Citizen support for European Union membership: the role of socialisation experiences

The article explores whether European Union membership has a socialisation effect on citizens’ attitudes towards their country’s membership of the EU. Using a sample of 15 Western European countries, it is shown that this is the case. First, evidence is provided of a positive lifelong socialisation effect: citizen support for their country’s membership of the EU increases with years spent living in an EU member state. Second, it is shown that those who joined the EU during their formative years are less supportive of the EU, whilst those who spent their formative years in a non-democracy are more positive about EU membership. The size of these effects is very small in comparison to that found for the lifelong socialisation effect, suggesting that the lifelong socialisation process of continued EU membership is much more important for EU attitudes. This study offers new insights into the formation of EU attitudes.     

欧盟宪法治理初论

欧洲联盟作为国家联合体,它既不是一个典型的国际组织,也与主权国家有着明显的区别。它目前采取的治理模式包含国际主义、超国家主义和亚国家主义三种因素。欧盟治理的指导性原则,制度架构和采取的措施等方面都有其独特之处。《欧盟宪法条约》的签署为欧盟治理提供了法律保障。     

EU citizens: Challenging the notion of German National Political Community, 1990–2005

This article assesses the extent to which Germany's adaptation of European Union legal norms through altering the criteria for access to territory and rights has challenged the judicial and conceptual boundaries of its notion of national political community. It compares the policies that directly affected EU citizens’ and other immigrant groups’ access to German territory, citizenship and social integration programs. It may be seen that, in enjoying a unique and privileged position between Germans and the other foreigners, this group not only challenges and undermines the justification for this very distinction, but also transforms the concept of ‘otherness’.     

原苏共党内监察制度探微

原苏联共产党在列宁时期就曾建立起一个较为科学的党内监察制度,但经斯大林、赫鲁晓夫、勃列日涅夫、戈尔巴乔夫时期以后,这一制度几乎变得形同虚设,对党内特权官僚阶层毫无约束,成为党亡政息的原因之一,这是每一个执政党都应该汲取的教训。     

Complete mitochondrial genome sequences for 265 African American and U.S. “Hispanic” individuals

Entire mitochondrial genome (mtGenome) sequences of 265 unrelated African American and U.S. “Hispanic” individuals were generated.     

Contextual effects on historical memory: Soviet nostalgia among post-Soviet adolescents

Using an original survey of adolescents in post-communist Russia and Ukraine, this study analyzes attitudes toward the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The results demonstrate how contextual factors – the republic's position within the former Soviet Union and prior history of colonization – affect the level of nostalgia among the young generation. Based upon semi-structured interviews with adolescents, the study identifies sources of positive and negative attitudes toward the Soviet demise. Furthermore, the research reveals cross-national differences in the relationship between Soviet nostalgia and national pride.     

The urban household in Russia and the Soviet Union, 1900–2000: Patterns of family formation in a turbulent century

Starting from census data on co-residence and household composition, the authors analyse principles of family organisation and family formation in twentieth-century urban Russia and the Soviet Union. The article uses an adapted version of the classification of households developed by Peter Laslett and Eugene Hammel to study variation in household structure for successive population censuses. Changes in this variation between cross-sections are explained with the help of additional quantitative and qualitative data and are linked to the fundamental demographic, social and economic shifts which took place in Russian society in the course of the twentieth century. The article finds a family system characterised by a tendency towards nuclear family formation, but incorporating a fairly stable element of household extension. Co-residence of three generations was both an answer to a perennial housing problem and offered important advantages in the sphere of childcare and care for the elderly. Variation and fluctuation in household structure are found to be most pronounced during the turbulent first half of the century. After a period of stability during the post-war decades of Soviet rule, post-Soviet transformations provoke new changes.     

东欧亚地区的新地缘政治：太平洋俄罗斯再次处于边缘地位

东亚或者按现行术语来说的东欧亚,在世界政治经济体系中的地位以及地区内部关系的性质方面面临着重大变化。21世纪初形成的北太平洋地区“双边关系”正在经历转型。莫斯科正将其议程从亚太地区重新定位为“大欧亚”,俄罗斯东部地区再次回到东亚和欧亚地区双边缘的地位。如果莫斯科真想改变俄罗斯东部边缘地区的命运,就必须认识到亚太地区发生的结构性转变的深度。欧亚一体化的东北平台从幻想变成现实,需要中国和俄罗斯发挥推动和协调的作用,同时建立东欧亚地区国家多边政治对话机制。太平洋俄罗斯有着巨大的发展潜力,变化的地缘政治局势为其创造了新的机遇,意味着将有新的尝试来改变地区的命运。本文原载于俄罗斯《全球政治中的俄罗斯》(双月刊)杂志2018年第5期,经作者授权在《俄罗斯学刊》中文发表。     

切实履行维护劳动者权益的神圣职责

工会履行维护劳动者合法权益的神圣职责，要增强维权的使命感、责任感和紧迫感，努力加强工会维权的机制建设，牢固树立中国特色工会维权观，不断提高工会的维权能力和水平。     

Intimate Partner Violence,Psychological Distress,and Suicidality: A Path Model Using Data from African American Women Seeking Care in an Urban Emergency Department

Intimate partner violence (IPV) and suicidal behavior are major public health problems in the African American community. This study investigated whether or not IPV and suicidal ideation are correlated in urban African American women, and if the IPV–suicidal ideation link is explained by symptoms of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). With 323 abused African American females, path analysis revealed that: (1) IPV → depressive symptoms → suicidal ideation, and (2) IPV → PTSD symptoms → depressive symptoms → suicidal ideation. When evaluating abused women, depressive and PTSD symptoms and suicidal thoughts must be assessed. Interventions for reducing suicidal behavior in abused, low income African American women should reduce symptoms of depression and PTSD.