论民事诉讼程序参与原则

从权利的角度说,"程序参与原则"旨在保障当事人及相关第三人的"程序参与权"(包括诉讼知情权、诉讼听审权),因而属于"正当程序保障"的范畴。在民事诉讼中,程序参与原则普遍适用于争讼程序、非讼程序和执行程序及裁定程序,但适用情形和具体要求各有不同。作为法律原则,若当事人及相关第三人和法院违反程序参与原则的,均产生相应的法律后果并有相应的纠正程序或救济程序。     

Do technocrats boost the acceptance of policy proposals among the citizenry? Evidence from a survey experiment in Italy

Are policies proposed by technocrats more easily accepted by citizens than those proposed by traditional partisan actors? This is a crucial question, as politicians increasingly rely on technocrats for resolving “wicked problems” such as financial, environmental, and health crises. To answer this question, we conducted a survey experiment among 5000 Italian respondents. At the time of our experiment, Italy was governed by a “grand coalition” of various technocratic and partisan actors, enabling us to realistically vary the proponents of different policy proposals. Overall, citizens are more likely to accept policies proposed by technocrats as opposed to party leaders. In particular, we find that technocratic proponents boost policy acceptance even more for economic and valence issues. Furthermore, we find that this “technocratic effect” is generally stronger among citizens who are more likely to disagree with the policy content.     

行政问责制度模型——基于运行程序的规范分析

作为现代民主行政的重要内容,行政问责制度是一种旨在全面追究和实现政府责任的监督机制。在其内涵、要素与功能日渐明晰的基础上,我国行政问责制度效应的发挥与价值实现最终有赖于一套精确完备且有较强操作性的运行程序和制度模型,进而实现行政性问责向程序性问责的本质转变。根据我国现有的行政生态与制度基础,从一项制度必须应有的运行程序角度来说,行政问责制度模型的设计应以责任失范行为的发现为运行前提,以责任的解释、判断与评估以及责任的追究等作为三个主要运行环节,同时以规范化的救济机制作为问责失范的补充环节。     

公司法结构性改革总体思路

在资源配置由市场起决定性作用的经济体制下,公司这种无论何种经济成分出资设立、最契合市场经济运行机制的商事主体必然会在国民经济中占据更加重要的地位.为此,有必要重新考虑公司法结构性改革的总体思路.在科斯法律经济学的视野下,改革方案的顶层设计应当立足于公司法在我国当前整个商事主体立法中的实际地位,认清商事主体经济分类和法律分类双轨制所带来的种种矛盾和弊病,围绕对各种经济成分实行同等待遇,促进国内统一市场形成,提高国际竞争能力的制度设计目标,尽可能吸收消化世界各国晚近公司法修改乃至整个商事主体立法全面整合的新经验新成果,形成和国际趋同的现代公司法和内外资统一、以法律分类中的责任形式及主体资格标准为依据的、以公司为主导的商事主体体系和商事主体法体系.     

正交试验优化霍山米斛总多糖提取工艺

目的 建立霍山米斛总多糖的最佳提取工艺。方法 依据2015年版《中华人民共和国药典》第一部中铁皮石斛多糖测定方法,通过单因素考察及正交试验研究提取温度、提取次数、提取时间、料液比对霍山米斛总多糖提取率的影响,采用苯酚-硫酸法测定其多糖含量。结果 霍山米斛的最佳提取工艺为：提取温度为100 ℃,提取2次,每次提取2 h,料液比为1∶800(g/mL)。结论 所优选的工艺简单、方便、准确,适用于霍山米斛总多糖的提取。     

