反腐治本之道：制度推进、参与氛围和常态化反腐路径

随着中国社会的日益富裕，改革进入了矛盾冲突的多发期，贫富差距和遏制腐败成为公众关注的焦点。因为反腐败作为保障分享式发展的基础环节，不仅要惩戒贪腐，而且要提供一个公平、透明和利益分享的公共秩序，从而让更多的中国人富裕起来并且富而有礼。实现这一目标，关键是看能否在既得利益、权力和人情的复杂纠葛中探寻到腐败扩散的机制，进而通过制度推进和公民参与来阻断它并进行主动防御。这便是公民文化框架下的防腐扩散机制。它包括微观结构上的资源开放、规则透明、问责制等流程，和宏观秩序上基于“民治才能民有”的制度建设和形成“人人起来负责”的参与氛围。这种微观结构与宏观秩序的互动，将有效稳妥地解构既得利益圈子，使熟人文化走向公民文化，形成对腐败的普遍抵抗机制，从而克服古典治理的困境，冲破“历史周期率”的命运，最终完成中国社会从传统治理向现代治理的转型。     

浅析诉讼程序的正义标准

本文以区别于其他学者的角度从诉讼程序的公平性、当事人的充分参与性和对尊严的充分尊重性三方面对诉讼程序的正义标准进行粗浅分析 ,从而提出公平、参与、尊严是诉讼程序获得正义的三个基本标准     

关于网上价格听证的几点思考

本文在简要回顾国外迅速发展的电子参与实践的基础上,针对我国价格听证的实际,系统地探讨了一种新的公众参与形式——网上价格听证,分析了其功能定位,阐述了其实施要点,研究了网上价格听证在价格听证过程中的作用。     

论基层人大代表选举制度与公民政治参与

人民代表大会制度是我国公民政治参与水平和效果的直接体现，基层人大代表选举是我国公民政治参与的主要舞台。当前，我国基层人大代表选举中存在一些问题，主要表现在基层人大代表的确立制度存有缺陷、人大代表候选人与选民的沟通不畅、选民的实际参与度有限三个方面。完善基层人大代表选举制度，提高公民政治参与的有效度，必须提高人大代表确立的竞争性，增强人大代表与选民的合意性。     

自治背景下流动农民的政治参与

流动农民是一个数量庞大而又十分特殊的阶层,考察流动农民阶层的政治参与状况,既有着重要的理论价值,又有着显著的现实意义。目前突出的问题是其政治参与权利日趋边缘化。如何将一个为数庞大的阶层的变化了的政治参与意愿通过制度化的办法予以满足,是政府必然要考虑和解决的问题。政府和社会应高度重视流动农民的政治参与,为流动农民的权益保护创造平等的政治环境;加大户籍制度改革力度,清除流动农民政治参与的体制性障碍;改革现行的就业制度,促进流动农民市民化;提高流动农民的组织化程度,为流动农民的有序政治参与提供组织载体。     

美国公共利益集团政治评析

美国的公共利益集团政治表现为新的行动主义的政治参与模式。它的发展是美国多元主义政治理想的体现 ,是后工业社会中后物质主义意识的产物 ,是政府职能扩大的结果。美国公共利益集团政治在发展过程中出现了自由派与保守派间的激烈冲突 ,使公共利益集团政治的发展仍面临重重阻力。     

公用事业民间参与的历史必然性与路径选择

民间参与公用事业已成为一个不可抵挡的世界潮流。放松规制、开放市场,经营权的民间参与,所有权的民间参与等都是实现公用事业民间参与的有效途径。在促进民间参与公用事业的过程中,必须克服所有制调整上的“恐私病”、国有资产退出问题上的“恐退病”以及国有资产流动方面的“恐失病”等三大观念障碍。     

Personalist Politics, Clientelism and Citizenship: Local Elections in El Alto, Bolivia

The article investigates the citizenship practices of urban Aymara in a neighbourhood of El Alto, Bolivia, through an examination of the municipal elections of December 1999. Using ethnographic methods, I focus on the instrumental and affective sides of clientelism, a central feature of Bolivian elections. I argue that clientelism is a part of citizenship practice, a means of engaging with the state in the person of the politician. A majority of the Bolivian population are marginalised from the oligarchic mestizo system of government, as represented by the traditional political parties. However, at local level, and especially during election campaigns, there is more permeability, and this article sees clientelism as a set of strategies through which citizens attempt to make politics, and politicians, more representative and responsive.     

Is Britain Facing a Crisis of Democracy?

This article contributes to the debate in this journal about the state of British democracy. I criticise the tendency to use a ‘demand–supply’ dichotomy in interpreting the strong distrust experienced by institutions and politicians, and especially the idea that all the blame for current problems is to be attributed to the inadequateness of the British political tradition (BPT). By referring to international data on democracy and to recent British trends in both public attitudes and institutional innovations, a more nuanced picture on the state of democracy emerges. I argue that the BPT is not incompatible with incremental changes that have already introduced innovations in the way politics works in Britain today, and that the task of empowering citizens is one of the most delicate aspects in this process of innovation.     

Citizen Participation in City Governance: Experiences From Vietnam

The radical political and economic reforms sweeping through former socialist countries during the last several decades have facilitated economic growth and urbanization. During this period of market reform and urbanization, citizen participation is greatly needed yet easily lost to other priorities. We employ stakeholder theory to examine whether citizen participation differs between large and small cities and between the poor and non‐poor people in Vietnam. Using data from a sample of citizens in five centrally managed cities, we found that citizens in large cities and citizens that belong to “unofficially poor” groups participate less. For policy makers, this implies that citizen participation should be of central importance in the management of current cities' expansions. In addition, the categorization of “poor households” needs to be closely monitored to minimize the risk of de facto poor households being excluded from the group. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.