Program at Loyola University Chicago. She received her Master of Arts from Loyola University Chicago in Clinical Psychology. Her research interests are in HIV/AIDS prevention in African American communities, particularly amongst adolescent girls. Professor of Clinical Psychology and Director of Clinical Training at Loyola University. He received his Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from Virginia Commonwealth University. His interests lie in family relations during early and late adolescence, developmental psychopathology, the interface between developmental psychology and clinical child psychology, pediatric psychology (e.g., adolescents with physical disabilities), statistical applications in psychology, and research design. Associate Professor of Psychology in Psychiatry at the University of Illinois at Chicago. She received her Ph.D. in Child Psychology from the University of Minnesota at Minneapolis Her research interests lie in normative developmental processes during the transition to adolescence.     

论湖南省公安民警艾滋病职业防护机制之构建

随着湖南省艾滋病人和艾滋病病毒感染者违法犯罪的增加,公安民警随时都面临着感染艾滋病的危险。然而,湖南省公安民警艾滋病职业防护能力与当前形势很不相适应,并且缺乏良好的保障体系。因此,应当尽快建立完善的公安民警艾滋病职业防护培训教育机制,加强公安民警艾滋病职业防护和安全防范制度建设,建立公安民警艾滋病感染的社会保障体系,以应对日益严重的艾滋病人和艾滋病病毒感染者违法犯罪问题。     

对艾滋病的社会性别分析--读《红丝带的思索》

随着艾滋病在中国的传播和蔓延,研究者们对艾滋病的关注也越来越深入;随着中国艾滋病感染者中女性比例的上升,研究者们越来越关注其中的社会性别问题。《红丝带的思索》是一本从社会性别视角对艾滋病进行研究的成果。本书采用社会性别分析和实证研究的方法,探讨艾滋病感染与流行中高危群体和普通群体的社会性别关系以及艾滋病流行对两性的不同影响,为有关方面制定防治艾滋病的政策法规提出了有价值的参考,也对消除性别歧视和对艾滋病的社会歧视有重要意义。     

关注艾滋病对老年妇女的影响

老年妇女同样面临感染艾滋病风险,她们的感染人数在悄然增长。子女感染艾滋病病毒后,对老年妇女的经济、健康、心理和晚年保障各方面产生严重后果。在广大发展中国家,她们还担负着照料和支持艾滋病子女的重要角色。在以往艾滋病的研究和行动中,公众、研究者和决策者都忽略了艾滋病对处于年龄和性别双重弱势地位的老年妇女的影响,妇女在艾滋病相关工作中很少得到关注和重视。因此,有必要了解艾滋病对老年妇女的影响并研究应采取的对策。     

论中国艾滋病立法的基本框架

艾滋病立法的框架包括初步的立法体系及其主要内容。17年来,中国艾滋病立法从无到有,从分散到系统,形成了具有中国特色的初步的艾滋病立法体系。内容大致包括:艾滋病的地位与性质、主管部门与防治机构,艾滋病的防治对象与范围,防治方针与原则,权利与义务,宣传教育与行为干预,疫情监测与疫情报告等。     

社会性别与艾滋病——对一位女性艾滋病患者生命历程的性别分析

本研究运用质性研究方法,对一位女性艾滋病患者的生命历程进行了社会性别分析。研究认为,传统的社会性别制度恶化了女性艾滋病患者的社会处境,尤其是从夫居和父系继嗣制度不仅使女性在患病后难以获得家庭和社区的支持,而且容易面临来自家庭和社区的双重压力。在艾滋病的防治中,应更关注女性的权益保护。     

Investigating the Relationship Between Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Risk-Propensity in Black/African-American Women

This study explored the relationship between Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Risk-Propensity in African-American women. An anonymous questionnaire was completed by a community based sample of 200 African American women with a varied history of intimate partner violence, to determine whether being in a violent relationship impacts HIV risk. Various statistical techniques, including structural equation modeling (SEM), bivariate correlation analyses and ANOVA were used to examine the data. A strong positive correlation was found to exist between sexual coercion and Intimate Partner Violence. In the effort to fortify prevention strategies, and reduce the rates of HIV infection in African-American women, additional factors that impact disease transmission were discussed. Implications for social work/mental health practice and suggestions for future research were made.