论规范垄断协议行为的立法完善

我国《反垄断法》对垄断协议的规制已不适应现实需求,其在垄断协议定义上存在涵盖过宽问题,应当将其严格限定在实质性排除、限制竞争的范围内;其在垄断协议的分类上存在划分过于简单化问题,应当在目前所作的分类基础上引入一个兜底条款;其在垄断协议的规制原则上存在意思表达不明问题,应当对自身所持的态度作出精确阐述;其在维持转售价格的规制上存在因噎废食问题,应当将重点放在其被滥用情形的防治上;其在垄断协议的豁免制度上存在应对机制不全问题,应当通过科学的安排对相应情形加以补充并作出指引。     

Safeguard Measures under the China-Australia FTA: The WTO-Compatibility Perspective

Since the Sino-Australia Free Trade Agreement came into force, the possibility of applying safeguard measures is also increasing along with the rapid growth of their bilateral trade. There are different approaches of applying bilateral and global safeguard measures in the FTAs, in addition to the WTO-compatibility requirements, under the multilateral trading system. GATT Article 24 neither entitles nor forbids applying the bilateral safeguard measures in the FTA context straightforwardly. However, requirements by the Safeguards Agreement as well as the ‘parallelism principle’ as established in dispute settlements must be complied with when a party excluding its FTA partner from its application of global safeguards, otherwise its WTO-compatibility will be challenged.     

Associations between Parent and Child Reports Of Interparental Conflict/Violence And Child Difficulties in A Family Mediation Setting*

We examined the association between parents’ (N = 52 mothers and 52 fathers) and children's (N = 27) reports of interparental conflict and child difficulties in a family mediation setting. Parents’ reports of conflict were moderately associated with children's reports of exposure to parental conflict, but only fathers’ reports of conflict were associated with children's reports of negative responses to parent conflict. While mothers and fathers agreed on their child's difficulties, only mothers’, not fathers’, report of child difficulties were moderately related to child reports of child difficulties. Mothers’ and fathers’ reports of conflict generally were not strongly associated with reports of child difficulties. In contrast to parent reports, children's reports of exposure to parents’ conflict were moderately and significantly related to self‐reported child difficulties and moderately related to parents’ reports of child academic difficulties. The magnitude of the association between the child's report of interparental conflict and self‐report of difficulties was stronger than the association between parent report of conflict and parent report of child difficulties, suggesting that parents may not fully understand their child's exposure to parent conflict/violence or the problems their child is experiencing.

Key Points for the Family Court Community:
• Family law stakeholders prioritize the creation of parenting arrangements that are in the best interest of the child; however, it is unclear how to gather information about the child and the child's perspective in order to inform such arrangements.
• The study results suggest that parents may not agree with each other or with the child about important family issues, such as parent conflict and child difficulties. For example, parents may not fully understand their child's exposure to parental conflict/violence when in the midst of custody negotiations.
• More research is needed to determine the best method for gathering information about the child during custody proceedings. In the meantime, it is important to gather information from multiple sources and to consider the agreement and differences across such sources of information.

     

Regulating public procurement in Brazil,India, and China: Toward the regulatory-developmental state

Since the 1990s, emerging economies such as Brazil, India, and China have adopted transparency-enhancing public procurement regulations in line with international norms. Yet they have hesitated to join the World Trade Organization's legally binding Government Procurement Agreement (GPA). Based on the Special Issue framework, this article scrutinizes the underlying domestic and international determinants, and how they influence emerging countries’ positions in two overlapping international procurement regimes. In particular, reform-oriented state actors, societal pressure, and lesson-drawing from international templates have induced a strengthening of domestic procurement institutions and turned emerging countries into “promoters” of the international transparency regime. Conversely, the rising powers have remained, to varying degrees, reluctant “spoilers” of the GPA-based market access regime in order to keep policy space and use procurement for domestic development objectives. The article suggests that this regulatory-developmental layering of rule-based governance and interventionist ambitions characterizes the variegated regulatory state in emerging countries.     

我国商业银行面临的主要问题及解决对策

目前,我国商业银行发展迅速,初步形成了银行体系,同时经营范围扩大,资金规模增加标志着银行发展进入了全新的时代。但不容忽视的是,我国商业银行面临着诸多问题亟待解决,在金融市场逐步对外开放的背景下,机遇与挑战并存,只有解决存在的问题,全面提升银行的实力才能使银行得到全面发展。     

Transparency in multilateral climate politics: Furthering (or distracting from) accountability?

This article analyzes the interplay between transparency and accountability in multilateral climate politics. The 2015 Paris Agreement calls for a “pledge‐and‐review” approach to collective climate action with an “enhanced transparency framework” as a key pillar of the Agreement. By making visible who is doing what, transparency is widely assumed to be vital to holding countries to account and building trust. We explore whether transparency is generating such effects in this context, by developing and applying an analytical framework to examine the link between transparency and accountability. We find that the scope and practices of climate transparency reflect (rather than necessarily reduce) broader conflicts over who should be held to account to whom and about what, with regard to responsibility and burden sharing for ambitious climate action. We conclude that the relationship between transparency and accountability is less straightforward than assumed, and that the transformative promise of transparency needs to be reconsidered in this light.     

也谈仲裁第三人

仲裁第三人指与正在进行的仲裁案件的当事人间不存在仲裁协议,但与仲裁标的存在利益牵连的人。目前关于应否设立仲裁第三人制度存在肯定和否定两种意见。从既有的仲裁理念和纠纷解决的制度架构来看,仲裁第三人所涉及的问题可以在既存状态下获得圆满解决,没有必要设立所谓的仲裁第三人制度。     

离职竞业禁止协议的立法选择——兼评《劳动合同法》第23条24条之规定

离职竞业禁止协议由于涉及太多的矛盾与冲突，其效力一直受到国内外学者的关注和质疑。作者在分析了离职竞业禁止协议性质和各国立法的基础上，提出中国作为大陆法系国家，在当前法官素质不高的国情下，有必要在借鉴各国立法司法经验的基础上对竞业禁止协议作出更加全面的规范，以指导当事人的行为和司法审判实践。     

我国知识产权权利冲突的衡平思考

中国知识产权保护近年一路攀高 ,关键在于司法、执法的权利衡平 ;而在立法的空白地带 ,要求司法、执法真正做到公平、公允并不容易。这里有一个思想方法与认识论问题。有鉴于此 ,本文从WTO体制下的TRIPS协议、我国的现行法律与文化基础、中美知识产权谈判等诸多方面 ,探讨了我国知识产权保护中权利冲突的衡平问题。