比较政治学在东南亚权威主义研究中的新进展:议题、方法与趋势

自21世纪以来,比较政治学研究发生了从"民主转型"到权威主义政治的转向,东南亚的权威主义国家也得到了比此前更多的关注。现有研究已经建立起系统的理论分析框架,形成了从权威主义起源到运作过程,再到持续结果的主要研究议题,出现了以斯雷特、比宾斯基和布朗利为代表的学者群体,他们分别提出了抗争政治与权威主义利维坦形成、执政党组织与权威主义持续性以及精英联盟关系与经济危机结果等理论。这些研究采用了诸如控制式比较、过程追踪和正负面案例的比较分析方法,并引入了时间和空间等维度去发展和检验理论。在未来的研究中,澄清起源和运作过程对权威主义持续结果的作用以形成统一的理论框架,在权威主义韧性外引入经济发展、社会稳定和公共福利等国家治理维度的议题,拓宽研究视野,将区域政治与国别政治相结合,是东南亚权威主义三个值得进一步探讨的研究方向。     

核心价值观融入法治的历史进程、时代特征与实践路径

社会主义核心价值观融入法治建设是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要支点。回首核心价值观融入法治建设的历程,经历了新中国成立初期的奠基、改革开放初期的创建、深化改革开放时期的拓展、中国特色社会主义新时代的定型等四个历史阶段。党的十八大以来社会主义核心价值观融入法治建设,呈现出“基本理念更加清晰、目标任务更加周延、政策指导更加有力、人民意志更加彰显、机制保障更加有效”等时代特征。新的历史起点上社会主义核心价值观融入法治的实践路径是:坚持党的领导,夯实核心价值观融入法治的思想理论基础;坚持人民立场,统筹推进核心价值观融入法治持续深入;坚持问题导向,增强核心价值观融入法治的质量和实效。     

Justice Here and Now: A Personal Reflection on the Restorative and Community Justice Paradigms

Cuba has long had one of the lowest crime rates in Latin America and in the Americas generally. Incidents of crime against women such as rape and domestic violence, for example, appear to be lower in Cuba than in the rest of Latin America and the United States. Community organizations in Cuba play a significant role in controlling criminal activity by generating and sustaining citizen participation, generating an understanding of the nature of community crime, and helping to form partnerships for community policing. Cuba has attempted to obtain citizen participation in order to resolve social problems, including crime, by instilling a sense of community among its citizens and providing them with the structure of mass organizations that mobilize people on local, regional, and national levels. Residents attribute Cuba’s relatively low crime rate to the sense of community created and maintained by such mass organizations. This article focuses on the role that mass organizations and especially Committees for the Defense of the Revolution play in the Cuban experience of community policing and justice.     

The process of change in offender rehabilitation programmes

Abstract

Whilst the overall effectiveness of offender rehabilitation programmes in reducing recidivism is now well established, there has been less discussion of the reasons why rehabilitation programmes may be unsuccessful for some offenders. In this paper we suggest that models of change developed in counselling and psychotherapy may have utility in explaining how offender rehabilitation programmes bring about change, and argue that the dominance of cognitive–behavioural treatments in the rehabilitation field means that those offenders who have particularly low levels of problem awareness may be at increased risk of treatment failure. Understanding more about the mechanisms by which programmes help offenders to desist from offending is likely to lead to the development of more responsive and, ultimately, more effective programmes. Some suggestions for those involved in the delivery of offender rehabilitation programmes include: being mindful of the sequence of components of programmes, the development of preparation (or readiness) programmes and offering a broad suite of programmes to cater for different stages of problem awareness and assimilation among offenders.     

What Can Pro-Democracy Activists in Arab Countries Expect from the European Union? Lessons from the Union's Relations with Israel

In this article, we analyze the European Union's (EU) approach to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, showing that there is a wide gap between its normative opposition to the occupation, Israel's expanding settlement project, and the EU's foreign trade policy. Our argument is not only that there is no evidence of norm diffusion from the EU to Israel, but that within the EU itself there is no diffusion from the normative political stance to the EU's economic interests. The Israeli case suggests that the pro-democracy activists of Tunisia, Egypt, and Syria should be aware that the trade interests of the EU Member States will ultimately trump the EU's political declarations.