中国农村工业化的一种可行途径（下）

乡镇企业在20世纪80年代的发展和近年来面临的困境激起了国际经济学界的浓厚兴趣和很大争议。许多理论强调乡镇企业发展背景的特殊性,认为其发展经验不可能一般化。如果不是把乡镇企业中界定模糊的产权视为静态的制度安排,而是把他作为与外在制度环境相适应而变动的内生制度创新因素,那么,不仅能够解释乡镇企业何以产生并一度取得惊人的增长,而且能够解释他们何以在20世纪90年代中期以来增速趋缓。乡镇企业发展中动态的制度创新过程和发展绩效显示,他可以为在政治、经济、法律等制度结构都不完备的广大发展中国家实现农村工业化提供一种可行途径。     

论《边城》关于命运的三种叙事

本文以为《边城》文本在叙事语态上存在三种时态,即过去之事、现在之事、未来之事。三种时态分别对应于回顾叙述、同步叙述、预示叙述。由于女主角翠翠的贯穿作用,关于她的生母的爱情、关于她的正在进行的爱情、关于她的将来的爱情都和谐地统一在翠翠命运的递嬗当中,它在推动着叙事走向深入的同时也展现了边城乡下子民生活的无常与无奈。     

In Search of Native Dissidence: RT Kawa’s Mfecane Historiography in Ibali lamaMfengu (1929)

Abstract

This article situates RT Kawa’s Ibali lamaMfengu (1929) as a canonical text of South African historiography, and mfecane historiography in particular. In Ibali lamaMfengu, Kawa attempts to give an account of the origins of amaMfengu clans, who were Mfecane refugees, as well as their political situation, when they were incorporated into the Gcaleka kingdom of King Hintsa in the 1820s and 1830s. Kawa’s work is significant in clarifying key disputes on the origins of amaMfengu although is not comprehensive in detailing their early life amongst amaXhosa. Although a key text, its analysis was not only excluded, but rejected by ‘‘mainstream’’ South African historians in the 1980s and 1990s. This omission resulted in dominant scholarly versions of the Mfecane dismissing the validity of the interpretations and analyses of African writers, in effect, rendering Mfecane historiography a ‘‘white-only’’ debate. I demonstrate in this article that Kawa’s work is in fact, a valid and persuasive history of amaMfengu, and is largely accurate on the basis of their origins, their life under chief Hintsa, and the reasons for their exodus from amaXhosa, that led to their loyalty pledge to the British in 1835.     

Bibliographie Critique Recente sur Madagascar

This paper analyses the impact of neoliberalization on post-apartheid spatial practices at the new Gugulethu mall in Cape Town. It examines this impact at two levels: first, from the perspective of neoliberal processes and their ability to adapt to the local township environment and, second, from the viewpoint of the township and its permeability to these ideas and practices, specifically emphasizing the role of local brokers. We study how revolutionary discourses, imagery, spatial design and social engineering were employed to promote the business, and how these attempts were received at the everyday level in the township. We argue that contemporary, ordinary townships such as Gugulethu tell a localized story of neoliberalization processes through which global capital is rooted within South African townships.     

Assumption of Responsibility in Corporate Groups: Chandler v Cape plc

In Chandler v Cape plc, the Court of Appeal imposed for the first time liability on a company for a breach of its duty of care to an employee of its subsidiary. In doing so, the court laid out a new four‐part test for ascertaining a parent company's responsibility for the health and safety of individuals employed by group companies. Although liability of parent companies may be justified under the right circumstances, the court's approach in Chandler is problematic in a number of ways and raises more questions than it answers.     

市民社会视阈下我国乡镇政府决策伦理的构建

农村市场经济的发展催生了农村市民社会。在新形势下,农村市民社会对乡镇政府的决策伦理提出了以人为本、服务行政、责任民生、民主法治的诉求。而这些诉求正好与乡镇政府决策伦理缺失的内容相对应。因此,如何对乡镇政府决策伦理进行新的构建,农村市民社会给我们提供了思考和路径。     

Horizons of long-distance intimacies: Reciprocity, contribution and disjuncture in Cape Verde

This article employs the renewed anthropology of kinship to revisit historical approaches to the study of social relations taking place in transnational social fields. Based on multi-sited qualitative anthropological fieldwork with a strong historical perspective centred on biographical interviews and social network analysis, the author examines a particular Cape Verdean household that comprises four generations and extends its contacts between several Cape Verdean islands, Portugal, São Tomé/Príncipe as well as the United States. The contextualization of the individual life courses of its members and their changing relatedness in the course of time brings to surface a complex design of factors that contribute to the sense of belonging or detachment in this Creole transnational island society. These are different levels of mobility, the challenges and limits of diverse levels of technical connectivity between several localities, the dynamics between approved relatedness and family-based migration regimes as well as the normative aspects resulting in a gendered perspective on the demands of reciprocity. The author introduces the notion of a “contributive family model” in order to capture the individual choice of keeping in touch and the meaning of social practices, which transform ideas of relatedness into reconfirmed transnational solidarities.     

制度分析视角下的乡镇政府公共产品供给职能的重塑——以苏北A镇为例

乡镇政府公共产品供给是一个重大的理论与实践课题。近几年来,不少学者对乡镇政府公共产品供给制度进行了许多有益的探索,但从乡镇职能角度出发立论者较少,这在一定程度上影响了对实践的指导意义。从A镇公共产品供给现状出发,指出目前乡镇政府职能的制度性缺陷,进而为乡镇政府公共产品供给职能的重塑提出体制和政策性等方面的建议。     

农村城镇规划管理可持续发展

我国农村城镇化是农村改革和农业发展的产物,它不仅有利于促进我国经济社会可持续发展,而且也有利于人口控制和生态环境保护。我国当前农村城镇化表现出很大的盲目性和无序性,制约了农村城镇的健康发展。本文拟就强化农村城镇的规划和管理与可持续发展进行初浅探析。     

农村宗族问题与乡镇政府对策

农村宗族组织是农民自发形成的一种自我组织形式,对其不能采取简单取缔方式。农村宗族势力并非只是阻碍农村社会经济发展的消极因素。改革以来,它在农村社会经济生活中起到了正式组织所不能替代的重要功效。必须在制度设计上对家族的负面影响进行控制。建议将乡村宗族势力改造成符合法律规定的利益集团。